Diyala Journal of Human Research

The aim of the research is to identify the reality of community services in the area of the Great Dam and to know the most important geographical factors affecting their distribution. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive approach and the analytical approach. The research concluded that residential uses may issue the rest of the uses of the land, as its area reached (6125910)M2 and in a percentage It is (95.17) percent of the city's area.

Imam Jaafar Al-Pupcani lived in the tenth century Ah in the country of al-Sind a century that witnessed the prosperity of science and literature as well as witnessed dangerous political incidents full of strength and severity , but the scholars did not hesitate , did not discourage and did not stop the wheel of education and authorship, so India was considered the scientific and cultural center of the ray, as it studied philosophy , religion sciences , medicine, literature , mathematics, sociology and others and this is evident through the manuscript .(learning approach )

Abd al-Rahman ibn Hormuz al-Araj al-Muttalib, loyal to the mawla of Muhammad ibn Rabi`ah ibn al-Harith ibn Abd al-Muttalib, and as for his birth, upbringing and members of his family, we did not receive adequate information. Then he emerged in Madinah as one of the readers and modernizers in the science of the Arabic language, and some of the founders of grammar in the city, and he was the most knowledgeable of the people about the genealogy of the Quraish. An end where he died in the year (d. 117ﮪ).

There were many forms of internal conflicts in Egypt during the era of the Mamluk Maritime State (648-784 AH / 1250-1382 AD), which resulted in arson fires between the contenders, including a conflict between Muslims and Christians, and it is one of the sectarian conflicts, which is one of the most dangerous human disasters because of the devastation and destruction it causes. and loss of life and property

The current research aims to identify marital communication among secondary school teachers. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted the Marital Communication Scale (Badr, 2002), and applied the scale to the research sample, which consisted of (400) male and female teachers who affiliated to schools of the Directorate of Education of Khalis District only. They have been chosen by the stratified random method. The data were statistically processed using (one-sample t-test, two independent samples t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Alpha Cronbach formula).
The research reached the following results: - The research sample members have the level of marital communication compared to the theoretical average of the scale. There has been no significant difference according to the gender variable in marital communication.
In light of these results, the research came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions.

This research aims to address the animal totem symbols of the pre-Islamic Arab goddess, as one of the main features in the religious aspect. The religious factor played an important role in ancient societies, as we find religion a phenomenon and a social need that accompanies people throughout their lives, and among these societies is the Arabian Peninsula community before Islam. Who was concerned with the worship and sanctification of animals to obtain blessing, and then take animal religious symbols instead, so we will address this topic in order to know the impact of those worship on the lives of the Arabs before Islam, and to reach the importance of animals on their religious life, and therefore the research will be divided into two axes, we will address in The first (the animal totem symbols in the north and center of the Arabian Peninsula), while the second axis will be about (the animal totem symbols in the kingdoms of southern Arabia).

The Soviet Union opened the space race by launching on October 14, 1957 an intercontinental ballistic missile called Sputnik-1 to achieve a technological advantage over the United States of America. The administration of the US President Eisenhower was quick to respond to this step by launching a similar missile into space, which he called the Explorer-1 on December 31, 1958 Not only that, but President Eisenhower rushed to establish a civil space agency representing the American space project, which he called the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and abbreviated NASA on October 1, 1958. From that time on, the competition between the two forces took on a technical and military space until the year 1975.
The research section was divided into three axes: the first axis dealt with the American-Soviet rivalry between1958-1964, the second confronted the space race that led the Americans to reach the moon (1964-1969), and the third axis followed the Apollo-Soyuz project (1972-1975).
The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which are: The Eisenhower administration contained the Sputnik-1 crisis by developing a number of plans to alleviate the anger of the American public by establishing a special agency to manage the American space project called NASA in 1958, and NASA was able in 1969 to launch the Apollo flight -11 led by Armstrong, Aldrin, Collins and their arrival to the moon by a blow that ended the space race by placing the American flag on the moon, announcing the end of the 13-year race between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Michael Angelo left a deep artistic impact that continued for successive eras, and he mixed in his creativity between the Middle Ages and modernism, adhering to a free and bold style that his contemporaries of artists could hardly imitate, and he established a global system of unconventional art that is not committed to conservative Christian teachings. In addition to his many problems with the clergy, who gathered to fight his art by force of arms, defamation and the threat of death, and in the light of all these events Mikhail Angelo made the glory of the art of sculpture, drawing, engineering and poetry, so he was

