Al-Rafidain Journal For Sport Sciences

The research aims to:
1 - Detecting the effect of using the concept maps strategy and the method used by the teacher on the cognitive achievement of some basic football skills among third-year students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Salah al-Din University.
2-Comparison between the effect of using the concept map strategy and the method used by the teacher on the cognitive achievement of some basic football skills in the post test.
3- Revealing the rates of development of the two research groups in the cognitive achievement of some basic football skills .
The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research. The research community consisted of the students of the third academic year in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Salah al-Din for the academic year (2020-2021), who were deliberately chosen, and their number was (120) male and female students divided into (4) divisions.A, B, C, D), my division has been excluded (A,C ) This is because she received lectures without time or days, unlike my division.D, B), which gives lectures on Sundays and Tuesdays at (8:30 am) and (10:30 am). The research sample was also chosen intentionally.
Accordingly, the research sample consisted of the people. B, DThe female students and the college and university team players were excluded , so the number of the final sample reached (32) students from the research community, and by lottery, the two methods were distributed to the two groups, the first group (the experimental group) represented by a division.B ) which was studied according to the concept maps strategy, and the second group (the control group) was represented by a division. D ) which was studied according to the method followed by the teacher

The aim of the research was to reveal the impact of the strategies of cooperative integration and numbered heads in learning the skills of preparation and reception in volleyball, the experimental curriculum was used with two experimental groups that fit the nature of the research, and the research community consisted of fifth grade students in Nineveh high school for excellence in Nineveh governorate for the academic year(2022-2023), the number of (123) students representing four divisions, the research sample was selected randomly by lottery and represented by the number of its members is (48) female students, after excluding a group of female students, they were divided into (24) female students representing the first experimental group that used the cooperative integration strategy and (24) female students For the second experimental group, which used the strategy of numbered heads in the teaching plans, after which the homogeneity and parity of the two research groups was carried out in the variables (age, height, mass), some physical qualities, preparation and reception skills, the educational program included (16) educational units distributed over two experimental groups with (8) units per group, the time of the educational unit was (45) minutes and with the reality of two educational units per week for each group to teach the skill of sending from below, and after completion of its implementation, the remote test was conducted on (12/1/2023 0) i use the statistical bag (SPSS) to process the search data using the following statistical means : Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Test (t.test) of the associated and independent samples and the researchers concluded the following :
1-the strategies of cooperative integration and numbered heads have a positive impact on learning the skills of preparation and reception in volleyball among fifth grade students .

The research aims to reveal the effect of the Bransford model on the cognitive levels of cognitive development on the development of critical thinking skills among students of the second school year in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul for the academic year (2021-2022), while the research sample was randomly selected, where the number of (65) students representing two divisions (C and D), the experimental group represented the division (D), and the control group was represented by division (C), and parity and homogeneity between the two groups was conducted in a number of variables that are related to experimental accuracy. The researchers used the approach The experimental design is a way to solve the research problem. As for the experimental design, it is the design of equal groups with pre and post tests. The prepared educational program took (6) weeks, as it included many educational activities based on the steps of the Bransford model. The most prominent results of the research were:
1- The presence of a level of critical thinking skills among students of the second academic year in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul.
2- The effectiveness of the Bransford model in developing critical thinking skills for second-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Mosul

The study aimed to: Build a positive development program based on transferring sports life skills to the classroom for the outstanding students of Nineveh Secondary School. It also aimed to reveal the impact of development
Positive transfer of sports life skills to the classroom among Nineveh high school students for outstanding students. The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability to the nature of the study. The research sample (application) was chosen in a deliberate way, represented by the students of the second stage of the research community, which numbered (;75) students, who were divided into two experimental groups and a control group with (;25) students per group. The researcher also adopted the sports life skills scale prepared by (Cronin, Allen, k2016) and the positive development program was applied to the first experimental group, while the second experimental group was exposed to the aforementioned program in addition to basic football skills. While the control group did not undergo any program mentioned. The program was implemented for a period of (;4) weeks, with two sessions per week. The equivalence of groups was also verified with the main research variable (life skills) to start with one starting line between those groups. The researcher concluded: The validity of the positive development program based on sports life skills among Nineveh High School students for outstanding students in achieving its goals. In addition to superiority The second experimental group using the positive development program and sports activities in transferring sports life skills to the classroom compared with the first experimental and control group.

