University of Kirkuk Journal For Administrative and Economic Science

The research strive to determine the relationships and impact between the supply chain management practices which represented by the (strategic partnership with suppliers, customers relationship, level of information sharing, quality of shared information ,internal lean practices) and competitive advantage in zakho dairy factory, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher make suppositive model for research that reflect the nature of the relationships and impact between research variables and that lead to deriving a number of main and secondary hypotheses that tested by a set of statistical tools . This research depend on questionnaire as a main tool to collect data and information . (45) questionnaire distributed on the research sample which consist of factory manager , his vice, members of board of directors , and departments managers and supervisors on the production lines, (40) only good questionnaire has retrieve . The research reached to many conclusions and the most important of it: there is a significant effect and relationship between the supply chain management practices and competitive advantage in the factory under research, depending on the conclusions of the research, the research introduced a set of suggestions and the most important one is: increase the attention of the factory management under research by studying the future expectations of customers and finding techniques to meet their needs at the right time and place.
KeyWords: Supply Chain Management Practices, strategic partnership with suppliers, customers relationship, level of information sharing, quality of shared information , internal lean practices, Competitive Advantage.

The aim of this research is to present and analyze the pillars of Total Productive Maintenance and to measure their role in achieving Sustainable Competitive Advantages as these pillars are the key for the survival of contemporary organizations in the midst of increasing competition.Our choice of selecting Pioneer for manufacture of pharmaceuticals and medical supplies in Pioneer Co. for Pharmaceutical Industries in Sulaymaniyah as a study subject is influenced by the quality of its products and its need for achieving a thorough follow-up and accuracy in its Total Productive Maintenance to ensure the delivery of products of highest accuracy and quality in an industry that does not tolerate any percentage of non-conformity with the set standards because its products have direct effect on human life, The company is a pioneer in the pharmaceutical industry and medical supplies in Iraq.A questionnaire from was adopted as a main tool for collecting data and information related to the field part of
2020 ) مجلة جامعة كركوك للعلوم الإدارية والاقتصادية المجلد ) 10 ( العدد ) 1
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the study in addition to personal interviews and close observations of the work to expound the practical application of the main study variables investigated in the company. The results of the study reached a significant relation between the comprehensive productive maintenance measures and the sustainable competitive advantage strategies and the significant effect of the comprehensive productive maintenance measures in the sustainable competitive advantage strategies to demonstrate the role of comprehensive productive maintenance in achieving sustainable competitive strategies. The most important proposals were to emphasize the need to spread the culture of productive and comprehensive maintenance and the competitive advantage of sustainable workers as a tool to consolidate the work in their implementation.

The aim of this study is to identify the role of strategic intelligence management in enhancing the effectiveness of crisis management. The philosophy of its problem centered around a key question: Does strategic intelligence management play a role in enhancing the effectiveness of crisis management? The study was based on several hypotheses that assume that there are relationships and influence between strategic intelligence management and enhancing the effectiveness of crisis management. Al-Hamdania University in Nineveh governorate was chosen as a society for the application of the study and its staff. Of the study was composed of (56) respondents. The descriptive and analytical approach was used to complete the requirements. The questionnaire was used as a main tool in the collection of data and was analyzed by the Spss Ver-15 program. The study reached a number of conclusions, DONC strategic effectively and efficiently in enhancing the effectiveness of crisis management in organizations.

The study aims to identify the Allojcetk activities and the extent of the company surveyed its commitment to ensure the promotion of excellence strategy for the companyIt was developed hypotheses of the study achieve its purposes andorientations, and distributed (70) questionnaire on the staff of the General Company for Electrical Industries / Diyala form, was hypotheses were tested using correlation analysis and contrast for the diagnosis of correlation and impact between the researched variables, and the study found a set of conclusions, most notably .Check the existence of a significant positive impact to the variablesoflogistics activities in the dimensions of Excellence strategy in the company researched 0, as well as providing a set of proposals, including:Increase the interest of the company surveyed logistics activities and dimensions of excellence due to their role in achieving the competitive advantage of the company's strategy.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between government debt and economic growth in Morocco and Tunisia, as they are one of the emerging economies that trying to achieve economic development goals. In order to achieve the research goal, theoretically relationship between economic growth and government debt have been discussed according to economic literature. As well, the research relied on standard analysis in the relationship between economic growth and central government debt in morocco and Tunisia for the period (1990-2016). Unit root tests have been used to confirm the level of stability of time series. And then estimate the regression equation, in which indebtedness, investment, population growth and exports represented independent variables, While the natural logarithm of GDP at constant prices of the national currency represents economic growth. Results show that the government debt has a negative effect on economic growth in morocco, due to government activity struggles private sector in order to finance and investment opportunities. The effect of population growth was also significant, with a negative sign in the case of Morocco, while the other variables in the model did not show any significant relationship Also, For Tunisia, the estimation of the regression function did not show a significant effect of the indebtedness in the growth. The investment variable was significant in relation to the economic growth, which carried a positive correlation with the economic theory. Population growth and exports were not statistically significant.
Keywords: Government debt, Economic growth, Investment.