This study selected the most prominent procedural concepts of the Reception Theory, which is the constructive blank space. In order to be invested in shedding the light on the total blank spaces found in the poetry of the pre-Islamic era, and in order to create a communication process between the text and the recipient.
The most prominent focus of the study is the illustrative structure in the linens technique; the displacements caused by the women poets in poetic texts through simile, metonymy, and metaphor contribute to the creation of a blank space that requires filling from the recipient. That is, there is a blank space in the text that the creative writer intentionally leaves; in order for the recipient to participate in its fullness through interpretation.

It is not a secret to specialists in the field of Arabic language on the importance of grammar and its role in linguistic correction, which aims to clarify the grammatical chapters in which the speakers have a lot of errors, and seeks to know the reasons for making mistakes. Which was concerned with treating common errors in Arabic, and trying to correct them, especially the grammatical correction of Subhi Al-Bassam

The study picks up the scope of Travel literature as a cultural field mingled by signs and communication systems that in its space, the deliberative dimensions will be flourished. Thus, the study favors the employment of these circulation concepts and its main concentrations in writing of Charles Perez, Charles Mouros and Jane Austen so that it might deal with travelling texts and how its being compared. So, manipulating of these concepts led to illuminating the heritage text and reading it with a new vision full of aesthetic, symbolic, ethical and human connotations, as well as displaying the positive interaction between an ancient text and modern and contemporary methods

The Arabic language is concerned with many terms, including food terms for its importance in life. It is noticeable that it is not without any linguistic book is full of some of these terms. Al-Razi (D. 310 AH) collected them in his book (Al-Tib Al-Maluke) translated as (Royal Medicine) which is chosen as a research sample, because it is full and rich with food terms. In this research, the researcher will deal with care and study of one of the types of food terms indicating their meaning to their basic component: meat and pastries.

The aim of the current research is to know:
1- The envious personality of university students.
2- Rumination among university students.
3- The direction and strength of the relationship between the envious personality and ruminating oneself among university students.
To achieve the objectives of the research, the (envious personality) scale was constructed according to (Frank, 2010) theory and the scale consists of (26) items. The apparent validity and validity of the construction were verified and the reliability was verified by the method of Alpha Krumbach and the reliability coefficient was (0,82), while The reliability coefficient with the re-test method reached (0.78). As for the self-rumination scale, the researcher adopted the self-rumination scale according to the researcher's message (Maha, 2018). The apparent validity and construct validity of the scale were extracted and the reliability was verified by the Alpha Krumbach method, and the reliability coefficient was ( 0.91), while the reliability coefficient with the re-test method was (0.81).
Then the scale was applied to the current research sample of (400) male and female students from Diyala University and from both scientific and humanitarian majors for morning studies, and the research sample was chosen by the random stratified method.
The following results were reached: -
1- The members of the research sample have a high envious personality, compared to the theoretical average of the scale, and with a significant difference.
2- The subjects of the research sample have high ruminance, measured by the theoretical mean of the scale, and with a significant difference.
3- The more the envious personality trait, the more rumination increases, because the relationship between them is strong and direct.
In light of these results, the research came out with a number of recommendations and proposals.

The heritage in general, and the written Islamic heritage in particular, is an identity for the Islamic peoples and the source of their culture, and preserving it from loss and extinction and taking care of it is a religious, moral and patriotic duty. Years of their life, and they left their countries to travel to other countries and met the suffering they faced while traveling, in search of science to document it for subsequent generations after them. The present era, because the investigation protects us everything that the previous scholars wrote down from different sciences, and the investigation is the publication of the texts that have reached us from the scholars in a closer way than the author of that text was, or in other words, it is the verification of the manuscript text and its publication as close as possible so that the researchers can Those interested in the Islamic heritage have access to these various sciences, which have great merit in the development that nations have reached at various levels, because without these sciences, we would not have reached today. The work of investigating manuscripts may reveal to us a lot of lost science and reveal to us a lot of hidden facts. Therefore, many researchers and those interested in manuscripts are directed to work on them so that they do not disappear and become oblivious to the wind.