• The most important goal of the research:
- Identifying the relationship between the values of the genomic variables and the values of tensile strength tests, thrust, balance, and the level of achievement (accuracy) among the national team players with the effectiveness of the bow and arrow.
- Identifying the size and level of the relationship between the values of the genomic variables and the values of tensile strength, thrust, and balance tests, the level of achievement (accuracy) of the national team players with the effectiveness of the bow and arrow.
• The researchers hypothesized the following
- There is a significant correlation between the values of some genomic variables and the values of tensile strength, thrust, balance, and achievement level (accuracy) among the national team players with the effectiveness of the bow and arrow.
- There is a discrepancy in the size and level of the relationship between the values of some genomic variables and the values of tensile strength, thrust, balance, and achievement level (accuracy) among the national team players with the effectiveness of the bow and arrow.
• Search procedures:
The researchers used the descriptive approach for its relevance and the nature of the research, while the research sample was deliberately chosen, represented by the players of the national team with the Olympic bow and arrow convex for the sports season 2021-2022, which number (4) players, while (testing and measurement - technical scientific observation) were used as means of data collection. The research sample was photographed using (4) video cameras with a speed of (240 images/sec), and each camera had a specific work through which a specific part of the technical performance of the event was photographed. Standard deviation - percentage - Pearson simple correlation coefficient - effect size of the correlation coefficient

The research aims to identify the following:
-Detecting the effect of the method of scheduling the intensive exercise with the method of short rest on learning the skill of the offensive chest pass in basketball between the two pre-and post-tests.
The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature and problem of the research, and the research community consisted of first-year students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / College of Basic Education / University of Mosul for the academic year (2021-2022), whose number is (74) students, and they represent a classroom one.
As for the research sample, it was chosen by the intentional method after excluding the female students, whose number is (16) female students, so the research sample reached (16) male students, and the researchers used skill tests to measure the objectives of the research, and the validity and reliability of the tests were verified by appropriate statistical methods. The study reached the following conclusion:
- The educational program of intensive exercise scheduling with few rest periods had a positive impact on learning the skill of the basketball chest pass.
The researcher recommended the following:
The use of educational curricula for scheduling intensive exercise with a short rest method on a sample of female students

The research aims to:
Preparing a contextual performance tool for teachers of physical education in secondary schools in the city of Mosul.
- And to identify the level of contextual performance of sports teachers in the city of Mosul.
The researchers used the descriptive survey method for its suitability to the research. The research community included physical education teachers in the city of Mosul, numbered (244) physical education teachers, (203) male teachers, and (41) female teachers. The research sample was selected by the intentional comprehensive enumeration method, as it included all teachers of physical education in the city of Mosul, and the researcher obtained (188) questionnaires subject to statistical analysis, as the percentage of the sample was (77.049%) of the research community. To reach the information required by the research, the researchers used the (questionnaire) as a means of collecting information
The researchers used the following statistical methods:
The researchers used the statistical bag (SPSS), which is represented by the following: - (Percentage. - Arithmetic mean. - Standard deviation. - Spearman-Brown equation. - Crowe Nabach alpha equation. - Gitman's equation(.
Among the most prominent findings of the two researchers are the following:
The validity of the contextual performance questionnaire.
- Physical education teachers in secondary schools in Nineveh Governorate have a high level of contextual performance on the two dimensions of organizational commitment and organizational citizenship.
The most important recommendations were based on the above conclusions, the researchers recommend the following:
- Adopting the contextual performance questionnaire and applying it to physical education teachers in Nineveh Governorate. - Emphasizing organizational commitment and encouraging organizational citizenship among secondary school teachers.

