Al-Qadisiyah Journal For Humanities Sciences

Since mid-20th century, desertification is one of the most serious
environmental problems that has economic and urban impacts on large
number of world population. The major reason of this phenomena is the
arid climate, shortage of water and the misapplication of natural resources
especially in the rural areas. These factors lead to the disintegration of the
associations between natural environment and its social, economic and
urban surroundings.
The most important result of the study is that desertification problem
is in continuous aggravation because of the indifference to its danger and
its future effects in addition to the lack of environmental, agricultural
planning and mismanagement of environmental resources. Also, there is
no coordination between the ministries and the environmental,
agricultural and water institutions. It is clear that the environmental
effects are grave especially after the deterioration of biological cover and
lack of biodiversity, and the increase of dust storms especially during the
arid climate and heat waves in the last two decades. In respect to
demographic situation, the economic and social reality deteriorate in the
rural area of Al-Qadisiyah province due to desertification effects on
agriculture. As a result, people start migration from the rural areas
towards urban centers.

The main function of language is communication, but it does not depend on forms, sentences, or
certain sructures. Language is a social establishment that responds to the needs Of the society
and cares for its habits and traditions. This proves that communication does not happen
accidentally because there are principles that are put by society, to which language has to
respond. As a result, pragmatism is considered with establishing principles Of acceptance to
allow speech or refuse it.Communication, then, is coditioned by truthfulness, ethics. and the
care for what is accepted between the speaker and the listner. Through communication, the
culture and nature of any society appears. The aim of this research is to show pragmatically the
concern with politeness in speech,which has been established by Paul Grice in his principle of
cooperation that paved the way for many studies in this field. There are different principles of
politness that are introduced by different researchers. The main concern was with what is
prohibited and how the listners deal with them using different techniques. This topic is original
in Quran and there are many references to it in many verses that concentrate on politeness in
communication. The ethics of speech are also present in the Arabic heritage and in the books of
scientists in its different topics. Through these evidences they come nearer to modern western
and Arabic linguists.

The aim of the research is to identify the human capacity of medical personnel in light of
the Covid-19 pandemic, and the research sample amounted to 200 medical personnel,
who were chosen by the stratified random method of equal distribution. The two
researchers built a scale of human competence, and extracted for the scale the terms of
validity and reliability, and the appropriate statistical means were applied. The most
important results of the research indicate that doctors have more than nurses in human
capacity according to the variable nature of work, and there were also statistical
differences according to the gender variable in human capacity and in favor of females,
and according to the results of the research, the two researchers developed a set of
important recommendations and suggestions

Child labour is a phenomenon which exists in the majority of world countries whether they
are a developed or developing countries though it spreads more in poor countries, Iraq is
regarded as one of the representative countries where child labor appears despite it is a rich oil
producing country. However , the recent Iraqi conditions of wars , economic siege and others
made this country a fertile ground for child labour which is even more increasing nowadays . Since
this phenomenon is very dangerous for the children themselves as well as for society in general ,
this paper aims at this problem as a focus of study . Al-Qadisiyah governorate was selected as a

The process of developing stress, which results from making a lot of decisions
that cause a decrease in quality daily, after a period of time is considered stress
for decision (Kotabe, 2016:43), while vigilant self-care is considered active
practices of behaviors that facilitate and maintain harmony and balance between
the internal aspects of the self (Kotabe, 2016:43). Cognitive, emotional, and
physiological) and the external aspects of the self (such as the family, society and
culture) (Hotchkiss et al., 2019). To identify the correlation between decision
stress and vigilant self-care, a sample of department heads in Iraqi universities
was randomly and stratified, amounting to (200) The first scale was built based

Can nostalgia be related to attachment styles? In order to know this aims, The researchers
chose a sample of married couples at University of Al Qadisiyah, which consisted of (340)
married, they are chosen randomly. The researchers used the nostalgia scale, and the
attachment styles scale, which are characterized by validity and reliability. The results of the
study refers to Married people use nostalgia, they have a secure attachment style, and there
are positive relationship between nostalgia and secure attachment style among married.

The research aims to use a statistical method represented in industrial concentration and diversity
in the study area to find out the extent of the concentration and diversity of agricultural industries
in the study area. Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, which includes the agricultural industries in the
study area (15) industries. The private sector constitutes the largest part and a percentage of up to
(99%) of the total agricultural industryes amounting to (830) establishments, as it is dominated by
their small size. In the province, activating the role of the industrial bank by providing agricultural
industries with loans with low interest in order to encourage the owners of the industrial
establishment to develop and develop agricultural industries

The study of Turkish-American relations is an important topic, because Turkey is distinguished by its
demographic weight and its important geographical and strategic location, and for its strong ties with
the United States. Hence the importance of the research topic, which came under the title: “The
position of the United States of America on military rule in Turkey (1993-1974). "The discussion deals
with the political situation inside Turkey from 1973 to 1980 AD, then the military coup in Turkey led by Canaan Evren in 1980 AD, and the American relations with Turkey after the military coup, and
finally the discussion will deal with US-Turkish relations under Turgut Ozal (1983-1993). Then a
conclusion dealing with the most important findings of the research.