This research aims to study the factors affecting the electrical energy consumed, represented by (population, average per capita, number of subscribers, selling prices of electrical energy) and their increase leads to an increase in the amount of electrical consumption. It occupies the first place in consumption, followed by the winter months, due to the urgent and necessary need for cooling and heating devices. As for the sectoral distribution, we note that the household sector ranks first in the amount of electrical consumption from the rest of the consumer sectors, and it turns out that the required energy exceeds the amount supplied, although it is not sufficient for the study area. And considering the volume of consumption does not represent the actual need of the population, it is clear that the increase in the amount of energy received leads to an increase in the percentage of electrical energy losses

This research collects the chains of transmissions of Hamza al-Zayyat’s hadith (“Dissension will certainly come”), explaining their defects, studying them a critical Hadith study, and explaining the disagreement in them on Hamza, and the weightier chains of transmission from him. The research explains the endorsements and differences of the rest time periods in the chain of transmission, and sayings about the narrators who have an influence in judging the hadith, and clarifying its evidence, and its degree in terms of acceptance and rejection

This research collects the chains of transmissions of Hamza al-Zayyat’s hadith (“Dissension will certainly come”), explaining their defects, studying them a critical Hadith study, and explaining the disagreement in them on Hamza, and the weightier chains of transmission from him. The research explains the endorsements and differences of the rest time periods in the chain of transmission, and sayings about the narrators who have an influence in judging the hadith, and clarifying its evidence, and its degree in terms of acceptance and rejection

The current research aims to build a suggested indicative program with a method of restoring the cognitive structure in reducing the cognitive dissonance among middle school students. To achieve the goal of the research and test its hypotheses, the researchers used the experimental method with design (experimental group and control group with a pre-post test). The cognitive structure of (Meckenbaum) and the number of sessions (12) sessions according to the needs that were identified from the paragraphs of the scale and by two sessions per week and that the duration of the session is (45) minutes and as the statistical data was processed, the researchers reached to build the proposed indicative program in a method of repeating The cognitive structure in reducing cognitive dissonance among middle school students, and in light of this, the researchers presented a number of recommendations and suggestions

The Gwangju Uprising in May 1980 is one of the most important and prominent events in the modern and contemporary history of South Korea as a result of the great popular resistance received by the newly empowered military government led by General Chun Doo-hwan, which he met with repression and prevention of protests by declaring martial law, closing schools and universities and preventing gatherings except the city of Gwangju, which continued Despite that, by resisting and demanding democracy for ten consecutive days, May 18-27, 1980, which prompted Chun and his group to take a violent, bloody step of repression that had never happened before in the history of South Korea, which earned him and his government a bad reputation. South Korea

The current research aims to build a scale for managing emotions for middle school students. The researchers prepared the scale according to the theory of Myers and Salovey (2001) and it consisted of (28) items, four domains, and four alternatives, and the statistical characteristics of the scale were extracted and it was found that all items are distinguished and statistically significant, In addition, the psychometric properties of the scale were extracted, such as the apparent validity and construct validity, and the data were processed using the (SPSS) program and a number of statistical methods. The researchers reached to achieve the goal of the research by building a scale for managing emotions among middle school students. Based on the results, the study came out with a number of recommendations and suggestions

Arabic poets since the pre-Islamic era have employed the Euphrates River in several poetic topics, the most important of which are khmeriyat and spinning. and his love since childhood, and trying to show his impact on Arabic literature; And because this poetry is a continuity and development of Arabic poetry before it, we established the study on three topics: We studied in the first: the employment of the Euphrates in the Khmeriyat and spinning in Arabic poetry until the end of the Umayyad era, and the second dealt with the employment of the Euphrates in the Khmeriyat in Arabic poetry in the Abbasid era, and the third was devoted to the study of the employment of The Euphrates River in spinning, and we will follow in this research the analytical method, the most important of its results: that the Euphrates carried in the two purposes of the wines the spinning the sign of sweetness, and employed the Euphrates and its metropolis to depict the quality of wine from Imru’ al-Qays all the way to the Abbasid era. And the perfection of its softness, and he was employed in depicting wine boards and may combine the two purposes in them, and he was employed in spinning as an expression of the many tears of loved ones and the intensity of their crying, and he was employed in spinning to depict the longing for the beloved Al-Furati after parting, and this employment was characterized by emotional tyranny