The aim of the search is to:
- Building and applying a self-perception scale for the trainer's behavior.
- Recognize the levels of self-perception of the behavior of the coach.
The two researchers used the descriptive approach for its relevance and the nature of the research. The total research community included class (C) football coaches in the northern region, whose number is (292) coaches, distributed over (5) governorates, namely (Nineveh, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Duhok, and Kirkuk), As for the main research sample, it amounted to (126) trainers, distributed among the pilot experiment sample, with (6) trainers, while the construction sample included (70) trainers, while the application sample included (45) trainers. The two researchers built a self-perception scale for the trainer's behavior to be measured by applying scientific transactions in building the scales. After the two researchers conducted all the scientific procedures related to building a scale of self-perception of the trainer’s behavior, the scale was applied to the members of the research sample during the period from (2/5/2021) to (28/5/2021), and to achieve the purposes of the current research, the two researchers used statistical methods, which were Calculated using the computer program (SPSS).
The researchers found:
- The effectiveness of the coach's self-perception scale, which was built by the two researchers according to the scientific principles of constructing sports scales.
- Football coaches in the northern region are self-percept of their behavior

The study aimed to:
- Recognizing the relationship between spatial perception and tactical thinking among futsal players.
The researchers used the descriptive approach with the correlational methods for its convenience to the research nature, And the research community identified the players of the Iraqi Premier League clubs in futsal for the sports season (2020-2021), which numbered (220) players, While the research sample consisted of (160) players representing approximately (73%) of the research community, The researchers used the questionnaire and measurement as means of data collection, and the statistical means that were calculated by the statistical program (SPSS) for the purposes of the research were limited to (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, skew modulus, and simple correlation coefficient)
The researchers reached the following conclusions:
- Both spatial perception and schematic thinking share through their contrast, the study proved that these two variables are closely related to each other, and one accompanies the other and vice versa.
The researchers recommended the following:
- Working on developing the level of tactical thinking for the players by the training staff, through the work of the (Normalization Committee) in the Iraqi Football Association - Futsal and Beach Committee, to set up instructive courses for coaches, so that it works to develop thinking and tactical knowledge among Futsal players during the training units, and in line with the development of the game

Research goal to:
- constructing a scale of administrative diseases for secondary school principals from the point of view of physical education teachers in secondary schools in the city of Mosul
- Identifying the level of administrative diseases for secondary school principals in the city of Mosul
The descriptive approach was used by the survey method. The construction samples (146) and the final application included (98) teachers, respectively, physical education teachers in secondary schools in the city of Mosul, distributed among middle, secondary, and preparatory schools. The data is statistically measured by means, standard deviation, simple correlation, Gittmann equation, and Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient. The researchers drew several conclusions, the most important of which are
• The validity of the administrative disease scale for school principals, which was built by the researchers on middle, secondary, and middle schools in the city of Mosul.
• The degree of administrative illness for principals of middle, secondary, and middle schools in the city of Mosul is at a (very low) level.
Accordingly, the researcher recommends:
• Applying the administrative disease scale to other samples in all departments, institutions, organizations, bodies, and unions. ?
• Enhancing the behavior of principals in dealing with teachers fairly and humanely and instilling confidence in them in light of the changing conditions experienced by schools in Iraq.

The study aimed to prepare a questionnaire on the organizational genetic fingerprint of the Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs from the point of view of administrators and coaches and also aimed to identify the level of organizational genetic fingerprint in Iraqi Premier League volleyball clubs from the point of view of administrators and coaches. The two researchers used the descriptive method of the survey method to suit it and the nature of the study. The study sample consisted of three sections distributed by (10) individuals for the sample of the survey experiment, (100) individuals for the preparation sample, and (72) for the application sample. The two researchers used the questionnaire as a means of collecting data, where they prepared a questionnaire for the organizational The forms for the questionnaire were distributed during the extended period (9-12-2022) to (13-1-2023) and to obtain the results of the study, the two researchers used several statistical means (percentage, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, simple linear regression coefficient, simple correlation coefficient, Spearman-Brown equation, Jet man equation, Pearson The researchers concluded that the clubs of the Iraqi Premier League in volleyball have a high level of genetic fingerprint, as well as a weakness in the distance of the stimuli, as it obtained an average level from the rest of the dimensions of the genetic fingerprint. The two researchers recommended: Enhancing the level of work in achieving the organizational genetic fingerprint of sports clubs and adopting it as a solid foundation in administrative work, working to establish fair foundations and standards to give incentives to trainers and administrators

