Contemporary Islamic Studies Magazine

God’s justice, Glory be to Him, was manifested in the people with whom He preserved the earth، and they are the prophets and their guardians (peace be upon him)، and among them is the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)، in whom justice was embodied in thought، method and behavior، and he was rightfully the pioneer of human justice، whom we have no parallel in history. He considered it an integrated human civilized project - rich images of justice embodied in hadiths، sayings and commandments.
And the images of justice were embodied in the blessed covenant directed by the Commander of the Faithful to the great companion Malik al-Ashtar (may God be pleased with him)، that era that included among its spectrum the commandments that were represented in multiple colors and different forms of justice، which included under its rule the ruler، qualifier، caliph، judge and the like، and the governed that accommodates all classes of society
The truth is that the honorable era is a humane document that preserves the rights of the ruler and the ruled، and regulates the duties of all in a way that ensures that the society in a society is a safe and happy society.

The Holy Qur’an is distinguished by its greatness and that it is the eternal miracle on which Islam was based. Thus, it became the focus of the studies of orientalists among the thinkers who raised suspicions about the Qur’an from the reasons for the revelation, codification and collection of the verses of the Holy Qur’an in one book. Their investigative studies and fair and unfair scientific research began in this field. This is what we studied in our research

The term “association” in and of itself is one of the common expressions that have more than one meaning and release, including its launch on the verbal and moral joint, and among them: its launch on the basis of the association of the infidels with Muslims in the branches, and among them: its launch on the specific basis of the sharing of rulings between the scholar and the ignorant, and what is meant in the denominator It is neither this nor that, but rather the general release of participation, meaning: the participation of all those charged with Islamic rulings, and participation is one of the legal methods that the fundamentalists and jurists considered as an indispensable graphic template in deriving legal rulings, and its limits are the length and breadth of the chapters of jurisprudence from purity to blood money, and hardly an issue is devoid of Inferred by it, and it was popularized on their tongues under the title of authenticity or the rule of participation.

Ascetics is one of the notions whose understanding and interpretation differed among scholars, both early and late, so they interpreted it by leaving the world and turning away from it, and they said that it is coming to the world with moderation and wisdom and not being attached to it in the heart. Muhammad al-Kufi, known as (Master of Preservation) one of the scholars of the second and third centuries (159-235)AH has devoted separate book to him, which he called Kitab al-Zuhd, which contains(1506) The aim of this research is the interest of Al-Hafiz Abu Yakar in asceticism through his presentation of the biography of the Prophet(peace be upon him), the companions, the followers, and their followers, with words to them in the historical sequence and with the chains of the Sunnis, where he shows their strong faith in God and their diligence in worship, remembrance of God and glorifying Him night and day, secretly and openly, and their love for knowledge. Learning, seeking sustenance, and spending on the children to the extent sufficient for their living, so that they abstain from asking and not attaching themselves to the world al- Hafiz quoted in the biography of the Prophet Muhammad. The one who used to starve and was not satisfied was not out of poverty, rather he was an ascetic who devoutly left the world of his own free will in order to obtain satisfaction and divine nearness, as it was reported from him in the Workbook, and al-Hafiz mentioned that the Prophet used to pray to God for richness and abundance of money for good deeds He used to wear the best clothes without extravagance or imagination, and he accepted gifts and hospitality from everyone. He loved perfume and bought it at the highest prices because he (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him) was the most ascetic, and to clarify Ibn Abi Shaybah’s view of asceticism with the evidence of his hadiths, which the researcher dealt with in this article. In this research, the researcher relied on the inductive and descriptive approach. Analytical, the research included an introduction followed by four demands and ends with the most important findings reached by the researcher.

