Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences

This study was conducted in the east part of Karbala/ Iraq to determine
the effect of levels of organic manure and nano zinc oxide on
the traits sunflower crop. The number of days from planting to 50%
flowering, plant hight, number of days form planting to maturation,
leaf area, number of leaves, leaves chlorophyll content and disk diameter
for sunflower were inspected. The split-split plots were used
according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replicates. The treatments of nano ZnO control and nano ZnO
occupied the main plots (put here amount of Nano), while the organic
manure control (50, 150 and 300 Kg.ha-1) NPK, the poultry manure
15 ton.ha-1. the sheep manure 15 ton ha-1 and 1/2 amount of poultry
manure and 1/2 amount the sheep manure occupied sub plots, while
the bio-fertilization treatments (0, Mychorriza, Azospirillum (put
here amount of biofertilizer) and 1/2 amount Mychorriza and 1/2
amount Azospirillum) were occupied sub-sub-plots. The results
showed the following the superiority of bio-fertilizer significantly in
the traits of the number of days from planting to 50% flowering,
plant height, number of days form planting to maturation, leaf area,
number of leaves, leaves chlorophyll content and disk diameter. The
treatment Mychorriza (C1) was excelled by giving in the lowest average
for number days for 50% flowering recorded 72.1 and 60.0
days for both season respectively and number days to maturation the
plants treated with the Mychorriza recorded 101.6 days for spring
season and the plants treated with Azospirillum recorded 91.7 days
for autumn. However, the plants of control treatment (C0) gave the
highest average of 50 % flowering and maturation period while the
plants treated with the Mychorriza + Azospirillum was excelled by
giving the highest average for plant height recorded (171.1 , 141.1)
cm for two seasons respectively. Also, the highest average of leaves
area recorded (8927 cm2 for autumn season the plant treated with the Mychorriza was excelled giving the leaves chlorophyll content and
highest average number of leaves the highest average recorder (50.5 ,
52.43) SPAD unit and (15.37 , 17.9) leaves. Plants were treated with
the (B1) showed the best average recorded (69.7 , 59.9) days, (176.8 ,
144.3) cm, (8426 , 11640) cm2, (52.46 , 54.46 ) SPAD unit and
(16.9 , 19.21) leaves for the treat flowering beard, plant height,
leaves area, leaves chlorophyll content and number of leaves foe both
season respectively. On the other hand, the plant treated with the B2
was topped by providing the lowest average of the maturation period
recorded (99.00 , 98.88) days for both season respectively. The plant
treated with the nanoZnO supplied in the lowest average of flowering
and maturation period. However, it presented the highest average of
plant height, leaves area, leaves chlorophyll content, number of
leaves of plant and disk diameter recorded (72.8 , 58.9) days, (103 ,
89.95) days, (168.1 , 144.1) cm, (6259 , 8682) cm2, (50.1 , 52.35)
SPAD unit, (15.9 , 17.82) leaf and (17.6 , 22.67) cm for two seasons
respectively. As well as be and triple interaction (put the triple treatment
here) was significantly affected on some traits in the both on
alone of seasons.

Reproductive traits can affect the hematological profile of ewes.
Blood parameters changed in relation to the reproductive status of an
animal. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the possibility of an
association between the litter sizes with hematological parameters in
Iraqi Awassi ewes. A total of 224 sexually mature ewes (nonpregnant,
non-lactation) and healthy (124 ewes with single birth and
100 ewes with twin birth), aged between 2.5 to 5 years were included
in this study. Blood samples were collected from the sheep. Samples
were immediately transferred to the laboratory for a hematological
examination. Results of the current study revealed some hematological
changes between ewes according to litter size. The numbers of
erythrocytes, Hb and PCV% were higher in Awassi ewes with twin
birth (8.106 ×106/μl), (9.863 ± 0.302 μl) and (29.623 %) respectively
than ewes with a single birth. According to the leukocyte constituents,
the Awassi ewes with twin birth showed higher lymphocyte and
lymphocyte % than ewes with a single birth. The highest and strongly
positive correlation (P < 0.01) was recorded among litter size with
RBC (r=0.315, P=0.003), PCV (r=0.310, P=0.003) and lymphocytes
% (r=0.366, P=0.002). In conclusion, significant differences in hematological
(P < 0.01) parameters were recorded between Awassi ewes
according to the type of birth. A significant increase of RBC number,
PCV and lymphocyte %, were determined in Awassi ewes with twin
birth. Blood parameters can be used as good indicators of inference
to a litter size of Awassi ewes.

