JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES

This study aimed to explore the obstacles facing physical education students while learning practical sport courses using distance learning due to the Corona pandemic. The sample of the study consisted of (256) male and female physical education students. They completed a 37-item online survey developed by the researchers and distributed via e-mail and social media. The results showed that the degree of the obstacles facing physical education students while learning practical sport courses was average in general. The results indicated that the most prominent obstacles, and with a high degree, werethose related to internet and technology. The obstacles related to the academic curriculum ranked second with a high degree as well. The obstacles related to the students, and the instructors were average and ranked third and fourth respectively. The study recommended developing the technological system and ensure its maintenance. In addition, conducting training courses for those teaching practical sport courses to improve distance learning and teaching in the faculties of physical education and sport sciences

35Summary:Effective means of communication is considered one of the mostimportant basic factors that give administrative work the motivation and strong motivation to develop individual and collective capabilities in line with developments in the means of communication. Therefore, effective means of communication represented by the skills of reading, listening, writing and speaking are the effective bridge that extends the integration rings in the administrative process of planning, organizing and idealism And control and other functions that rest the administrative process in a way that ensures the achievement of the goals sought by the institution.The importance of the research lies in emphasizing that effective communication means are one of the main factors in developing aspects of organizational work, especially in the sports field.As for the research problem: lies in the following questionWhat is the ability of sports departments to use effective means of communication

The researchers noted through their presence in the field of badminton game, the lack of use of educational curricula based on the patterns of learners and their preferences and the lack of preparation of educational curricula using rapid learning in addition to the weakness of these skills and the difficulty of changing performance from the projected blow tothe back versus during the game, this is what the researchers were invited to To study this problem and find appropriate solutions, the aim of the research is to prepare an educational curriculum using the accelerated learning in learning the projection of the front and back projection of the students with badminton. And to identify the impact of the curriculum using rapid learning in learning the projection of the front and back of the students badminton.The researchers used the experimental approach ina two-way approach to suit the nature of the problem to be solved. The research sample was represented in the entire research community and they are the second stage students at the Faculty of Physical Education / University of Karbala for the academic year 2020-2021 and the number (40) students were divided into two equal groups and by (20) students for each groupThe most important recommendations were the need to build educational curricula based on the method of rapid learning in learning badminton skills. And the need to teach the principles and techniques of accelerated learning because it provides greater opportunities and faster learning and the need to apply the method of rapid learning to other skills and a variety of games

Research SummaryThe importance of the research came about raising the distinctive strength with speed through interest in flexibility exercises that precede muscle strength exercises in order to achieve the achievements with the level of skill performance associated with this trait, in addition to communicating information to our coaches about the importance of dynamic flexibility in developing the distinctive strength with speed and its role in raising the level of offensive skill performance with basketball For youth.The experimental curriculum designed by the control and experimental groups, in addition to the research sample, was chosen for the Maysan Sports Club basketball playersThe most important conclusions: Choosing appropriate exercises in training, especially dynamic flexibility exercises that are based on scientific foundations, and applying them with appropriate load affects the development of strength characterized by speed and the offensive skill of basketball for youth.Main recommendations: Adoption of dynamic flexibility exercises in developing the force characterized by speed and offensive skill with basketball for youth.