The Noble Book of God sits on the hearts of a nation that believed in it after disbelief and pursued its paths after misguidance and took its teachings and prohibitions after arrogance، but this taking was marred by some difficulties because the Noble Qur’an is a book that collects the laws and rulings and includes a lot of arbitrator، problem، copyist، and abrogation، which prompted Muslims to follow its features And its meanings from the people of infallibility، the metal of the message، the source and the mouth of faith، so they took from them and followed their paths and followed what their pens had planned، and they took from them after the absence of the rest of God، his paths of saying and methods of interpretation، one of which was the objective interpretation.
The researcher here will try to trace this exegetical method of origin and type، and then study it among the Imami scholars in particular، in order to find out the exegetical methodology that they followed by studying the concept of objective interpretation and its importance، then mention the types of objective interpretation and the difference between it and the ordinal، concluding by explaining the role of Imami scholars in exegesis The objective، which is the focus of the research، with citing some explanatory applications in objective interpretation..

The enemies of Islam have been accustomed since ancient times to question the Holy Qur’an and the purified Sunnah of the Prophet, and to challenge the message of Islam under various allegations and claims, and among these claims is the claim that the Holy Qur’an is sufficient for it, and to deny the purified Prophet’s Sunnah in life and legislation, and this idea is old, it appeared for the first time in ages The first Islamic movement under the name of denying the authenticity of the Sunnah of the Prophet, and in the modern era and with the support of colonialism and the British, a shift occurred in the course of this idea, and it became a sect under the name of the people of the Qur’an, and the Qur’anists, and the goal of this sect was to strike Islam at its specific source, and to cast doubt on the authoritative Sunnah of the Prophet, and this idea reached To the Kurdish community, and it has secured a foothold for itself, and from this standpoint, this research comes to shed light on the attempts, goals, and ways of this sect in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, through four topics. The modern era, and the third topic, the intellectual foundations of the movement of the people of the Qur’an and the justifications on which they rely, and the fourth topic, the Qur’anic movement in Kurdistan.

Since ancient times، scholars have been interested in the noble hadiths issued by the Al- Masumen ((peace on them)) and the historical events that: I transmitted them.
Which called on scholars to make unremitting efforts to address the problem of the narrator and his transmission، hence the most important and major role of the science of narrators، which is concerned with how to deal with the narrators of hadith who conveyed this heritage in its language and fat، so they put in place comprehensive buildings to distinguish the considered narrations from others.
Among the most important of these buildings: the trust building and the trust building، and the last of the men's scholars is the master of the sect، Sayyid al-Khoei، who believes in devotion to the trust building and that it is taken in an objective way، until the martyr Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr، who is known and famous for his innovative views and innovations in various sciences such as philosophy، principles and economics، came. In the science of men، where he came up with a theory that combines the sayings of the early and latecomers by portraying an important joke، which is: that the martyr Sayyid says in the building of trust، but not in an objective way، but rather in the way، i. Saudi.

As the universal tacit knowledge and its shade seem of a highly crucial locus in the science of fundamentals، in this regard، the fundamentalists tackle its truth and its mentally-triggered decision to fathom its entity or its evidences، or pathways to adhere to and its pillars. Therefore، the research study falls within the remit of:
Section One: Truth of the universal tacit knowledge
Section Two: Mentally-triggered decision of the universal tacit knowledge
Section Three: Pillars of the universal tacit knowledge
For the Mukalif، duty of Allah worshiper-practicing، such a study is crucial from the practical perspective for having a sense of applicability. That is why scientists run into controversy over it: its meaning، truth and application. Such is to be manifested in the details of the current project whose findings a mujtahid، one with knowledgeability of Glorious Quran، scrutinizes to disclaim the legal responsibility of Mukalifs.
Mentally-Triggered Decision: In Arabic it designates “ Munjazya” that refers to a mental decision to trigger an act

The research summarizes that adultery is forbidden by the Holly Quran, the Sunnah, and unanimous consensus because it is a major sin, and that it is a great moral and obscene crime, which leads to the spread of vice and corruption of society, and eliminates social, health and economic security , so it must be established as soon as it is proven with the imam or the legitimate ruler, in addition to examining the purposes that Islamic law was keen to achieve, such as preserving religion, lineage, lineage, protecting virtue, protecting the individual and the group from diseases and epidemics, and removing shame from the adulterer and his family. .., All of this is based on the inductive analytical method, and through it results were reached, including that the legislation and establishment of border that protects society and protects it from the tyranny of corruption, provided that it is proven by legal means before the ruler, and after achieving psychological refinement and social solidarity materially and morally, And that Islam did not legitimize suppression , and it did not eliminate the desires that permeate the soul, but rather it rationalized them, and made for them a clean channel through which they flow, the believer moves his lust for the good that God has allowed.