Birth type is the most important reproductive trait in sheep production,
which is influenced by the ovulation rate, hormones, and fecundity
genes. Ewe reproductive performance is known to be affected by
body measurements. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the
possibility of an association between the litter size with sex hormones
and body measurements in Iraqi Awassi ewes. A total of 224
sexually mature ewes, non-pregnant, non-lactation and healthy (124
ewes with single birth and 100 ewes with twin birth), aged between
2.5 to 5 years were included in the present study. Blood samples
were collected from the sheep, and then the serum was separated
from blood to determine the concentrations of the estradiol and progesterone.
Body measurements and Live body weight were determined
for each ewe. The result of this study refers that the live body
weight of Awassi ewes was significantly (P<0.05) influenced in the
litter size. The association analysis of litter size with body measurements
indicated that chest girth, the neck length and height at the hip
were different for the type of birth of Awassi ewes. The highest positive
correlation (P < 0.01) was recorded among litter size with live
body weight (r=0.698, P=0.001), with height at shoulder (r=0.242,
P=0.031) and height at hip (r=0.309, P=0.005).In conclusion, the litter
size of Awassi ewes is influenced by the other phenotypic traits.
The ewes with heavier live body weight and higher body measurements
are more favourable to having more lambs than ewes with a
single birth.

This study was conducted at the poultry farm for the department of
Allatefya Researches, Agricultural and biological researches directorate,
ministry of sciences and technology, during the period from
20/8/2019 to 28/12/2019. This study aimed to investigate the effect
add three concentration of licorice with drinking water in some semen’s
characteristics for local Iraqi black turkey males. A total of 36
local Iraqi turkey males 44 weeks old were used in this study. The
turkey males were randomly distributed on 4 treatments which consisted
of 9 birds to each. Birds were fed during the experimental period
on diet containing 2950 Kcal metabolic energy/kg and 18 %
crude protein/ kg. Three levels of licorice extract were added with
drinking water 5g, 10g, and 15g to treatments T2, T3 and T4 respectively.
While T1 treatment stays without any addition as the control
group. The birds were reared in ground pens during this study. Semen
collection by using abdominal massage procedure after ganders
trained for two weeks to give semen. The investigated characteristics
were ejaculate volume, individual motility, mass motility, sperm
concentrations, percentage of dead spermatozoa, deformation spermatozoa
ratio and spermatocrit. Results revealed that T4 (15 g per litre)
recorded highest values in all traits except in deformation spermatozoa
ratio as compared with other treatments (T1, T2 and T3) in
most of all experimental period. On the other hand T3 (10 g per litre)
achieved high significant effect compared with T2 (5 g per litre) and
T1 (0 g per litre), whereas T1 recorded lowest values during all experimental
period. However, the overall means of all traits achieved
the same trend of treatments effect. While deformation spermatozoa
ratio trait had no significant effects recorded from licorice extract addition
to this study

The present study was carried out for examining the alterations of total
chlorophyll and antioxidants contents (carotenoids, phenols and
proline), on two species of palm seedlings, Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera
L.) and Washingtonian palm (Washingtonia filifera induced
by exposure to UV-B radiations at different periods (2,4,8 and 10
hrs/day). Results showed that the 30 days of UV-B treatment for 2
and 4 hrs./ day caused significantly increased in total chlorophyll
contents of both palm seedling species. While the lowest contents of
chlorophyll were obtained in plants grown under UV-B radiation
stress for 10 hrs./day. On the contrary, the highest value of carotenoids
content was recorded after 8 hrs./day of treatment with UV,
then it reduced after treated with 10 hrs./day. Similarly, the content
of total phenol and proline showed significantly increased with increasing
time of UV-B exposed in both species. The study also revealed
a significant difference between two palm species in terms of
tolerance to UV-B, where it was found that the Date palm (Phoenix
dactylifera L.) seedlings were more resistance to such radiation than
(Washingtonia filifera ).