AbstractMicro-education is one of the important methods that are used in preparing and training teachers, and it is a training position that contributes to the qualification of teachers through their presence in a group of mini-educational situations. Mathematics and its importance in preparing the student for the stage of application and teaching. The knowledge achievement in this subject has a great impact on the student’s success in practice and professionally in the future. Weak cognitive achievement was noted and fourth stage students' lack of familiarity with the information and material that will help them in the future in their professional lives, as the researcher found that the use of mini-education plunges students into educational situations that increase their experiences and prove their cognitive achievement. Therefore, she decided to test the effect of mini-education on improving the cognitive achievement of fourth-year students, who are hoped to be successful and efficient teachers.Where the research hypotheses were as follows: --The presence of significant statistical differences between the pretest and the post test for cognitive achievement of the control and experimental groups in favor of the post test.-There were significant statistically significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the post-test for cognitive achievement in favor of the experimental group.The experimental method was used in the research for its suitability and the nature of the research and the problem. The experimental design was chosen tightly controlled by the control and experimental groups by the pre and post tests. As for the research community, it was represented by students of the fourth stage of the College of Basic Education -Department of Physical Education / Diyala University and for the academic year 2020-2021 by (44) The sample was chosen randomly, as (15) students of the control group and (15) students of the experimental group
79were represented. The control group studied using the traditional method, while the experimental group studied with microlearning.As for the most important research recommendations, they were: --The traditional method and micro-education have a clear effect on increasing the cognitive achievement of stage students in the Physical Education Department of the College of Basic Education.Micro-education was distinguished by improving students' teaching skills.As for the important research findings, they were:-The use of mini-education in theoretical and practical subjects in the Physical Education Department of the Collegeof Basic Education, because the researcher sensed a clear effect in increasing students ’achievement, aside from their mastery of the leadership skills of the physical education lesson.-Resorting to mini-education with students in e-learning platforms,as it will increase the student’s participation by assigning him to present a presentation of the lesson material

Sports activity in its new educational image, with its sound systems and rules, has become a strong element in preparing the good citizen and providing him with extensive experience and skills, enabling him to adapt to his society and making him able to shape his life and help him keep pace with the times in his development and growth.Through researching the researchers and the continuous follow-up of the external sports
103activity in the educational institutions, they noticed that there are many difficulties and problems that may be administrative or financial, etc. among the obstacles facing the responsibilities of sports activities. It is also necessary to diagnose the process of weakness in these activities at the level of courses, tournaments and activities that would The development of the learner or student, especially if it is believed that schools are the main tributary to clubs and teams in various games, including group games. The diagnosis process is also one of the most important problems experienced by the sports community in general and the educational community in particular, as well as the purpose of building and codifying a standard for difficulties that would Facilitating the task of choosing the right methods and procedures and the correct scientific planning to solve these difficultiesThe aim of the research is: Building a scale of difficulties that face trainers of group games for sports activity in the directorates of Baghdad education, determining degrees and standard levels for the scale of difficulties faced by coaches of group games for sports activity in the directorates of Baghdad education.To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher used the descriptive method, using the survey methodThe researchers chose his sample. The research community consisted ofteachers accredited as trainers in the sports activities of the Baghdad districts (Karkh first, second and third, and Rusafa first, second and third) and their number (126)As for the research sample, it consisted of all members of the community at a rate of 100%. The researchers divided the sample into an exploratory sample, construction sample and legalization sample. The researchers reached some conclusions and recommendations.A measure of difficulties faced by coaches of sports activities was constructed, which consisted of (20) items. The scores and standard levels of the two scales of difficulties facing coaches of sports activities were determinedThe researchers recommended that all means and means should be provided to the coaches in order to alleviate the
104difficulties facing them. The necessity to conduct other studies on a sample different from the current sample

AbstractThe importance of research has emerged from the importance of strategic vigilance in achieving the characteristics of institutions, as it contributes to the completion of work in addition to obtaining a quantity of knowledge and experience and to identify and address problems with a high degree of accuracy, speed and awareness in decision-making in addition to that it works to raise the innovation and creativity ofthe institution as well Those factors that can help achieve the quality of institutional performance, and the research problem was to answer the following question: What is the relationship of strategic alertness to institutional performance in youth and sports forums in the central and southern regions of Iraq),As for the two objectives of the research (preparing the two measures of strategic alertness and institutional performance for youth and sports forums for the central and southern regions of Iraq,to identify the relationship between strategic vigilance and institutional performance in youth and sports forums in the central and southern regions of Iraq), while the third chapter includes the research methodology and field procedures from preparingthe two measures and presenting them to a group Of experts and specialists, as well as you, and treat the results of the research through the used statistical means,As for the fourth chapter, it included presenting, analyzing and discussing the results of the two measures. The most important conclusions of the fifth chapter were that strategic vigilance and institutional performance have a role in raising the adequacy of the performance of youth and sports forums managers in the central and southern regions through the moral linkage that emerged between them
133and the most important recommendations are working to improve the institutional performance of managers Youth and sports forums through the optimum utilization of available resources (human, material, and informational).