The term objective interpretation is one of the modern concepts, and scholars and researchers dealt with it theorizing in order to mature its issues, and it is no secret that the conceptual aspect of the concept of objective interpretation takes precedence over its issues. The objective and complex interpretation of several procedures; The researcher's product emerged between descriptive narrative formulations that graduated from the definition control and between approaches that try to reconcile and harmonize. It is necessary to rely on the logical totality that expresses the essence of the term and draws its features in a formulation that reduces the narrative description, and this is what the research aspires to.

The research attempts to highlight the semantic and stylistic values in some members of the Holy Qur'an and its units of vocabulary that were not repeated except for different meanings, or that were not repeated in the Qur'anic employment. The research aims to clarify the concept of Quranic individuals, including examples taken from Ibn Faris' treatise "Individuals of the Words of the Holy Book"; to be the subject of analysis and interpretation as it should be of indications. The research reviews the effect of its singularity in the wise remembrance, and the extent to which it was achieved by joining other neighboring words within the limits of the intended meaning of its use. This research attempt reveals a new facet of the miracles of the Holy Qur’an, except for those that the nation’s scholars agreed upon in their books, in terms of rhetoric, linguistic, rhetorical, and rhetorical aspects.

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds, and blessings and peace upon the best creation of Allah, Muhammad, and upon his pure and righteous family and companions, and upon those who follow their guidance until the Day of Judgment.
The Quran, the eloquent speech, and the clear Arabic language, a creation born in the sanctity of the Kaaba, a fighter against the deviants and the violators, the victorious leader of the nation, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him), spoke with eloquence, wisdom, and justice. He described and portrayed magnificently in a profound sermon that resembled a polished gem in its portrayal of the Lord and in its response to His enemies. The researchers chose this sermon as the focus of their study titled "Linguistic Arguments in the Striking Sermon of Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him)".
In this study, they attempted to trace the linguistic arguments by identifying the significant linguistic tools contained within the sermon and understanding the role of these tools in enriching the sermon with the necessary argumentative aspects for effective persuasion.
The study revolved around the argumentative factors, connections, and structures, organized into three sections and concluded with key results. Among the notable findings were the eloquent argumentative structures, strategically placed in the sermon as if they were lightning bolts of words striking the minds of the listeners. Each subsequent argument reinforced the previous one, leading to a powerful conclusion that resonated deeply with the audience, subtly guiding them along the intended path of conviction.
The study also included a list of important sources and references, with the book "Nahj al-Balagha" serving as the main foundation for the research.

Change and creativity are an urgent need of life, and it is one of the ways of its continuation. Because change means that life is continuous and renewed.
Just as change, change, creativity and renewal exist in life as a whole, so change, , creativity and renewal are in the sciences and their methods. In this chapter, light is shed on the changing and new methods of interpretation, and we will see how innovation in this field has been an urgent requirement through centuries of continuity of the process of interpretation.
Interpretation methods require renewal as human situations, subject to the year of change, but interpretation is an exception to the fate of the annihilation of civilizations; This is because it is related to the Noble Qur’an, and the Qur’an is absolute, fixed, and does not change and does not fade, and the Qur’an is the founding text of the Islamic culture, which God has pledged to preserve in the clear Arabic language; For this reason, renewal and change, and the continuation of creation and creativity in the methods of interpretation, have been a steady and necessary year in the course of Islamic civilization.

