JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES

Cardio exercises are aerobic activities in which the muscles use oxygen and glucose for energy, and they are called exercises to train the heart and blood vessels, as they increase the heart rate during exercise, and they deplete glucose in the body and begin to burn fat, because the body needs large amounts From oxygen to convert fats, carbohydrates and protein into “energy” and ithas a key role in improving physical fitness and endurance, using several exercises that mainly increase cardio-respiratory activity that increases the body’s ability to burn caloriesThe research problem is:The impact of cardio exercises on functional variables because of their great importance in the program planning process. I noticed that there are a large number of people who do not exercise as required, which creates a clear weakness in their functional fitness.
33-1Research Objective:The research aims to identify:1-The effect of using cardio exercises on some functional variables for female students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science.4-1Imposing search:The exercises used have an effect on some functional variables for female students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.2-There are statistically significant differences between the pre and post tests in some functional variables and in favor of the post test. The researcher concluded: •The training program using cardio exercises has a positive impact on the functional variables under study. The researcher recommends:The necessity of using the training program using cardio exercises to improve some functional variables.

THE STUDY AIMED TO IDENTIFY THE DEGREE OF CREATIVITY IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE EXCELLENCE OF THE MEMBERSOF THE PARALYMPIC COMMITTEE IN IRAQ.THEN THE RESEARCHER USED THE DESCRIPTIVE
00APPROACH IN THE SURVEY METHOD AND CORRELATIONAL RELATIONS FOR ITS RELEVANCE TO THE RESEARCH PROBLEM.THE RESEARCHER TOUCHED ON THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY REPRESENTED BY THE MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL PARALYMPIC COMMITTEE,NUMBERING (150)MEMBERS.ADMINISTRATIVE ON THE MAIN EXPERIMENT SAMPLE AND THE RESULTS WERE STATISTICALLY PROCESSED THROUGH THE STATISTICAL SYSTEM (SPSS),AND THE RESEARCHER CAME OUT WITH CONCLUSIONS THROUGH WHICH SHE REACHED THE MEMBERS OF THE PARALYMPIC COMMITTEE ENJOY A POSITIVE LEVEL OF CREATIVITY AND THEIR ABILITY TO DISTINGUISHTHE RESEARCHER RECOMMENDED THE USE OF THESE TWO SCALES IN OTHER SPORTS INSTITUTIONS AND ON ALL GAMES

The research aims to identify the level of psychological resilience, level of ambition, exam anxiety and the relationship between them among students of the fourth stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences -College of the Future University. The research sample included (100) male and female students as a construction sample and an adaptation of the three standards, and after finding the scientific foundations and the three standards became ready for application on a sample of (60) male and female students, and after processing the data obtained by the researchers and presenting and interpreting the results, the researchers reached the most important conclusions: Measures of psychological resilience, level of ambition and exam anxiety were prepared to be valid for measuring these phenomena among students of the fourth stage in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences -Iraq. The researchers recommend the necessity of adopting the three scales to measure the level of psychological endurance, the level of ambition and exam anxiety for the other stages, and to conduct a study similar to the current study on other stages of study and link it with other variables that affect the students and achieve their ambition and increase their psychological resilience

Develop of a bodily-kinesthetic intelligence of gymnastics’ scale for students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul;2Keywords:Develop and apply, bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, gymnastics
04-Evaluate the level of bodily-kinesthetic intelligence of gymnastics among students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul;-Set standard for bodily-kinesthetic intelligence of gymnastics’ level for students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of the University of Mosul;-Identification of the relationship between the degree of bodily-kinesthetic intelligence and the degree of skill performance in gymnastics among students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of the University of Mosul;The study uses the descriptive and correlational approach to fit it and the nature of the research, and the research community included classroom (2ndand 3rdgrades) students College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul for the academic year (2018 -2019), which numbered (270) students, the search sample included 240 students selected randomly from the research community, divided into 190 develop sample and 50 application sample students,The research tool was used (Gymnastic skill performance tests) and a scale (Gymnastics bodily-kinesthetic), as research required the develop of this scale for classroom (2ndand 3rdgrades) students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Mosul, which included developing steps (Formulation and preparation of the aspect of the scale, formulation and preparation of the paragraphs of the aspects of the scale, logicalanalysis of the paragraphs, scoping experience of the scale and statistical analysis of the paragraphs in my own way (Extreme Groups, Internal Consistency) of the Scale, and Scientific Transactions of the Scale (reliability and validity), statistical instruments included (mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient) (Pearson), one sample t-test two independent samples t-test of and two separate samples, equation (Spearman-Brown), hypothetical average scale, and percentage).The study concludesthe following findings:-The Gymnastic Bodily-kina esthetic Intelligence Measure for students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of the University of Mosul, which was built with good measurement effectiveness.--Students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul have a higher
04level of gymnastic intelligence than the hypothetical average. This indicates that the result is positive , and have an acceptable level of gynecological intelligence.-The relationship between the degree of motor intelligence and the degree of skill performance in gymnastics among students in the second and third grades of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences is positive