The research aims to identify the correlation between the perceived personal
environmental conformity and psychological empowerment among the employees of the
University of Al-Qadisiyah, in order to achieve this aim, the researcher selected (400) male
and female employees at the University of Al-Qadisiyah, using a stratified random method
with a proportional distribution, to whom was applied the Perceived Personal
Environmental Congruence Scale that the researcher built according to Christoph Brown’s
theory (2000, Kristof- Brown) in its final form, and this scale consists of (28) items, and the
researcher has also built a psychological empowerment scale according to the theory of
Kretchen Spritzer (Spretzer, 1995), which in its final form consisted of (19) paragraphs, and
both scales had the characteristics of truthfulness and constancy. After using the appropriate statistical means, the researchers found that the employees of the University of
Al-Qadisiyah have a perceived personal environmental match with their places of work and
workplaces, and they enjoy psychological empowerment that enables them to perform their
administrative tasks. The study also concluded that there is no statistically significant
correlation between the two variables among the employees, and based on what the
research results showed, the researchers made a number of important recommendations
and suggestions

he study aims to identify the phenomenon of child beggary in the city of Diwaniyah, as well as
study its impact on the population of Al-Diwaniyah city on the spread of drug abuse by some
children beggars in the city. The field study was relied upon by distributing a questionnaire
randomly to some beggars due to the difficulty of counting and selecting a sample for the study, to
study The phenomenon and its most important causes and social, economic and psychological
effects, and the highest percentage of them reached in the neighborhoods of (Al-Nahda, Teachers,
Al-Sadiq Al-Awal, Al-Turath) and reached (8,6% ,8.6%,6.8%,6.8%,)As for the lowest percentage of
the phenomenon of beggary, it was concentrated in Al- wafa neighborhood (1.7%), and most of
the beggars are Roma in the first degree, then the displaced in the second degree.. With an
acceptable standard of living, but the economic feasibility of this work prompted them to put their
children into it.

One of the greatest dangers of poverty and urban marginalization, is not the loss of the socially
dislocated workforce, but rather what marginalization can constitute from the transformation of
the marginalized into groups that suffer negative reactions within an invisible world. UNDER
WORLD may endanger city security. Hence the research problem.
Neglecting and disregarding the obligations of the state makes its members revolt against it
because it (the state) has failed in its contract with the parish according to the theory of the
social contract, and among the proposals:: Projects for people with limited income should be
established inside cities or on their outskirts, and housing projects should be encouraged by
providing suitable lands and then Activating the role of municipal control in the construction
legislation

The poetic experience of Sadiq Al-Tarihi is an artistic and aesthetic reflection, and
this is evident at the various levels that language performs to create its
connotation, symbol and meanings to affect the life experience until it becomes
itself the poet’s experience of writing, and for every text written by the poet
there must be an end so that life turns into a language, because (Language is a
necessity of human life and the maker of human journey)
Our study was based on four levels, as follows: the words of love, the words of
nature, the words of colors, the words of death.
The study is devoted to knowing the manifestations of the poetic lexicon in AlTarihi’s speech, divided into semantic fields.

The physical environment has a tremendous impact on the outcomes of
education and progress. The environment may be a positive factor that contributes
to the progress and improvement of education, and it may be a negative factor that
constitutes an obstacle to progress, especially if it is exploited in an ill-considered
manner by the family and the educational body. Therefore, heads of families and
educational institutions must It advances scientific solutions in order to improve the
physical environment to become a student-friendly environment that stimulates the
education process, and this is achieved through leadership and management,
leadership and its moral awareness of the student, whether school leadership or
family leadership.
This research dealt with the problem of education in terms of curricula and
infrastructure, up to the higher decisions that pertain to the student. The aim of the
research was to answer several questions, including: Does the environment in which
the student grows have an impact on the educational outcomes. Is education in the
countryside better than in the center? The research dealt with the most important
functions that affect the student's educational attainment, and among these
functions is the economic and educational function of the family and its impact on
the student from several aspects. The research also dealt with the types of
environments and their impact on the academic achievement of the children,
including the family environment, the scientific and economic environment, and the countryside better than in the center? The research dealt with the most important
functions that affect the student's educational attainment, and among these
functions is the economic and educational function of the family and its impact on
the student from several aspects. The research also dealt with the types of
environments and their impact on the academic achievement of the children,
including the family environment, the scientific and economic environment, and the
housing environment represented by the student’s place of residence in terms of the
distance and proximity to the school, the political environment and the last
environment.
At the end of the research there are the results and suggestions that the researcher
believes are consistent with the research problem.