Language has been considered one of the most important effective means of communication since ancient times. It is the magic gateway that contains sounds and written forms that express meanings that cannot be reached except by using language, which in turn is used for other purposes through linguistic communication and construction that expresses a clear idea that is close to understanding and acceptance in the mind. Among these goals are It is persuasion. It is not enough for the speaker of the language to communicate his idea sometimes, but rather he intends to consolidate it in the mind of the recipient and ensure that he accepts it and that he adopts the content and his desire to act on the idea or follow the direction that the speaker of the language seeks to make him believe in and move toward. To him, we can say that this goal is called the goal of persuasion, and it is one of the most prominent goals that the sender of linguistic words seeks to achieve through the linguistic discourse that comes from him. Linguistic persuasion can be achieved through the use of linguistic and rhetorical methods that work to deepen the idea in the minds of the recipient and provide full acceptance of the optimal choice of words. The speaker's point of view.

This research seeks to study and clarify the concept of what is diptote indeclinable, which is one of the important chapters of grammar in which there is no shortage of grammar books. Rather, some scholars have devoted a book of its own, such as the one we find with Abu Ishaq. In the sections of Arabic speech, it is included in the noun and the verb, as it is included in the letter in the manner that we find in the cut-off letters of the names of the verses, and these differences may lead to the diptote indeclinable or the prevention of spending, and because of the importance of this topic we chose this title to write in it and studied it in The Noble Qur’an, especially in verse al-Ma’idah and al-An'am, and the research began with presenting the term al-'almiyyah, al-'Ajmah, al-'Ilmiyyah and feminine gender.

Through the period covering from its founding in 498 AH to the eighth century AH, the city of Hilla witnessed the emergence of many scholars and geniuses such as Ibn Idris Al-Hilli, Ibn Nama Al-Hilli, Al-Muhaqqiq and Al-Allamah Al-Hilli, as well as Al-Tawos, Ali bin Al-Mutahhar Al-Hilli and others. These scholars provided great services in the field of jurisprudence, intellectual and ideological sciences. And the origins and history of the Imams of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) and they compiled for this purpose thousands of books and volumes, and among the things that their works focused on was the issue of Imam Mahdi (peace be upon them) and in all its details, as he is the only living Imam, and also he is the last and awaited Imam of the Imams of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). And on whom there hopes of the whole world rest, from Adam and below, that he may fill it with justice and equity just as it was filled with injustice and oppression

The research aims to clarify the status of Aban bin Tghlab in the classifications and writings of Ahl al sunnah from the authentication and lack thereof in terms of studying the life of Iban bin Tghhib and then explain his scholarly position in terms of his sheikhs and acquaintances as well as his authorization and after that he mentioned his age in the scientiflc aspect as mall as the statement of Iban bin Tghlib with the Sunnis Regarding his reliability.

The research aims to the disclosure of the argumentative of the figure thought in the Encyclopedia of the signatures of Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) by Muhammad Taqi Akbar due to the sermons aimed at changing an existing situation by argument and persuasion through the use of argumentative rhetorical mechanisms that have a significant impact on influencing the psyche of the recipient and pushing him to word a specific action.
It has an important in shaping the discourse to attract the recipient and sway his mind and feeling to words the suggestive and expressive image and to establish an imaginary mental relationship that reflects the thoughts and feelings of the speaker
Related to the case, which is close in meaning to the meaning of eloquence in the magnificence of expression and the accuracy of photography, the importance of the argumentative figure thought lies in its being the most clear and concise in expressing the intended intention to reach the result that the speaker wants to deliver to the recipient.

The research will treaty with grammatical issues، related to tools that perform functions other than preposition، in book (The Holy Qur’an and its Impact on Grammatical Studies) by Dr. Abdel-Aal Salem Makram، which arose on the basis of the Holy Qur’an according to the reading of the drawing of the Qur’an، but the majority of grammarians rejected it and did not take it; Because it came not in agreement with their rules that they were humbled by، and these grammatical issues are: deleting (ann) infinitive and keeping its action، and the coming (aw) meaning (alwaw)، and the coming (laeala) of reasoning and questioning، and the coming (Lula) meaning (lam)، and coming (alwaw) is dismissed.