The verb (came) was distinguished by its movement between multiple individual meanings, as well as its movement between necessity and transgression in combination in the linguistic and Quranic contexts. Hence the idea of research in his study in the various contexts according to the individual and syntactic meanings that the context gives to the verb, which gave the text contained in the verb a kind of semantic harmony. The Qur’anic context according to its meanings; In addition to the role of syntactic semantics by showing the effect of the transformation of the individual semantic into grammatical syntactic semantics according to the relationships between units; So the verb (came) became intransitive, transitive with the letter, and itself transitive to the object; Perhaps one of the most important results that the research reached in the singular significance is the variety of meanings contained in the verb (came) between presence, acceptance, and knowledge, with an indicative difference between them, including in the syntactic significance, the validity of what the visuals decided that the necessary verb transcends a letter to include the meaning of another verb that transgresses this letter. , and not with the letter of that implied verb as decided by the Kufics, with the distinction between the necessary and transitive meanings of the verb (came) between linguistic theorizing and Quranic application.

The prose poem is different from its previous poetic forms, such as the vertical poem and the altafeilati poem. Dr. Hatem Al-Sakr noticed the difference of the Arabic prose poem from its Western counterpart in its standards, dealing with its overlapping with some other literary forms such as prose poetry and focused prose. It sheds light on the problematic of the legitimacy of its existence and the search for the potential of its poetry by preserving its rhythm without rhyme through its proportionality and the significance of the topic at hand. It is not possible to neglect its name and the major problem in collecting the opposites

Contemporary education, with all its challenges, requires that teachers, in particular teachers of art education, always be keen to put their students in situations of challenges and work diligently and far from traditional frameworks, as the educational position that a professor creates during the lesson in the classroom must interact. The modern technological development imposes the development of educational systems, which calls for reorganizing the educational content and methods of teaching that depend on the participation of the learner instead of the methods that depend on his reception of information. Therefore, the study problem has emerged with the following question: Is there an effect of the (kwl) strategy on the achievement of the students of the department Art Education in Art Elements subject?
As the research sample, which was chosen randomly, consisted of students of the first stage / art education department, and the total number of students was (34) male and female students, and (15) male and female students were selected to conduct the experiment and to know the difficulties facing the application of the experiment and two students were excluded for their lack of attendance and absence from the application The experiment became the total number of the sample (17) male and female students. They were divided into two control and experimental groups, the experimental group was studied according to the educational strategy and the control group was studied according to the usual method, and the researcher prepared a research tool consisting of 22 questions an achievement test, and the validity and reliability of the test were verified by presenting it to a group of experts
The experiment was applied in the second semester of the academic year 2019-2020, and after data collection and statistical analysis, the result was the superiority of the experimental group over the control group as well as the superiority of females over males, and in light of the findings of the researcher, conclusions, recommendations and up proposals were drawn

The study aims to trace the recipient's understanding of Abdul Ghaffar al-Akhras' poetry, specifically in the overlapping of similes and metaphors, and the implications this understanding can lead to in the service of the text from my side: the poet's intent, and the recipient's understanding. We have divided the study into three sections: The first is linguistic interference, and it concerns the techniques inherent in language that allow such interferences to occur. As for the second, it is the employment overlap, which is concerned with the poet's ingenuity and his special uses through which he makes his contexts bear both directions. As for the third, it is the hermeneutic overlap, and it concerns the interpretations of the recipient, and what can be understood from the text, taking into account the different interpretations from one recipient to another.The study began with an introduction, then an introduction, and concluded with a brief summary of the most important results

The aim of this research is to know the level of employing Arabic language teachers in the first intermediate grade for technological innovations in light of the total quality standards in Baquba district
The research problem was identified in the following question: What is the level of employing Arabic language teachers in the intermediate stage of technological innovations in the light of total quality standards?
The following sub-questions emerged from this question:
- What are the most important technological innovations employed by teachers of Arabic language in the first grade intermediate.
- What are the most important standards of total quality employed by teachers of Arabic language in the first grade intermediate.
- Is the employment of Arabic language teachers in the first intermediate grade of the innovations of technology in the light of the standards of total quality according to the variables 0 sex, educational qualification and years of service).
In order to answer the research questions, the researcher built the study tools which are:
- Questionnaire // to identify the most important technological innovations and identify the most important standards of total quality employed by teachers.
- Observation card // To determine the level of teachers' employment of technological innovations in the light of quality standards, which the researcher applied.
To improve the tools of the study, the researcher prepared:
- A list of technological innovations through an exploratory study (interview with some principals) to identify the technological innovations available in schools.
- A list of total quality standards in the light of studies and research.
God grants success

