Muthanna Medical Journal

Hemodialysis (HD) is an important modality of renal replacement therapy and during HD, patients are at greater risk of cardiovascular complication compared with the general population, with estimated risk is as high as (8 to 20) fold. Most important cardiovascular complications during hemodialysis include; hypotension, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia and heart failure. The aim of study is to evaluate patient on hemodialysis for occurrence of cardiovascular complication. One hundred patients on hemodialysis were enrolled in this study. Patients were evaluated for cardiovascular complication when they were undergoing hemodialysis through physical examination, electrocardiogram and echocardiography during their admission in hemodialysis unit. The age of the patients enrolled ranged from 30 to 75 years. The mean BMI was ranging from 19 to 29 kg/m2. In this study cardiovascular complications encountered are hypotension (the most frequent complication reported), followed by ventricular ectopic, angina, AF, SVT, LV dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease, AMI and stroke. Hypotension was significantly more in patients with UF >500 ml. Angina and PVD were significantly associated with graft type of venous access. Inconclusion: Hypotension was the most commonly reported cardiovascular complication of hemodialysis in patients who has had a high ultrafiltration rate; presence of other common comorbidity like diabetic mellitus, hypertension, and smoking increase the risk of angina, arrhythmia and infarction

Undescended testis is the most common genital anomaly that affects infants and boys. It has
serious complications if left untreated at the proper time. The aim of treatment is to replace
the testis to its normal scrotal position where normal testicular development and
spermatogenesis occurs. A total of 60 patients with undescended testes were enrolled in this
prospective study that extended over three years. Ages with the mode of presentations,
methods of identification (physical examination vs. ultrasound study), types of surgery and the
results of histopathology were all reported. Only 10 patients (16.6%) presented within the
recommended time of surgery (< 2 years). Regarding the mode of presentations: for 26/60
patients (43.3%) the pathology was detected by their parents, 6/60 (10%) were detected by
the patients themselves and the remaining 28/60 (46.6%) presented with complications.
Identification and localization of the undescended testes were made clinically in 55/60
patients, whereas only in 41/60 patients were the undescended testes detected by ultrasound
examination. Overall, 48/60 patients (80%) were treated by orchiopexy and 9/60 patients were
treated by orchiectomy. The histopathology of the excised testes revealed permanent
testicular damage in all the specimens. In-Conclusions: There is a lack of enough public
awareness about this problem and its complication in our society. Orchiopexy at the proper
time effectively prevents testicular damage, whereas orchiectomy is reserved for neglected
damaged testes to avoid serious complications.

The obesity is a problem of global importance with a significant impact on maternal-fetal
health. Maternal overweight and obesity cause pregnancy complications such as gestational
diabetes, hypertension and preeclampsia and affects fetal growth. The aim of study is to
evaluate neonatal complications at birth associated with maternal obesity, expressed as body
mass index (BMI) in a sample unselected geographical population. This is a cross-sectional
study; it was done at the departments of NICU and Gynecology in Al-Emamain Alkhadamian
Medical City hospital in Baghdad from the period 1st of February 2017 to the 31th of December
2017. A total of 514 pregnant women who gave birth in that period were included in this study.
We divided them into three groups according to the (BMI) BMI (20-25 k) Normal =257 pregnant women, BMI (25.1-30 kg/m2). Overweight =183 pregnant women & BMI >30 kg/m2
Obese = 74 pregnant women. Obese women had a significant increase of incidence than
average-weight women to have an infant with congenital heart diseases (14.78%), neural tube
defect (9.33%), orofacial clefts (13.61%), multiple congenital anomalies (3.3%), RDS
(18.67%), hypoglycemia (10.5%), low Apgar score (53.69%), low birth weights (3.5%),
macrosomia (21.4%) and preterm and postdate deliveries (95.71%). In conclusions, a
significant association between mothers’ BMI > 25 and fetal outcomes, the most common
congenital anomalies associated with maternal BMI >25 were the congenital heart diseases
and neural tube defects. There was an increase in the frequencies of other neonatal
complications like: (RDS, low birth weights, macrosomia, hypoglycemia, orofacial clefts, low
Apgar score, and others).