Research Summary : -Sports field has seen significant progress in various sports difference including football halls, Asthis game is usually characterized by speed and accuracy in skill performance, due to the development that has occurred in the field of sports training science and a deep understanding of what this science includes in order to reach the higher levels , The importance of the research comes through the use of balanced exercises with both feet to develop ball control skills , As for the research problem, it is that most players rely on implementing the skill on only one leg in its performance even though the game needs to use both feet due to the small area of the field and the proximity of the opponent , The researcher used the experimental method to design one group , The research sample consisted of the players of the Diyala national education team for the preparatory stage of futsal football, whose number is (14) players , After completing the field experiment, the researcher concluded that repeated performance of skills with a non-striking foot increases the effectiveness of the skill motor program and increases its accuracy, which positively affects its results

SummaryThe scientific progress made in all areas of life, including the sports field, has a role in developing sports games and raising the level of achievement. The special force is an important requirement for athletics activities in general and throwing activities in particular, especially in the effectiveness of discus throwing and in view of the dependence of this activity on two important muscular strength factors The time of kinetic performance is the use of exercises and aids to develop the technical performance of discus throwing and by shedding various resistances during the performance of the several stages of effectiveness without affecting the kinematic paths. The research aims to identify the effect of exercises as a means to help in the development of special strength and achievement in the disc. Exact control of the experimental group for the pre and post test of the research sample in an intentional way, then special exercises and training aids were applied for a period of three months, applying thecurriculum to the experimental group and then performing the tests Dimensionality forces and special achievement and is the treatment of results, and found that the researchers exercise and training assistance means affected positively In developing the special force and achievement of the research sample, which the researchers recommend using modern devices and tools to prepare exercises, especially for the development of special strength and achievement

The research aims to: identify the most common sports injuries suffered by football players in the Iraqi Premier League for the year (2018-2019), in terms of the nature of the injury, the location of the injury, the type of injury, the severity of the injury, the number of times of injury and the occurrence of the injury. At the time of the occurrence of guardianship and the cause of the injury as we aim through this study to know the filling of the void in our libraries, and provide resources and resources in order to inform students and learn about injuries and how to work in preventing them and ways to treat them, the researcher used the descriptive curriculum to suit the nature of the research problem. I have identified the research community of all 440 players in the Iraqi Premier League (2018-2019).
186And I've deliberately selected the research sample, which is about 200 football teams. In this research, we adopted the sample method, where the questionnaire was completed with a set of questions addressed to the players of the football teams in the Iraqi Premier League for the year (2018-2019), related to the most common sports injuries in terms of the nature of the injury and the location of the injury, the severity of the injury, thenumber of times of injury and the occurrence of the injury and the time of the injury and the cause of the injury . The questionnaire is designed according to the theoretical background of scientific books and memos and the opinions of some professors and experts specialized in the field and, the questionnaire contains 8 questions in its entirety on the subject of the study

AbstractThrough the researcher's follow-up of Diyala’s football team matches for halls, he noticed there is a weakness in the handling side of movement and stability, but the researcher did not distinguish which of the two types has more accuracy during handling in matches in addition to the fact that most of its coaches do not rely on the use of modern scientific methods during training, as well as lack of interest By training with accuracy, movement and stability during handling training, which clearly affected the players' termination of the attack without achieving the goal as a result of their lack of accuracy, from here the research problem emerged in a comparative study of handling accuracy from stability and movement for soccer players to halls, and the aim of the research is to identify a comparative study of handling accuracy From the stability and mobility of futsal players, the research community was determined by the players of the Diyala Futsal Education team. The research sample was approved, which included (15) players, while (5) players were excluded from whom an exploratory experiment was conducted, thus the main research sample reached (10) Player, and it was concluded that the players excelled in the handling accuracy test of stability over the handling accuracy test. Handling from both cases is important for a gymnasium soccer player