The research aims to capture the non-standard exaggeration formulas used by the Noble Qur’an and which were mentioned by Abu Al-Saud in his interpretation, which are little-used and unpopular structures in relation to the structures of the standard exaggeration formulas, and to balance his opinion and the opinions of grammarians or rhetoricians, and to monitor the views of the commentators and their agreement or disagreement with Abu Al-Saud in Citizen monitoring of the significance of these structure to exaggerate.

The Messengers and the Prophets ( may blessings and peace be upon them) came to the people to convey to them the judgment of God, and most of the people did not believe in them and hated them, so they began to harm these pure Messengers and Prophets by underestimating and falsifications them, and accusing them of madness and witchcraft, and this is one of the most severe harms to the human soul. Because if a person feels frustrated inside him, he will not bear to continue in his call, for the disbelievers did not stop at this point towards these elite people, but rather resorted to their physical torture in order to stop them from calling people to God, and this is the conspiracy of the disbelievers and polytheists in itself against the owners of messages God in order to reach the drying up of the sources of truth, then they can extinguish the light of God according to their claim, and the enemies were planning to expel the messengers from their homelands and keep them away from the family and relatives or imprison them in their homes, and they also thought of killing them so that people could live without purpose and purpose in this life And they enjoy themselves according to their desires, then people fall into confusion and the person does not feel at ease in their hearts or stability in their souls, and therefore the person needs a fair approach and a teacher who will educate them on it for the sake of psychological comfort, and the attainment of their physical safety, and thus the person will be happy in both worlds. And the happiness of man is not achieved unless his whim agrees with God’s approach.

The significance of the research stems from the field that he frequents. Sheikh Al-Amili paid great attention to the linguistic aspect, especially with regard to derivatives being the mainstay of morphological research, so abundant material was gathered for morphological research, as this research was concerned with linguistic studies of the morphological structures of derivatives in the explanation of the morphological research. A descriptive study of the propaganda texts of Al-Sajjad newspaper by Al-Amili Al-Jaba’i, where Sheikh Al-Amili touched on all the texts that contain all kinds of derivatives, and therefore these texts were chosen as a study.

The researcher dealt with through his objective study of the last day, and his truth and synonyms in the verses of the Noble Qur'an, as we show a researcher, through his study, about the subject the above-mentioned, which the researcher relied in his settlement 0f the eschatological verses and their interpretation When interpreters in the objective center of the last day.

The research treaties with the idea of theory in general in the various fields of knowledge, by explaining its constituent pillars, and the concept of theory in the sciences of fundamentals and jurisprudence in particular, by explaining the theory of fundamentalism and the theory of jurisprudence, and searching for the importance of fundamentalist theory and the fundamentalist schools that resulted from it and what distinguished each school with scholars and works. The research is about the emergence of the theories of jurisprudence among the Imamiyyah, and the most prominent works that were classified in this field, and the relationship between the term jurisprudential theory with other terms such as jurisprudential rules, and between it and the theory of fundamentalism

This research contains an investigation of a part of the book (Sharh Al-Hidayah), from the beginning of the book (The al-sharika) to the end of the book (The altwaquf), by imam Jalal Al-Din Omar bin Mohammed Al-Khabbazi, who died (691AH). I started work with an introduction, which includes the importance of the topic, previous studies, and the research plan, followed by the study section, which includes the translation of the life of imam Al-Khabbazi - may God have mercy on him - in terms of his birth, his upbringing, his writings, the scholars’ praise of him, his teachers, his students, and his death, then I introduced the book (Sharh Al-Hidayah), Including its importance in Hanafi jurisprudence, and describing its written copies in an adequate manner, I also concluded this section with the methodology of the investigator, and presented examples of the copies relied upon in the work, Followed by the investigation section, which contains (the partnership’s book), in which I strived to produce the text correctly, free from erasure and distortion, and in that I relied on five written copies, in the interview, I also followed the (original) copy, adhering to the followed investigation rules, and concluded the research with a conclusion, and a list of sources and references.