The current research has included four chapters devoted the first chapter to a statement
of the research problem and its importance and the need for him and the goal of the research,
the second chapter (Theoretical Framework), which included two sections and ensure that
this research two axes the first topic dealt with beautyin modern thought , while the second
section took care of study: environment concept , environment and art , ceramic art and its
relationship to the environment , contemporary European ceramics, and include that the
third chapter (Search procedures), the fourth chapter took care of the results of the research
The most important conclusions :
1. Environmental art has several functions, including the developing of taste, the
dissemination of culture and an aesthetic addition to the environment.
2. Each artwork has a specific style in terms of different features, and some artworks
may have common features
3. Environmental art shifted from the idea of displaying works in the environment to
concern and preservation of the environment itself

The geographical spatio-temporal distribution and the annual changes of patients
from cancerous diseases have taken a varying and fluctuating pattern from one time
period to another, which began in the years following the American aggression on Iraq
in 1991, and gradually increased after the second Gulf War in 2003, which witnessed a
fluctuating increase at times and low On the other hand, because of the errors
contained in the records of the auditors on a monthly and annually basis in the study
area, and the high percentage of environmental pollutants left by internationally
prohibited weapons, such as depleted uranium shells, and the polluted environmental
residues they left that included all components of life throughout Iraq in general, and
the study area in particular. And the bitter painful reality that it left behind, and the
decline in health and medical services at all levels, the study area has suffered for many
years and is still suffering from its lack of the most basic elements of health care and
the lack of medical competence in all the governorate’s hospitals and specialized health

In order to achieve what this research aims at, the researcher prepared a scale to reveal the level
of awareness of the areas of biological security (health security, environmental security and food security)
among middle school students in day schools in the center of Dhi Qar Governorate, which numbered (8)
schools, and the number of schools reached The responsive students are (390), and after correcting the
scale, the researcher found that the arithmetic mean of the students is (265) greater than the hypothetical
mean (192), and this means that there is no statistically significant difference, and thus the students have
awareness of biological security, and the researcher concluded that the students of the stage The middle
school (boys and girls) have awareness of biological security as a result of the absence of a statistically
significant difference when comparing the hypothetical mean with the arithmetic mean

The research aims to identify the effectiveness of teaching (4EX2) model in the critical
thinking of the fifth grade students in biology, in order to verify the goal researcher
formulated the following hypothesis zero :There is no difference of statistical mark at the mark level (0.05) between marks
average of experimental group students, who studied according to (4EX2) model, and the
marks average of control group students, who studied according to the traditional
approach in critical thinking test.
The research community determined all fifth grade students of biological science in the
preparatory and secondary schools for girls of the Directorate General of Education of
Qadisiyah, the second semester of the academic year (2018-2019), while the research
sample was chosen intentionally, and was represented by fifth grade students in the
preparatory Damascus for girls, The experimental and control groups were randomly
selected from four divisions of 38 and 39 students in divisions C and A, respectively, The
researcher followed the experimental design of partial control of the experimental and
control groups with the post-test in critical thinking test, The researcher equated between
the two groups students in the following variables: (temporal age, previous achievement,
critical thinking), the researcher prepared teaching plans according to the steps of the
model as well as developed the research tool, a test of critical thinking, which was built
according to the skills identified by both Watson and Alexander as critical thinking
(knowledge of assumptions, interpretation, Evaluation of arguments, deduction, and
conclusion) and consist of (75) paragraphs on the veracity and consistency, and at the end
of the experiment applied the research tool and collected data and statistically processed
by appropriate statistical means, the results of the research showed the effectiveness of the
(4EX2) model in improving the critical thinking of students and in light of this went out

The research aims to identify the correlation between the sense of citizenship and the place
attachment of the slum dwellers in the center of Al-Diwaniyah city, and to achieve this goal, the
research sample of (504) male and female citizens of the slum dwellers was selected, by the random
مجلة القادسية للعلوم االنسانية المجلد )24 )العدد ) 3 ) السنة )2021)
347
stratified method and by the equal method, and for the purpose of measuring this goal, the Building a
scale to measure the feeling of citizenship in its final form consisted of (25) items, and building
another scale to measure place attachment in its final form consisted of (24) items after verifying
their validity and stability and analyzing their paragraphs statistically and completing the procedures
of the two search scales. The results were extracted by analyzing the citizens’ answers using the bag
Statistical for Social Sciences (SPSS) through the computer and using a number of statistical
methods, including: (T-test for two independent samples, T-test for one sample, and Pearson
correlation coefficient). Citizenship among slum dwellers according to the gender variable (males
and females), and there is a statistically significant difference according to the age variable and in
favor of the age The largest, and the slum dwellers have a high attachment to the place, and there is
no statistically significant difference in the spatial attachment among the slum dwellers according to
the gender variable (males and females), and there is a statistically significant difference according to
the age variable and in favor of the older ages, and there is no correlation between the feeling
Citizenship and place attachment to slum dwellers, and based on the results of the research, the
researchers developed a set of recommendations and suggestions