Al-Zahraa Journal for Health and Medical Sciences

A cross-sectional study was conducted by examining the stool samples of 63 patients (35 females and 28 males) from 184 patients, from those who had been admitted to a private laboratory in AL-Nahrwan district /Baghdad between ( 5/2020 -8/2020 ). only 63 (34.2%) had been detected as a positive cases, just two cases of 63 had two kinds of infection, the 63 positive cases distributed as 42 (66.6%) by GSE, rapid test 9 (14.2%), agreement between the two tests in 7 samples (11%) and disagreement in 5 (7.9% of patients.). Most infections located at age less than 10 years in both sexes, since19 (67.8%) for males and 20 (57%) for females, then declined for the other ages, the GSE detected high positive cases (42/63, 66.6%), rapid test 9/63 (14.2%), while the agreement and disagreement between the two tests were 7/63 (11.1%) and 5/63 (7.9%) respectively for all ages and both sexes. the highest protozoan infection was for Entamoeba (30/58 , 51.7%) , for Giardia and Cryptosporidium were (25/58 , 43%) ,(2/58, 3.4%) respectively either detected GSE or by rapid test .The sensitivity and specificity of GSE ( 72.4%,27.5%), rapid test (15.5%,84.4%), and the agreement between the two tests (12%, 87.9%).

Computational simulation of five new naproxen analogues bearing 1,2,4-triazole moiety was carried out to evaluate their binding affinities and target the ovarian cancer cells where the topoisomerase I enzyme has been over-expressed. This enzyme was obtained from (PDB code:1K4T). The chemical structure of the molecules was accurately drawn using ChemDraw Professional 12.0 software. The affinity of the designed analogues was checked using Molecular Operating Environment software by calculating the S score and Rmsd. The designed analogues showed good binding interactions with the receptor active site and had a promising activity with these proteins. Va, Vd, Ve yielded the highest S scores.

This paper investigates how the various educational stages can affect the electronic grading of achievement tests from the viewpoints of science female teachers. To this end, seventy-five female teachers of science affiliated with Karbala schools, Iraq, were selected, and then put into three subgroups (25 teachers each). Drawing on descriptive methodology, a 15-item questionnaire has been designed to analyze the data. The results of data analysis were processed using SPSS and a one-way ANOVA. The results show that the F-computed value hit 5.35, while F-tabulated value hit 3.03. Additionally, dif-ferences have been found in the results of the three subgroups following the computation of Tuk-ey-value, and the comparison of that value with the mean total of these subgroups to find the most impactful subgroup. The paper, also, finds certain differences in the mean results of both primary and preparatory education were the highest of all the subgroups, having reached 16.76 compared to Tukey calculated value which is 12.24. Primary education subgroup, therefore, has made the biggest impact on the other two non-primary subgroups. This paper, accordingly, recommends electronic grading in both intermediate and post-intermediate, but not primary, levels.Keywords: Electronic grading, Tests, Educational levels, Assessment, Achievement, Effect, Teachers' viewpoints.

Migraine is one of the most common, life-disabling types of headaches. It receives special
attention in therapeutic research aimed at identifying the most appropriate treatment. This study
compares the efficacy of oral topiramate and Botox injections in the management of chronic migraine.
It included 215 patients, the average age was 33.3±9.3, 73.49% of them were females, treated
in several centers (Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia), over a period of five years from January 1, 2019
to January 1, 2024.
Improvement rates were very close, Botox group showed a slight superiority in reducing the
frequency of attacks (p value =0.0001), while regarding to the severity and duration of attacks, there
was a slight preponderance of improvement in topiramate group (P value = 0.0001) and (P value = 0.
001) in a row. Only about a third of the study patients (35.35%) rely on Botox injections, the majority
of whom were female (72%).