The study aimed at: Identifying the degree of differences in the hypothetical average of the sources of psychological stress in the first threeteams of the Iraqi Premier League Volleyball Championship for women, as well as identifying the most influential sources of psychological stress on the first three teams of the Iraqi Premier League Volleyball Championship for women, and identifying the differences in Sources of psychological stress among the first three teams of the Iraqi Premier League for women's volleyball. The researchers used the descriptive approach in the manner of comparisons to meet the requirements of the research, and the research centered on the Premier League for women's volleyball players, and the research community focused on those players participating in the women's volleyball premier league for the season (2020-2021) held in Erbil governorate, while the sample was limited to all From the club (Qarah Qosh, Akkad Ankawa, and the Municipality of Baghdad) and they were chosen in a deliberate way that obtained the first three ranks, which numbered (30) players. and Osama Al-Asfar, 2001), which includes (55) paragraphs distributed over five axes, and the data was processed using the Statistical Package Program (SPSS) to reach the results, which are: Both Qaraqosh Sports Club and Baghdad Municipality Club possessed sources of psychological stress, while the percentage of possessionof sources of psychological stress by Acad Club was to a lesser degree except in competition pressures and pressures of family attitudes towards sports, most of the psychological pressures experienced by the players in the three teams
47were from the pressures of training loads , the technical and administrative staff and the public, study and time management, and life requirements to the greatest degree, there were no differences between the three teams in the sources of psychological stress

The research aims to identify the effect of complex exercises on the different training side networks for football players. And to identify the differences between the results of tests and measurements before and after the research sample in the development of some functional, physical and skill variables for young football players. And to identify the extent of the rate of development between the results of tests and measurements, tribal and dimensional in the research sample in some variables of functional, physical and skill in football. On the subject of the research procedures: the researcher chose his research community in an intentional manner, which was represented by the players of Shirwana Sports Club for the youth category, which numbered (28) players. Of the goalkeepers, as well as two injured players were excluded from the post tests, and (8) players were also excluded, because they had been applied to exploratory experiments, and thus the research sample became (16)
29players, as the main sample formed a percentage of (57.41%) of the total sample One-group research, the researchers used the statistical program (SPSS) for the humanities and social sciences in processing the data. The percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Pearson simplecorrelation coefficient, t-tests for related samples, self-honesty coefficient, percentage law for the evolution of variables were extracted. SearchThe researchers reached the following conclusions and recommendations: Through the results of the study that were obtained, we reached the following conclusions: The proposed training curriculum using exercises compounded according to the training side networks had positive effects in developing the variables of physical, skill and functional abilities among the members of the research sample. The results of measuring the percentage of oxygen between the results of the pre-test and the post-test showed a similar development compared to the results of the pre-test, and there were no differences in it among the members of the research sample.In light of the foregoing conclusions, we recommend a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: Building the high-intensity training curriculum for the training curriculum clearly affects the development of the variables of physical, skill, functional and biochemical abilities in football, and thus the coach can reach the players to the highest level required. The researchers recommend sports clubs to benefit from specialists in the science of training physiologyduring the process of training players so that it is possible to identify the most important problems that are an obstacle to the level of football players and to benefit from the positive things to achieve the best required level for the player