The research aims at revealing the following
- Recognizing values the variables (forceplantform) for weightlifter two side right and left in the clean lift.
- Recognizing values variance in the variables (forceplantform) for weightlifter two side right and left in the clean lift.
Two researchers used descriptive approach for its relevance the nature of the research problem, while the research sample was chosen a deliberate, and they are the weightlifters of the Nineveh province team and the numbers (5).weightlifters.
Two researchers used test and movement analysis and mensuration for wherewithal collecting database , procurement values some variables forceplantform ,they are area under curve , time area under curve and area under curve division time , max force and average force .the data were processed statistically using the following means through the use of the statistical baggage researcher’s (spss).in light of the research results , the researchers reached the following conclusions.
- There are significant differences between the two side of the weightlifter in the variables in ( area under curve division time , maximum force and average force) and in favor of the left side in clean lift.
- There are no significant differences between the two side of the weightlifter in the variables in (area under curve , time area under curve )
There searchers recommended several recommendations.
- In order to benefit from them in training on balancing in the variables forceplantform between the two ends of the side in the clean. And confirm continuous use with the exercises measuring forceplantform and note the amount of force produced by the weightlifter during lifting the required weight

The goal of research is to construct a scale for psychological satisfaction of Nineveh governorate Clubs players 0f Football and identifying the psychological satisfaction level of the clubs players of football in Nineveh governorate and the researchers used the descriptive approach for its suitability with the nature of the research .The community of the research is from first and second class in Nineveh's football rank for the (206,2021) season, they are about (595) players distributed on (32) universities supported by minor football federation in Nineveh , to check the search creation , the researchers were constructing the psychological satisfaction scale for football players in accordance with the scientific basis of the methods of scale constructions and data were treated by the researchers statistically by using ( spss version26 ) as well as using ( excel version 2016) (the percentage, , the arithmetic mean, the standard deviation, the simple correlating coefficient (Person), T-test , difference analysis, T-test , difference analysis), in the light of the statistical Processing, the researchers concluded that , the psychological satisfaction scale proves that it has a high effectiveness to construct it in accurate scientific specifications, and Nineveh governorate clubs players have good levels of psychological satisfaction .

The basic and derived sciences of their various types, applied and theoretical, have contributed as a result of the continuous effort exerted by scientists in the development of sports achievements, whether they are individual or team games. The popularity, which was very popular and widely spread, and which has a wide audience all over the world, in turn, depends on mastering basic skills as a basic basis for progressing the level, and that the moment of inertia is one of the mechanical laws that can be used in the field, especially in the field of learning Movements through the relationship between the mass of the body and the square of its center of gravity from the axis of rotation and because of their impact on the movements, especially when performing the shooting in handball, because the resistance of the body to the circular movement does not depend on its mass only, but on its vertical distance from the axis of rotation, and the mass of the body plays the role The main goal is the strength and speed of shooting by harnessing the blocks of body parts to serve the main goal of the skill.
The research aims to identify the relationship between the values of the moment of inertia of the body with the accuracy of the far-shooting in the handball, as the researchers assume the existence of a statistically significant relationship between the values of the moment of inertia of the body with the accuracy of the far-shooting from the jump in the handball.
The researcher used the descriptive approach in style and correlational relations for its relevance and the nature of the research.

Abstract: The search aims to:
- Preparing a questionnaire for sustainable leadership among directors of youth and sports directorates in Iraq.
- Identifying the level of practice of the directors of youth and sports directorates in Iraq for sustainable leadership from the viewpoint of the sports division’s cadres.
The researchers used the descriptive approach in its survey method, and the research community included (192) employees of the sports division’s cadres affiliated to the youth and sports directorates, which numbered (17) directorates distributed over (15) governorates, The exploratory sample, preparation, and application were randomly selected with (8, 101, 66) employees, respectively, To collect information, a sustainable leadership questionnaire was prepared, which included the dimensions (sustainability of human resources, sustainability of material and financial resources, sustainability of learning, sustainability of diversity, and sustainability of the relationship with the external environment), The researchers applied it after the availability of scientific conditions in it, and the data were processed statistically using the arithmetic mean, percentage, simple correlation coefficient, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The researchers drew several conclusions, including:
- The effectiveness of the sustainable leadership questionnaire for directors of youth and sports directorates in Iraq was verified from the viewpoint of its sports division’s cadres, after reaching its preparation according to scientific procedures.
- The directors of the Youth and Sports Directorates in Iraq have an average level of sustainable leadership from the point of view of their sports division’s cadres