In recent years, agricultural development has witnessed a significant decline in the production of the potato crop, due to the presence of many problems and obstacles that have affected the agricultural sector, the most important of which is neglect, which in turn affected large and large areas of arable land, as a result of many measures and policies followed by the government, including opening the door to import for agricultural commodities, as well as the failure to adopt a good and sustainable agricultural and water policy that ensures the efficiency of water use and the reduction of its waste through the use of modern irrigation techniques, which led to the emergence of a negative reflection on the development and modernization of the development of the agricultural sector, including the (potato) crop. On the concept of sustainable development and its importance in agricultural production, and the statement of the negative effects on the agricultural sector, and the detection of the possibility of developing and increasing the cultivation of the potato crop in the district of Baquba, and the measures to ensure the further development of this production in light of its available natural and human capabilities

The conclusion came with an introduction and three investigations included the introduction (problem and hypothesis and the goal of research and spatial boundaries of the study area) the first research addressed the geographical distribution of palm trees in Diyala province according to the districts showed through the research that the number of palms for the year 2021 reached (2505659) palm came the district of Meqdad In the first place in the number of palms and by (43.3%) while baquba district came in second place and by (24.7%) while al-Khalis district came in third place and 18.9% while Beledroz district came in fourth place With a percentage of 7.4 percent, the district of Khanaqin came in fifth place with 4 percent, and the latter with a 0.7 percent increase, while the production rate was also in first place, with 44.3 percent, followed by a penalty of 24.9 percent. Then al-Khalis district in third place and by (18.9) and in the fourth place the district of Beledroz and by (7.2%) while the district of Khanaqin ranked fifth and by (4%) and in the last place the district of Kfari by (0.7%) while the second research was discussed natural, human and life factors affecting On the production of ...

There has been growing interest in multimodal discourse analysis in different types of texts, yet some fields still need this type of analysis because there are gaps in the knowledge of how to analyze the linguistic and non-linguistic elements of discourse and the role of each of them in achieving their desired goals, which creates an urgent need to study and analyzing these elements to remove the aforementioned controversy, and among these texts are children\'s fictional films, the subject of this study.
The study is based on the hypothesis that children\'s film designers use both linguistic and non-linguistic elements, which play a complementary role to each other, but they depend mainly on non-linguistic elements. The study also assumes that the non-linguistic elements have a greater role in involving viewers, but the linguistic elements have a greater role in revealing the thoughts and orientations of the speaker.
To achieve the objectives of the study and prove the validity of its hypotheses, the study adopted two types of procedures: theoretical and practical. Theoretical procedures were represented by presenting a theoretical framework of multimodal discourse, which includes its origin, definition and principles. As for the practical procedures, The selected film has been analyzed in the light of selected model based on Fairclough (2001), and Kress and Van Leeuwen (2006).
Qualitative and quantitative research methods have been adopted in this study, where the qualitative analysis method is represented by the detailed analysis of each segment in the film, on the other hand, the quantitative analysis method consists in using statistical tables and numbers to discuss the frequency and percentages of linguistic and non-linguistic elements in the movie.
The results of analysis show that designers of children films’ construct the intended messages by using both linguistic and non-linguistic elements, but they tend to depend more on non -linguistic elements. The results also show that viewers are got involved into film mainly via non -linguistic elements especially camera angle and gaze, while the speakers tend to express their ideologies mainly via linguistic elements. These results verify the hypotheses adopted in the study.

Literature exists solely to reflect life and its varied happenings. From this perspective, the current research examines one of the most important subjects addressed by numerous authors, namely delusion and lost identity.
People no longer have a sense of belonging as a result of the massive changes that have affected society and individuals. The eighteenth century ushered in a slew of literary trends, many of which were concerned with identity, particularly how it was lost. The strong correlation between delusion and identity loss seems to be self-evident. because both phrases are the result of a variety of psychological issues. The novel that is presented in this research is primarily concerned with both terminology