Foreign direct investment companies aim to achieve better investment opportunities in developing countries with limited financial resources and in such a way as to increase the value of their manufactured exports and rapid growth rates on the basis of expanding productive capacities based on the growth in the rate of foreign investment produced for this type of exports. Our study was based on the hypothesis that foreign direct investment contributes to raising the growth rate of manufactured exports in developing countries. A number of these countries were selected, including Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Jordan, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia and Pakistan, And it was based on time series data in the interpretation of the phenomenon under study, and in this study was reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which:
- Foreign direct investment (FDI) is one of the most important means by which the value of manufactured exports is increased in the sample countries.
The main recommendations are:
- Adopting rational macroeconomic policies that attract as many foreign direct investment companies as possible to the sample countries.

Like many countries, industrialized and developing, one of the most fundamental objectives of macroeconomic policies is sustain high economic growth together with low inflation. The main objective of this research is to explain the causes of inflation in Iraq during 2003-2013. The analytical framework views inflation as responding to disequilibria in the internal and external sectors of the economy, In the Application process, there are two analyses were undertaken, First the time series properties in short and long run. Second, identify the directional of causal relationship between inflation and its determent. The conclusion suggests that the internal factors are more effective than external factors upon inflation and inflation rates Granger-cause economic growth.

The study aimed to determine the effect of credit risk on the profits of banks in Iraq Where the descriptive approach and the analytical approach were followed to find that effect through the use of data for eight banks. The study found that the higher credit risk of banks, the greater the provision for doubtful debts, Which affects the earnings per share, The size of the capital is the protective barrier to investments, so the profit will increase when the credit become higher, Therefore, the fear of high risks requires extensive studies, and the results reached by using the rate of return on capital as one of the profitability indicators show that the North Bank has the highest profits; Followed by the Credit Bank of Iraq as a result of the increase in their profits, Which shows that they follow a flexible policy during their lending policies with customers in a sequential manner, It is also when the Provisions became high Doubtful debts, In the United Bank, whose profit index (0.17) and the North Bank (0.24) led to a reduction in risk in a striking part, but this reflected on its profitability as it reduced the level of profits directly

Audit and tax examination getting an active role in creating awareness and understanding by taxpayers for the application process self assessment system this is done by the tax administration seeking to promote tax compliance factors among of individuals taxpayers where previous studies have shown the importance of applying self assessment system for stock companies in this research the focus is on the assigns to pay tax of individuals and companies this was done through asurvey on(100) of taxpayers individual and companies and auditors and tax services workers and academics to know the understanding and awareness of taxpayers to acceptance self assessment system compared to traditional system applied currently.the survey result showed welcome taxpayers to apply self assessment system and recognize its importance in simplifying procedures despite the willingness of taxpayers to apply self assessment system that most don’t know the responsibilities that they have under application of this system as well as not knowing how to calculate their tax but mostly interested in learning more about self assessment system. And the study found there is ignorance and misunderstanding of the tax laws and regulations on this basis nominated recommendations to increase tax awareness programs by the tax administration to ensure increased knowledge taxpayers of requirements of self assessment system application and the resulting of the rights and duties as well as increasing the knowledge of audit procedures and tax examination by the tax administration that have a positive impact in achieving the voluntary compliance by taxpayers to apply self recognition system. This topic will be addressed in the theoretical and practical aspects theoretical aspect includes reviewing ideas was referred above whil the practical aspect includes identifying from distributed to selected categories of parties to tax accounting process as well as a number of academics accountants and auditors professionals in tax scope and the research will resulting to several conclusions and put the appropriate recommendations for it

In this research dealing with pollution in multivariate data used in the analysis path through the purification by an algorithm proposed based on multivariate wavelets (Daubechies, bior and rbio) and soft thresholding and estimate of level in a way (Minimax) and then compare them with the results path analysis before dealing with pollution through the practical application of analyzing the causes of a problem water pollution in the Kurdistan region, concluded research on the proposed algorithm is efficient compared with the classical method depending on the MATLAB language and program (SPSS) with (Amos).

Robust Regression Estimators Study "By using Simulation Study"
The idea of the research is to find robust estimator for linear regression model in the case of presence of outliers value that make traditional methods like OLS sensitive towards outliers and non resistance, an estimation methods are used traditional method OLS and robust method M,MM,S,R,LTS,LMS ,GM we find that OLS,M,MM methods has breakdown point zero were other robust methods has 0.5 breakdown point which is R,S,LTS,LMS,GM and there variance not high and minimum MSE were the best to use them in the stat of outliers for all size of samples.

In this search we wanted to study the factorial experiments in order to test the significance of the effects of the main factors and the interaction between the levels of the factors at the same time , the test of the effects of significant of factors and interactions is by analysis of variance (ANOVA) requires that the experimental data meet the requirements of the variance analysis, but if the data does not meet the variance requirement, the heterogeneity requirement (one of the conditions or assumptions of the variance analysis) we obtained inaccurate and unreliable results, so it resorting to methods or other methods to reduce falling into this error and that give accurate results for this case are the methods nonparametric there are several nonparametric methods to analysis factorial experiment data: (Puri And Sen, Inverse Normal Transformation (INT) and Van Der Waerden) and applied to real data of the experiment obtained from the college of Veterinary Medicine University of Baghdad, where after testing data we found It suffers from the problem of heterogeneity .Then it found that the applying the non-parametric methods, the significant for some effects was obtained.