The study aimed to design and manufacture electronic devices for physical admission tests for students applying to the military college, and to build grades and standard levels for these tests.
The research community consisted of students of the course (84) at the Military College / Zakho, which numbered (255) students. The researcher chose this community because they are the latest course in the college. The researcher conducted the main experiment on (20/11/2021) on the sample of the research application in the Military College. The second, Zakho, numbered (175) students, who represented six factions. Where the four tests (zigzag sprinting 50 m, leaning in front, lying on the back – push up, running 2400 m) were carried out at ten in the morning, in the physical training hall, and the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) and the (Excel) program were used, to extract the results from Through the following statistical laws: (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, standard scores, t-law for correlated samples).
The study concluded the following:
• The sample was distributed normally in the tests under study.
• Adequacy of admission tests for students applying for admission to military colleges in Iraq.
• Providing standard tables and percentage scores for those in charge of supervising admission tests for students of military colleges, as well as for physical training officers in the Iraqi army.
Based on the conclusions, the researchers recommended the following:
The use of standard tables and percentages by those in charge of supervising the admission of students of military colleges and all physical training officers in the Iraqi army.

The study aimed to:
Constructing a test of the motor ability to climb for advanced parkour gymnasts in the city of Mosul, as well as building standards for testing the motor ability to climb for advanced parkour gymnasts in the city of Mosul.
The researcher used the descriptive survey method for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the research community included advanced parkour gymnasts in the city of Mosul, who numbered (65) players, and the research sample was chosen by the intentional method, which amounted to (42) players, this number represents (64.62%) from the research community. The researcher also analyzed the content of the activity to identify its requirements and Constructing a motor test that simulates the requirements of the parkour sport, according to the scientific steps to build the tests, and the data was processed statistically using the statistical bag (IBM Spss).
To reach the researchers to the results, which are:
- Constructing testing the motor ability to climb for parkour gymnasts
- Developing special standards for testing the motor ability to climb for parkour gymnasts.

The researchers aimed to identify:
- constructing a measure of the psychological effects of social distancing among football players in Nineveh government.
Research hypothesis: Football players have an acceptable level in a variable of psychological effects of social distancing in the research sample.
The researcher used a descriptive approach that affected the suitability and nature of the research. The research society consisted of football club players of the second and third levels in the Nineveh government who have been selected regularly. The research sample consisted (of 306) players representing (14) clubs from second and third levels in the Nineveh government. The researchers conducted an exploratory experiment by using this scale on a sample consisting (of 54) players representing clubs from the second and third levels in the Nineveh government. The researchers used a statistical package (spss) to have Mean, standard deviation, Test(T) for two independent samples, and Pearson correlation coefficient.
The results of the research showed that there are statistically significant differences in the level of social distancing among third-degree football clubs in the Nineveh government.
The researcher recommended investing the results of the study in designing guidance programs that can be used by players in the case of facing other epidemics in the future to reduce negative psychological effects on them in case to face difficulties and obstacles in training, competitions, and public life

The researchers aim to:
- constructing the adaptive perfectionism scale for the players of some sports clubs in Nineveh Governorate.
- Identifying the degree of adaptive perfectionism among the players of some sports clubs in Nineveh Governorate.
The researchers used the descriptive approach for its suitability and the nature of the research, while the research community consisted of players of some sports clubs in team games (football, volleyball, basketball) in Nineveh Governorate, as they were chosen deliberately. As for the research sample, it consisted of (270) players representing (13) clubs in Nineveh Governorate. The researchers used the adaptive perfectionism scale, which he built according to scientific foundations as a research tool. T) for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient.
As for the construction procedures, they are: (determining the dimensions of the scale, defining the method of drafting the paragraphs, and formulating the paragraphs of each dimension in its initial form, as well as adopting the scientific steps and procedures in building the scale, which include the validity of the content and the apparent validity of the scale and the validity of the construction represented by (statistical analysis of the paragraphs) in my style Extreme groups and internal consistency, half-segmentation method and Facronbach were used for stability