This investigation aimed to evaluate the quality of specific cetirizine HCL products available in pharmacies in Iraq. Various measures can ensure their quality and efficacy, such as utilizing quality control metrics, specifically the variability of weight, friability, content, disintegration time, and release. Allercet, Allereset, Ceritec, and Cetirizine-Ozon were categorized according to their weight range. Depending on the formulation, the disintegration time for Allercet, Allereset, Ceritec, and Cetrizine-Ozon was 4.5, 5.5, 6, and 12 minutes, respectively. All products had released more than 80% of their content after 30 minutes, and the content homogeneity was within the limit. The disintegration rate of Allercet was the quickest, whereas that of Cetrizine-Ozon was the slowest. Moreover, Allercet tablets revealed the quickest disintegration and release 81% after 10 min and may exhibit the quickest response after administration. The results indicated that all products met the specified requirements of the United States and British Pharmacopeia. However the best brand was Allercet which had the fastest release (81% after 10 minutes) and the least disintegration time.

The well-being of the mother and her baby can be influenced by the quality of the care received during pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. It’s crucial to ascertain the quality of healthcare to improve it. Therefore, utilizing a maternity dashboard is vital to measure Quality indicators (QIs), and improve and ensure high-quality care. Objectives: To identify and determine effective QIs for developing a maternity dashboard. Methods: In this prospective observational study, employed a framework organized by implementing the Dashboard (MDB) design, data collection, and implementation. Using a mixed methods evaluation synthesized evidence from study documentation, standard operating procedures, stakeholder meetings, and design workshops, from January 1 to November 30 in the Obstetric and Gynecologic Teaching Hospital in Kerbala. Results: 1 year before compared with 1 year after implementation, the audit and feedback program were associated with statistically significant decreases (p <0.05, mean and SD) in the rates of stillbirth (from 16±5 to 12±3) respectively, significant decreases in NICU admission (from 96±14 to 71±17) respectively, also significant decreases in END (from 12±5 to 9±3) respectively. Conclusion: Maternity dashboards are vital instruments for delivering effective maternity care. These dashboards can provide valuable and practical information through QIs, which serve to evaluate performance.

Because of the considerable breakthroughs that have been made in nanotechnology over the course of the last few decades, it has found widespread use in the treatment of eye problems. In order to successfully overcome the constraints of the technologies that are currently used to provide medications to the eye, nano-delivery devices have been developed. These systems have a lot of positive qualities, including biocompatibility, stability, effectiveness, and a lower risk of adverse reactions. For use in ophthalmic applications, nanoparticles have been acknowledged as a highly successful and, for the most part, non-toxic drug delivery method. Within the scope of this review, a complete investigation into the sophisticated application of nanoparticles in the delivery of medications to the eyes is presented. Moreover, it explains the many kinds of nanoparticles that are utilized.

In this work, avocado peel extract was used as a capping and reducing agent for preparing CdS nanoparticles. UV-Vis spectrophotometry was used to study the absorbance and to found the optimal conditions for formation CdS nanoparticles. The band gap was found to be 3.25 eV, suggesting the effect of quantum size. The XRD pattern explain that the as-formation CdS particles are crystalline with cubic phase. FESEM images explain that the nanoparticles have spherical shape with an average size of 22 nm. The optical properties of CdS NPs such as the coefficient of absorption, refraction, and diffraction were calculated using mathematical equations.

The main point in COV-2 infection could be depletion of natural antiviral defenses, as well as the elevated cytokines secretion. IFN disruption is a crucial factor in COVID-19 pathology, according to recent research. The goal of this research was to elucidate interferon-alpha concentration, as well as to examine its association with COVID-19 severity. This case-control research included eighty-five subjects (fifty patients with SARS-CoV-2 and thirty-five controls) with age range (18-77) years old. The oral hygiene index was used to determine oral health. The levels of IFN- were measured in serum using an ELISA. This study showed decrease (P˂0.03) in IFN-alpha among patients compared to controls. Also, a highly considerable difference (p˂0.001) in IFN-alpha concentration among patients’ groupings, with no significant difference between the moderate and mild groups. Furthermore, there was no significant variation in interferon-alpha levels between good oral hygiene and those with poor oral hygiene (p=0.35). A Significant decrease in interferon-alpha among patients provides evidence of inappropriate immune response in patients, and the association of low interferon-alpha with the severity of disease indicated that this cytokine can be utilized as biomarkers of disease activity.