The game of football has taken wide spread in various countries of the world until it has become the language of the peoples because it provides fun bywatching or practicing it. Therefore, it is considered one of the difficult collective games that necessitate skill and intensity in performance and speed of attention. Therefore, it requires new methods and methods in developing its aspects. Training andthat the success of each process depends on the integrated preparation down to the players mastering the skills that will speed up the winning process and develop the distinctive strength with speed and accuracy of scoring on land leads to good results.The research problem crystallized as a result of the lack of studies and research dealing with exercises in the sand, so the researcher decided to delve into this problem. Therefore, the researcher aims to prepare exercises using the sand field for young football players and to identify the effect of exercises in the sandy ground by the interval method in developing the strength characteristic of speed and accuracy of scoring for young football players and to identify the differences between the control and experimental groups in the post tests in the research variables. The researcher assumes that there are significant differences between the tribal and remote tests of strength distinguished by speed and scoring accuracy for the experimental and control groups in favor of the post tests, and the presence of significant differences in the post tests of strength distinguished by speed and scoring accuracy between the experimental and control groups and in favor of the experimental group.
949As for the research methodology, the researcher used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research, and followed the

The current study aimed to identify the marketing objectives of the reality of sports marketing for the first-class handball championship in Iraq from the point of view of the members of sports clubs. From the point of view of the members of the administrative board of the first-class handball clubs for those clubs, the current research community consisted of (160) members of the administrative body, and the research sample was (120) members, and the researcher used the standardized (Salam Hantoush) scale The Iraqi environment fulfills the conditions of the scientific tests divided into 3 fields and 28 phrases. The most important recommendations are the need to pay attention to tourist restaurants and work to find effective tourist investors in developing that facility, and the need to pay attention to recreational activities and recreational trips to the club through the presence of accredited tourist. Paying attention to sports centers

The aim of the research is to indicate the significance of the statistical differences in some physical variables between the tribal and remote tests of the runner (100 m), and the significance of the statistical differences in some physical variables between the two tests of the runner (1500 m), as well as the significance of the statistical differences in some of the physical variables in the post test between the runners (100 m). and (1500 AD), and the experimental method was used for its suitability and the nature of the research.The research sample included 12 players of Nineveh Governorate team for the year (2019). The sample was divided into the first group (6) short-distance players, while the second group included(6) middle-distance players, and homogeneity and parity were made between them, and the use of Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test for linked samples, and t-test for uncorrelated samples as statistical means. Strength characterized by speed of thelegs and the extension of force to the legs and the superiority of the runners (100 m) in the strength characteristic of the speed of the legs over the runners (1500 m), as well as the superiority of the runners (1500 m) in the strength of the legs over arunner (100 m)

The aim of the research is to:-Identifying the level of psychological courage and the level of sportsmanship among the players of the Nineveh Education Directorate teams, and identifying the relationship between the level of psychological courage and the level of sportsmanship among the players of the Nineveh education teams. The original research community for the study consisted of (100) players of the Nineveh Education Directorate teams, and the percentage of (100%),The researcher reached the following results, the psychological courage and sportsmanship among the players of the teams of the Nineveh Governorate Education Directorate are characterized at the average level, and there is a significant correlation relationship between psychological courage and the sportsmanship among the players of the Nineveh Governorate Education Directorate teams,The researcher reached the most important recommendations and proposals, namely, urging the players affiliated with the directorates of education affiliated with the Ministry of Education and school sports activity to organize lectures and educational courses on the concepts of psychological courage and sportsmanship, conducting more studies related to the concept of psychological courage and sportsmanship for players, and preparing psychological programs For players that would enhance the level of psychological courage and raise the level of sportsmanship for the players of the education directorates teams

The aim of the search is to:-Identifying the degree of sensory arousal among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.-Building a psychological training program based on the theory of (Marvin Zuckerman) to raise sensory arousal among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science.-Detecting the effect of using the training program in developing sensory arousal among students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science.The researcher used the experimental method for its relevance and the nature of the research, and the experimental research sample was determined in adeliberate way from the first school year students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, which numbered (24) students who had low scores on the sensory arousal scale and were randomly distributed over the two research groups by ( 12 students for the experimental group and (12) students for the control group. The training program was applied to the members of the experimental group, while the control group was not subjected to the aforementioned program. The training program was applied for a period of (5) weeks, with two sessions per week, with a time of (50) minutes. For one session, for the period from 19/2/2019 to 25/3/2019, the researcher adopted the sensory arousal scale (Abdul Hamid, 2010) as a tool for research after applying scientific transactions to it, and the researcher used the SPSS statistical bag to obtain (arithmetic mean, standard deviation Pearson's simple correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown equation, t-test, percentage, Cronbach's alpha stability coefficient, hypothetical mean .The researchers reached the following conclusions:1-Decrease in the degree of students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for the first school year on the sensory arousal scale.2-The researcher was able to design apsychological training program that includes a number of sessions, which include many techniques, skills and activities that are based on Marvin Zucker-Man's theory of sensory arousal.
2063-The psychological training program that the researcher built had an effect on raising the sensory arousal of the students of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences.The researcher recommended the following:1-The possibility of benefiting from the current psychological training program in facilitating the task of researchers in the future to build similar programs at different study stages.2-Conducting specialized studies to find out which sports by students have less sensory arousal and directing the training program around them3-Supporting the Psychological Guidance and Counseling Unit in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for first-year students, and using the principle of encouragement and assistance to overcome fear and hesitation to achieve psychological adaptation to enhance good performance during practical lectures