Research goals : Constructing situations to measure the offensive tactical behavior in corner kick of Futsal players using virtual reality technology, Setting standards and levels for the offensive tactical behavior of Futsal players using virtual reality technology.
The research community included the Futsal players of the Iraqi Premier League clubs for the season 2020-2021, who numbered at the time of the experiment (258) players distributed over (16) clubs, and they are: (Police, Nationality, Municipality of Baghdad, Air Force, Army, the Refineries) clubs. (from the central region), (the Basra oil, the South, the South gas, the South Refineries, Uruk, the municipality of Nasiriyah) clubs (from the southern region), (the Central oil, the Eastern) clubs (from the middle Euphrates), (Shahrban, the North gas) clubs (from the northern region)), while the research sample consisted of (128) players representing a percentage of (49.61%) of the total research community.
In order to access the information and data required in the research, the researcher used the questionnaire, personal interview, scientific observation and test as means of collecting the information. The researcher followed the scientific steps in designing the offensive tactical situations in an accurate design on a paper-drawn court , then he videotaped these situations with a (360-degree) camera, and then the researcher converted these videos to virtual reality technology using the (VR Player Free) program, A number of exploratory experiments were conducted, in addition to using the following scientific coefficients : reliability by retesting, Face validity , Intrinsic validity , discriminant validity for the upper and lower groups, discriminant validity for opposing groups, and objectivity.
it was reached (6) situations are which represents the whole behavior of the offensive tactics for Futsal players from corner kick .
The researcher used the following statistical methods: Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Pearson's simple correlation coefficient

The aim of the research is to find out
-Exposing the effect of ball retention exercises according to the tactical Rondo on a number of functional variables for advanced soccer players.
-To identify the significance of statistical differences in a number of functional variables between the experimental and control groups in the post-test.
The researcher used the experimental approach for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the players of Samil Sports Club were identified as a sample for football research, and it consisted of (33) players, and (20) of them were selected representing the sample, and it was divided into two groups (experimental and control) randomly using lots and by (10) players for each group.
- The homogeneity and equivalence of the two research groups was verified with the variables (age, height, mass, and the variable a number of functional variables). The researcher used the experimental design for the two groups with a pre and post test, and the means of data collection included personal interviews, questionnaires, tests, measures and scientific observation.
The researcher used the following statistical methods: (percentage, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, t-test for related and independent samples, simple correlation coefficient (Pearson), mode, torsion coefficient) and the statistical bag (spss) was used to process the data.
In light of the results, the researcher reached the following conclusions:
-The training curriculum for ball retention exercises according to the (Rondo) plan implemented by the experimental group developed in the two variables (anaerobic capacity and fatigue index) in favor of the experimental group
-There were no significant differences between the two groups (experimental and control) with ball-keeping exercises according to the tactical (Rondo) variable in the (blood lactate) variable.

The research aims to reveal the most important physical variables according to the analysis of some games of tennis players and football youth. And learn the effect of special exercises. I suppose the researcher that there were significant differences between the two measurements pre and post-experimental and control in favor of the telemetric two groups. And that there are significant differences between the two measures of Badaan experimental and control groups in favor of the dimensional measurement of the experimental group. The researcher defined the research community my player's club Karbala's (66), the research sample re searcher chose 14 players from the Indian club's players were excluded (2) of the players for not splitting the sample into two equal groups (experimental - control group) and by ( 6) players for each group. The researcher has used the laws of the program (spss) and percentage, and in the light of the results drew the following conclusions: the special exercises according to the analysis of the impact of positive matches for the development of physical performance analysis and that the process was effective in the development of exercise. The researcher recommended what comes the need to take advantage of the special exercises that have been adopted by the researcher, emphasizing that the trainers have their work according to the analytical and scientific bases that are commensurate with the capabilities of the players to analyze the games in Use. Specialization Duo singles.