The aim of the research is to identify the global validity of the proposed physical tests for selecting Futsal goalkeepers, and the researchers used the descriptive approach in the survey method for the suitability and nature of the research.It included (30) guards representing a percentage of (83.33%) The data were processed statistically using the SPSS program, in light of the research objectives, the researchers were able to reach the following conclusions and the number of tests saturated for each factor and the saturation rates of the factorswere as follows-The first factor (10 tests) and the saturation ratio between(0.723-0.976)-The second factor (two tests) and the saturation percentage between (0.612-0.812-The third factor (two tests) and the saturation ratio between(0.68-0.869)-The fourth factor (4 tests) and the saturation ratio between
218(0.515-0.750)-The Fifth Factor (two tests) Saturation Ratio (0.688 -0.844)-The sixth factor (two tests) and the saturation percentage between(0.648-0.926)-The seventh factor (3 tests) and the saturation ratio between(0.512-0.836)Through the conclusions reached by the researchers, they arrive at the followingUse the results of the research results from the results of the results of the global analysis of futsal goalkeepers, and work to make use of them and circulate them to schools, clubs and sports teams to benefit from them when selecting goalkeepers and detecting the good ones.Conducting other studies and researches and using the rest of the other qualities (skill, psychological, and mental) and others in order to reveal other characteristics that are used to select Futsal goalkeepers

Research Summary Title –the effect of PNF exercises on the developing the strength and elasticity of the shoulders and accomplishing the shooting of bow and arrow staters. Muscle strength is the important factor in achieving physical exertion and contributes to the development of physical attributes such as speed, endurance and agility and the research problem was to find training methods that contribute to developing. The flexibility of the shoulders using exercises (PNF) in developing strength and flexibility of shoulders and the goal of research in preparing exercises (PNF) to develop strength and flexibility shoulders, achievement, and knowledge of the strength and flexibility for bow and arrow structures this researcher has suggested several recommend actions including:The need to continue with exercise (PNF) to maintain the strength and flexibility of the joints and the application of these exercises to other sporting activities

AbstractThe study aimed at numbers of training units in which rest times vary in exercises that carry the characteristic strength and velocity of the arms of tennis players, and to identify the effect of their application in the training units in improving the accuracy of the front and back strokes of tennis players. 100%) of the 10 advanced players at the Jadriya Tennis Academy in Baghdad for the sports season (2019-2020) were divided into two equal groups according to the experimental design, and the experiment was with this variation in that the duration of the rest crisis between the repetitions (20-50) seconds, and the duration between groups is from (100-150) seconds, and the duration between exercises is from (4-6) minutes, and here the most time for prolonging the rest time was between one exercise and another in order to enable the players to calm the nerve impulses necessary for spatial accuracy inThe front and back strokes of tennis for a period of (10) training weeks at the rate of one training unit forthis complex physical ability, and after the end of the experiment, the results were processed by the (SPSS) system, so that the extracts and applications showed that the number of training units in which the rest times varied with exercises bearing the characteristic strength and speed of the arms were appropriate for training Tennis players have this physical ability that is usually stressful for them, and the application of these training units helps to improve the accuracy of the front and back strokesof tennis players, and it is necessary to take into account the balance of training between effort and rest in a way that
262suits the privacy of advanced tennis players and to take into account their level when training endurance ability The distinctive strength of the arms, the speed, and their lack of fatigue in this type of training to avoid the lack of accuracy in skill performance