Physiological studies in the field of sports are considered important studies for the workers in the field of physical education and sports training, where the effect of the bodily effort is recognized on the vital organs of the athletic body during competitions or during the exercise of physical activities. The problem of research lies in the streaming movement of arm striking in volleyball transmission skill, the researchers believe that the systolic and diastolic blood pressure has relation with this shortcoming, and used the descriptive method in style of bonding relations for being suitable to the nature of the search procedures. The Origin community was chosen which is second grade adult amounting (192) and to limit the research community sample in Al-Izdehar Intermediate School for girls with volleyball about (60) female students and to identify the sample of research in second grade Intermediate female student’s volleyball about (12) for the academic year (2021-2020). The Libero player was excluded, so the sample became (11) female students and the percentage of the sample of research reached (20%) of the research community. The percentage of samples from the research specimen was (91, 66%) and after conducting the tests appeared a strong correlation between the variables in question and the researchers concluded that there was a moral relationship between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure relationship with the streaming movement of arm striking in volleyball transmission skill

The introduction and its importance in this research included identifying the relationship of multidimensional anxiety with the performance of the front hands jump movement on the jumping table device in the artistic gymnastics for students. As for the research problem, it focused on the anxiety that students have at the jumping table device and their intense fear of the possibility of falling and injury, as well as their anxiety about failing the exam, which is a real problem that students suffer in the departments and colleges of physical education and sports sciences, and the current research is a modest and serious contribution to contribute to solving this problem students have,As for the research objectives, they included:1-Recognizing the multidimensional anxiety of students in gymnastics2-Recognizing the relationship of multi-dimensional anxiety with the performance of the front hands jump movement on the jumping table device in the artistic gymnastics for students.The researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method to suit their research, and the research community consisted of students of the third stage in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Al-Kitab University for the academic year 2020-2021, numbering (44) students. This constitutes a percentage (81%) of the original community.Hence, the results were presented and analyzed. Through the results, the researchers reached conclusions, including:
142-The emergence of results for the effect of multi-dimensional anxiety on the performance of the front hands jump movement on the students' jumping table device.The emergence of a significant correlation between multi-dimensional anxiety and the performance of the front hands jump movement on the jumping table device

The study included five chapters as follow:

In chapter one, the study refers to the developments in the field of sports training science, through the use of assistive training means that enhance the players performance. The research stressed the need for using the said assistive means to develop the kinetic velocity and achieve best time of maximum power and enhance basketball defender performance.

The problem of the research treated some defects that hit the sport community, for the time being, especially basketball, one of these obstacles is: the physical preparation doesn't take its real role and size in the training process that should suit with any competition conditions of basketball. The study implies research goals and hypothesis in addition to the fields of the research.

In chapter two the researcher mentioned several theoretical topics related to the main research subject, therefore he referred to training ways of kinetic velocity and measure the skill of basketball defender player movement.

In chapter three, the researcher applied the experimental methods on sample of players of national center for nurturing sport talent in basketball, Baghdad, for sports season (2019-2020) under (18) years old, and the number of participants was (8) players, it is called group experimental (1).

In fourth chapter, the results of the study have been presented and discussed by using statistical program called (spss), the researcher has reached to a conclusion there is an advance made in the kinetic velocity and indicator of maximum power and the movement of basketball defender.

In chapter fifth the study concluded the training, which was conducted by using assistive training tools in this study, had been of great effective in improving physical performance, the study referred also to a positive impact of physical exercises that raise the level of physical ability of basketball players (participants in the research) and how (physical training) affect greatly the functional side.

The researcher recommended to allocate enough time from training courses to improve the basketball defender skills, the researcher asked coaches and trainers to show constant interest in the training of physical capabilities, because those things must considered to strengthen physical capacities and maintain fitness of players throughout the yea