The research aims to reveal the differences in the number of basic skills for the players of the experimental group between the pre and post-tests, and the differences in the number of basic skills for the players of the control group between the pre and post-tests, and the differences in several basic skills between the experimental and control groups in the post-test, and the researchers used the approach Experimental for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the experiment was carried out on a sample of (30) players of the Nineveh Sports Workers’ youth, and their ages (under 16) were divided into two groups (experimental and control) with (8) players for each group after 4 were excluded. ) players, (2) players who did not complete the tests, and (2) players for were goalkeepers, homogeneity was achieved in the variables (age, height, and weight), and parity between the two research groups in the skill variables that were determined by the specialists. The experimental design called the random-choice control group design with pre- and post-test was adopted. The research procedures included the design of interactive agility exercises, which were applied to the experimental group, as well as conducting a number of The exploratory experiments were conducted to determine the exercises used as well as the appropriate intensity, as well as the appropriate repetitions and rest times for these exercises, after which the tribal skill tests were conducted, then the interactive agility exercises were implemented on the experimental group, while the control group implemented the curriculum prepared by the team coach, during three Medium courses and by (9) small courses, and with a load movement (2: 1) in each medium course, and by (3) training units per week, and then the researchers conducted the post-skill tests with the same procedures and steps that were followed in the tribal tests, and they were dealt with The data was statistically used by using the SPSS program to obtain (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, skew coefficient, t-test for related samples, t-test for independent samples), effect size (Test Eta Squared) (Cohen d Test) 0 and percentage. The results, the interactive agility exercises implemented by the experimental group achieved development in all basic skills by comparing the results of all tribal and posterior variables for the players of the experimental group, as well as the superiority of the experimental group over the control group in all skill tests

The study aimed to reveal the significance of the statistical differences in several physical variables between the pre-and post-test of the experimental group that used tactical exercises using the Motion Offense method, and the control group that used the exercises prepared by the trainer, as well as revealing the significance of the statistical differences in the variables mentioned between the two research groups in the post-test.
The research sample consisted of (10) players who were divided into two groups 5, control and experimental. The research procedures included determining the physical variables and physical tests using the questionnaire conducting the homogeneity of the research sample and conducting parity between the two research groups. The tactical exercises were determined using the Motion Offense method, the exploratory experiments, the pre-test, the implementation of the tactical exercises, and the post-test, and the appropriate statistical treatments were carried out. The results were as follows:
The coach\'s tactical exercises carried out by the control group made significant progress in the direction-changing chuck. The coach\'s tactical exercises did not make significant progress (chest pass, jump shot, normal shot, and one-handed over-the-shoulder pass).
The experimental group that used the tactical exercises (Motion offense) method in the post-test was superior to the control group that used the trainer’s exercises in the offensive skill variables (chest pass, direction changing chuck, and jump shot).

The study aimed to :
- Preparing rebound (strength and speed) exercises on inclined surfaces for young volleyball players.
- Detecting the effect of the rebound strength style on inclined surfaces in several skill variables for young volleyball players.
-Detection of the effect of the rebound speed style on inclined surfaces in several skill variables for young football players.
- Detecting the significance of the differences between the post-tests of the two research groups in several skill variables for young volleyball players.
The researchers used the experimental method by designing two equal groups to suit the nature of the research. The research community included all the (3) volleyball clubs in Nineveh Governorate, and the researchers chose the research sample deliberately from the players of Sinjar Youth Sports Club in volleyball for the sports season 2021/2022, which numbered (14) players, and to ensure control over the selection of the sample was divided into Each player on the field is allocated as follows (a prepared player, numbering two players, a high-hitter player (2), numbering four, a center player (3), numbering two players, a high-hitter player (4), numbering four, a free player (caliber) numbering two players And they were excluded for not participating in the offensive skills and the blocking wall) and thus the number of the research sample became (12) players So that they were divided by lottery into the two groups according to each specialization by (6) players for each group, who represent (30%) of the research community. So (the first group) trains on rebounding strength exercises, while the (second group) trains on rebounding speed exercises, all of them on inclined surfaces.

The research aims to identify the effect of a physical load using the treadmill on respiratory muscle fatigue in terms of the instantaneous response to the strength of the respiratory muscles Effort? the descriptive approach was used for its suitability to the nature of the current research, where the sample consisted of (9) athletes practicing arena and field effectiveness. If they are characterized by good health and high athletic performance, and they are not smokers, the strength of the inspiratory and expiratory muscles was measured before the effort during the rest period and immediately after the effort. Significant differences in the expiratory muscle strength variable (EMS) with the probability value (0.008) in the expiratory muscle strength variable, the researcher concluded that the physical load using the treadmill would affect the values of muscle Expiratory muscle strength (EMS) does not increase inspiratory muscle strength (IMS