SummaryThe stage of basic education is one of the most important stages that suit the physiological, cognitive and motor development of pupils, during which it begins to progress from the level of general and comprehensive perception to the level of determination, stability and analysis and develops in him the organs of control of muscles and respiration and these processes need care and regulation in order to help achieve total coherence of their maturity Organic and their neurological and motor experience, whichhelps them prepare them to develop basic skills in sensory-kinesthetic education, the basis of all learning and knowledge, as it allows students to discover themselves according to an organized sequenceJust as kinetic education is an essential and necessary part of the educational process, as it occupied a basic aspect of movement behavior and assisted in it through its curricula in developing the manifestations of the motor growth and development of the childhood stage, the physical education course in the basic education stage is one of
276the important aspects of educational education as it contributes to Satisfying the basic needs of pupils, including the need for self-esteem and gaining new experiences. Pupils have increased security and self-confidence by mastering the skills of moving their bodies and their ability to control their movements and the small number of hours allocated to the physical education lessonAnd the difference in the qualifications of the teachers of this sports specialization, and they must take into account the field of growth, motor development, psychological factors, and the lack of special curricula, and that solutions must be developed for this. The researcher decided to prepare an educational curriculum to develop some of the students' physical abilities through the development of the basic physical abilities that they do during their daily life. The Al-Khamayel school under study was chosen randomly using a lottery, where the sample group reached (50) pupils in the fifth grade, divided into two divisions (A and B), which were chosen randomly, as Division (A) was the experimental group and Division B, the control group, and the number of students of each group ( 25) Student, for the purpose of reaching a real and honest effect of the independent variable, the researcher conducted the equivalence of the members of the two samples of the experimental and control groups in all respects

AbstractSports psychology is one of the sciences that have been interested in studying and researching to reach scientific facts that contribute to building and developing athletes. It works to study the behavior and experience of the individual and mental processes associated with sports activity on various fields and levels and try to describe, interpret, predict and thus solve problems.The game of football depends on several elements including (referee, coach, player ... etc) and that the most important of these elements are the rules and rules of the game and applied by the arbitration crew composed of (referee arena, other referees), who have a significant impact on the progress of the game.Arbitration is a difficult and tiring task that is not easy for any individual athlete to perform, as a person who becomes a referee requires him to possess special qualities, abilities and talents that enable him to practice the arbitration profession and help him succeed in it by controlling the course of the game and making theright decisions. Depends on a set of pillars, including psychological preparedness and its ability to resist the pressures faced and the use of these pressures in a positive and this is
294through the control of his emotions and actions, because the success of the games depends on the creativity of the referee alone, the interest in good psychological preparation of the referees has a role In determining the level of performance and bypassing the various situations and situations faced in the game make the referee a high degree of emotional excitement during the game, which affects the level and type of anxiety when the referee. Negative and reinforce the positive ones and find the appropriate level of excitement for the referees, which contribute to the exit of the games with the least number of mistakes, as well as the comparison in the variables studied among the referees according to their specialty

The research included an introduction and its importance, and the importance of effective administrative communication for sports activity supervisors in Diyala Governorate was addressed to be a guide that helps those in charge of the educational process in evaluating the educational supervisor's supervisory tasks. As for the research problem lies in the lack of a standardized measuring tool to the best of the researcher's knowledge lies in identifying effective administrative communication between supervisors and physical education teachers, so the researcher, after reviewing the theoretical literature, directed to codify the measure of effective administrative communication so that it can be used to identify effective administrative communication for supervisors sport activities. The research aims to codify the measure of effective administrative communication for sports activity supervisors from the point of view of physical education teachers in Diyala governorate schools. The areas of research included the human field represented by physical education teachers in primary schools. And the temporal domain is from (1/7/2020 AD) to (2/20/2020 AD). The spatial domain represented by primary schools in Diyala Governorate. The
324researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method, due to its suitability to the nature of the problem. The research community included (1121) physical education teachers in Diyala governorate, and the research sample consisted of (225) teachers with a ratio of 995.0). The sample was chosen randomly, then after that the effective administrative communication measure consisting of (31) phrases was applied to a sample. The research, from (1/11/2020 -25/2/2020), the sample answers were corrected, and the statistical package (SPSS) wasused to find the z-score and standard levels. The researcher concluded, based on the legalization results, to the use of Z-bicycles for the scale as a criterion for the Effective Administrative Communication Scale for Sports Activity Supervisors. The researcher recommended using the current scale as a scientific method to measure the effective administrative communication of the supervisors of sports activity, the possibility of using the current scale of researchers and specialists, as well as in conducting similar studies to measure the level of effective administrative communication