The topic of glorification and appreciating women in the period that came after the establishment of the industrial revolution received a lot of coverage, so many appeared in the West who called for the necessity of equality with men in all fields of life, and then soon withdrew to all societies in the far reaches of the earth, especially Muslim countries, and one of the issues promoted by feminist organizations and secularists It is the issue of Islam depriving women of work, a lack of awareness and knowledge of the reality of Islamic legislation, which in fact did not deprive her of work, but rather obligated her to adhere to some things that preserve her dignity and elevate her status away from vulgarity and exploitation of weak souls, and this is what appeared in the opinions of the front-line jurists in confronting and refuting these suspicions.

Among the important and necessary matters for people is the existence of inclusive and integrated rulings and laws that deal with their affairs، manage their affairs، raise their standards، and draw limits for dealing with them، provided that there is an exchange of respect and preservation of rights، without encroachment or transgression. And it clarified to them their functions and their rulings، and Islam guaranteed all of that to the fullest extent، and it explained everything that a person needs in his life، so he did not leave a resource in which he did not explain his ruling، and the discretionary rulings occupied a large area of jurisprudence. punishments، and Sharia practiced not specifying the punishment for each crime، and it was satisfied with determining a set of punishments for these crimes، starting with the lightest punishments and ending with the most severe ones، and left it to the judge to choose the appropriate punishment or consequences in each crime، in accordance with the circumstances of the crime and the circumstances of the criminal Unappreciated.

God Almighty imposed obedience to Him absolutely on the world, with no conditions or exceptions. The Almighty said: At the same time, God Almighty made compliance with orders not a matter of hardship and embarrassment; Because it contradicts the purposes of the law, such as lifting distress and embarrassment from people and assigning what is possible.

Ayatollah Mirza Mahdi al-Isfahani, one of the greatest Shiite scholars in the fourteenth century, as his doctrinal and doctrinal views in the field of knowledge of the Qur’an led to the emergence and flourishing of renewal movements and currents in many religious seminaries, especially in the holy Hawza of Mashhad; This prompted many distinguished scholars and students of religious sciences to pay attention to his views and research his theories.
And the scientific with regard to his vision on the knowledge of the Qur’an and related sciences, as well as the role of Mirza in reviving the Hawza in Mashhad after the events that accompanied it. Religious man seminaries these lines are intended to give a passing look at fragments of the life of Mirza Mahdi Al-Isfahani and to refer to some of his ideas. These great men did not lose sight of the issues related to building and establishing an Islamic society, and establishing Quranic politics, but also contributed to presenting Quranic political philosophy, and ideas came in this regard. And important issues are the products of Mirza Isfahani.

The research dealt with an important issue، which in many of its issues is considered one of the afflicting issues، and it is different، and then its definition in jurisprudence and in law. Human civilizations through the archaeological texts that reached us، so we tried in this research to explain this issue through the ages and after that the Islamic era، and after clarifying the issue historically، we defined it so that the concept would be clear to the minds.

The researcher dealt with the probative attributes, as they were divided into eight places , starting with ability and concluding with the sincerity of the most High , with each place being explained in some detail and the suspicions raised by some sets and their response on the basis of rational and textual evidence.

This research studies the approach of Sheikh Muhammad Taha Al-Balisani in jurisprudential preference from his book (Hassan Al-Bayan fi Tafsir Al-Qur’an,he was interested in jurisprudential investigations in all jurisprudential chapters
And he took great care of it, which made him weight and choose the opinion that he deems correct from among the opinions, and he built his preference on well-known foundations and methods.
The problem of this research is to stand on these foundations, highlighting and explaining them with an example for each limit of them in its interpretation.
This subject is of great importance in Islamic jurisprudence and its principles.
Through it, you will know the methodologies of the scholars in their writings and works, and their doctrinal inclinations in jurisprudence and its principles and after extrapolation and follow-up, it appears that Sheikh Al-Balisani used many and various foundations ranging from twenty foundations, and through them it seems that he was fanatical to a particular doctrine, but rather he was following the evidence that he considered correct and advanced.