The research aims to analyze the explosive power training programs in a way beyond statistical analysis to determine the best training programs in explosive power training by identifying the degree and level of impact. The descriptive-analytical method (content analysis) was used for its relevance and the nature of this research. The research community was represented in the theses and dissertations on the training programs in the game of football, which numbered (37) studies, represented by the faculties of physical education and sports sciences in (the University of Dohuk, University of Sulaymaniyah, University of Salah al-Din, University of Mosul, University of Koya, Soran University, University of Zakho). As for the research sample, it was chosen deliberately and in a comprehensive inventory method for the training programs for the youth category, which numbered (25) studies, with a percentage of (68%). As a means of collecting information, content analysis, a research analysis form, and statistical analysis of the effect size (Cohen) were used. The researchers concluded that most of the training programs for explosive power training had a large effect size and had an ideal impact level. The researchers recommended the need to reconsider the experimental designs and their statistical treatments for the training programs for explosive power training and to use (meta-analysis) as a statistical treatment to determine the size and level of impact of the training programs

The study aimed to:
 Identifying some physical determinants of wrestling players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years.
 Evaluation of some physical determinants of wrestling players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years through:
 Finding grades and standard levels for some physical determinants of wrestling players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17).
 Identifying the differences for some physical determinants of wrestling players in the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent in Nineveh
Governorate for ages (15-17) through (the specific model).
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher assumed the following:
 There are significant differences in some physical determinants of wrestling players between the selected model and the talented ones from the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent, in favor of the model.
As for the research procedures, the researcher used the descriptive approach in its survey and comparative style, and the research sample consisted of (32) wrestling players representing the specialized school in the National Center for Sports Talent in Nineveh Governorate for ages (15-17) years, and the researcher used scientific sources and references, questionnaire and test as means To collect the data, the researcher also used the mean, standard deviation, percentage, simple correlation coefficient, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, T-test for one sample, law of subjective validity and modified standard score (six-sigma) as statistical means.

The goal of the research is to identify the statistical differences in the degree of the availability of vocational performance standards for physical education teachers in Nineveh Governorate from the point of view of teachers and supervisors specializing in. The descriptive, analytical approach was relied upon with its suitability with the research goal, and the research community included physical education teachers in the city of Mosul, where the community included (631) teachers for sports education. As for the research sample, the researchers chose the research sample random way and included (240) teachers and supervisors (200) A teachers for the final experience and (30) teachers for the exploratory experience as well as (10) specialists in a specialization that constitutes a percentage of (37.44%) of the research community and used the analysis of resources, questionnaire and the personal interview to collect data. The proposed criteria were prepared) Criteria. The research found, that the degree of evaluation of vocational performance among physical education teachers in Nineveh Governorate was at an average level in general on the list and all axes and indicators in particular. There are no differences d Statistically, in the degree of availability of vocational performance standards for physical education teachers in Nineveh Governorate from the point of view of teachers and supervisors specializing

The current study aimed to identify the relationship between some elements of physical fitness and the building components of middle school students, where the researcher used the descriptive approach to suit the problem. The research community was deliberately chosen from the category of intermediate schools in Nineveh Governorate / Al-Hamdaniya district, and from the second stage, which numbered (70) students. The research sample was chosen for the main experiment by the intentional method, as (32) students were selected after the obese, elderly, injured, and chronically ill, and those who had frequent absences were excluded. The researcher used the following statistical methods (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Skewness, simple correlation coefficient (R) Pearson), and the search results were processed for the statistical means that were mentioned using the electronic statistical program spss. The researcher concluded that there is a relationship between some elements of physical fitness and the building components of middle school students

The study aimed to:
Preparing a scale of the perceived motivational climate for Iraqi university basketball players.
- Identifying the perceived motivational climate scale among Iraqi university basketball players.
The researcher used the descriptive approach for its relevance and the nature of the research. The research community included Iraqi university team players participating in the preliminary and final rounds in the Iraqi university’s basketball championship approved by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (Student Activities Department) that took place in Mosul and Baghdad for the academic year (2021- 2022,( and the total number of players reached (190) as shown in Table (1), distributed among (12) universities, and the construction sample amounted to (110) players representing (57.85%) of the research community. The application reached (40) players, representing (21.05%) of the research community. As for the exploratory experiment sample, it amounted to (10) players representing (5.26%) of the research community, and the researcher used the SPSS statistical bag) to get, the researcher concluded the following: -
The Iraqi university basketball players have an arithmetic mean score for the perceived motivational climate scale that is higher than the hypothetical average and the players have a high level of perceived motivational climate.