JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCES

The educational aids are of great importance in the field of learning and education, because of the behavioral goals achieved by these methods, the achievement of the lesson objectives, the solution of problems, and the increase in the learner’s acceptanceof the educational process and the study material, and that the use of educational aids of devices, tools, and materials used by the trainer or teacher is to improve the process Learning, shortening its duration, and using it increases the depth of the training effect, accelerating learning with the least possible time and effort, to learn various motor skills, as well as creating the motivation that makes the learner eager to perform the skill, as it attracts
attention of the learner, which increases his motivation towards performance and satisfies the needs of the learner, As well as involving all the senses of the learner in the learning process.And that educational aids have an effective effect on learning the motor and difficult skills, especiallyin the sport of gymnastics, because of their effective impact in the fragmentation and learning of the motor skill, and then linking the parts of the skill, which facilitates the process of learning complex and difficult skills in the sport of gymnastics,and from here the research problem emerged Through the researchers noticing that there is a weakness in the performance of the Arab jump skill with a half on the carpet of ground movements in the technical gymnastics of the third stage students, and the importance of the research lies in the knowledge of: The carpet of the ground movements of the artistic beauty of students)The researchers used the experimental approach by designing the two groups (experimental and control) with the pre and post test to suit the nature of the research. Randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control.)The experimental group applied the educational units using the manufactured device and prepared exercises at the rate of one educational unit per week over a periodof (3) weeks for the period from 24/2/2019 to 3/17/2019, and the control group applied the curriculum followed in the college for the same studied variables.The researchers concluded that the exercises prepared according to the manufactured educational apparatus had positively contributed to the learning of the experimental group of the research skill (the Arab jump with half a lap) in the artistic gymnastics, which indicates the effectiveness of the exercises using the manufactured device

Most countries of the world aim to follow the correct educational methods in delivering their athletes to the coronation podiums and achieve the highest levels in all sports and events. There is no doubt that choosing the appropriate sports individual for the type of specialized event is the first step towards achieving the planned goals and that the selection process must be objective according to Many variables are based on determining the effectiveness requirements and their reflection on the characteristics of practitioners in all mental and psychological aspects in order to guide students towards the appropriate activity for them according to specific scientific foundations aimed at reaching high levels of sports. The importance of research lies in identifying which determinants are better in choosing handball players. It is the physical intelligence, the physical self, or the psychological tendency, which will give an initial picture to specialists and those interested in this topic. The problem of research based on the selection process is not able to reach which individuals are better. Is he distinguished in the variable of physical intelligence, the one who owns the physical self, or who owns the direction Psychology that suits this game, and accordingly, the summary of the problem is the answer to the following question: Is the choice of the No. An individual according to the body-kinesthetic intelligence is the best or the choice according to the physical self is the best or the psychological trend in the performance of some handball skills. As for the objectives of the research, the students were selected
according to the physical intelligence, the physical self and the psychological direction, and the preparation of a group of special exercises for some basic handball skills

The feedback is one of the most important elements of learning a motor for any skill and in any sport or activity because it is responsible for modifying the behavior of the learner before the stability of the performance and the persistence of erroneous pathways, including the recent feedback, feeding the biomechanical away from the evaluation and trying to modify the self behavior, Research is the difficulty in finding mistakes by learners and relying primarily on the teacher of thesubject. The objective of the research was to use the technique of mechanical learning to accompany biomechanical feedback to learn the skill of scoring from basketball jumping and to recognize the effect of the technique of mechanical learning on the biomechanical feedback on some biomechanical variables and the accuracy of scoring from basketball jumping. Basic Education -Department of Physical Education and Mathematical Sciences -evening study and 12 students were randomly divided into two groups and a female inspector.
pilot experiment was carried out to portray some individuals with proficiency, in order to avoid negatives, to determine some measurements, and to perform tribal tests, photograph them and analyze their data mechanically. And then start with the technical method accompanied by the biomechanical feedback of the experimental group and the synchronization of the learning with the performance of the performance and the participation of the learners in the skill analysis of the performance, for the learner to see his skill and see the direct dynamic analysis errors are detected to try to repeat performance after the amendment.After the end of the number of units of 8 units, a test of the two tests was conducted under the same conditions and possibilities asthe pre-test. Then, the dynamic analysis of the skill (scoring from the basketball jump) and the results of the comparison between the two groups, For the benefit of the experimental group, thus achieving the research objectives

Summary of the research"The research included an introduction and its importance, and the importance of the research was addressed, which lies in improving the movement paths of boxers, controlling performance well, isolating movements and internal muscle contractions that affect the performance and abilities of the boxer during training units and official matches, achievinggood results and matching the result with the plan and prepared planning.As for the research problem, and through the researcher's review of scientific references and sources in the field of boxing training and being a practitioner of boxing, he noticedweakness in some physical abilities, including explosive force and fluctuation in the level of skillful performance (straight punches), so the researcher decided to prepare special exercises to develop explosive strength and perform straight punches. Forjuniors and contribute to improving and developing the level of players and also contribute to finding some positive solutions and knowing the extent of their impact on performance and be worthy of benefit and benefit to the coach and player and achieve the best sports achievementsAs for the fields of research, the human field: a sample of young boxers at the age of (15-16) years, the time domain: for the period from 4/5/2020 until 4/7/2020, the spatial field: the Hall of the Athletic Champions for Martial Arts. The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability to the nature of the problem. The research community included (50) boxers, and the research sample consisted of (16) boxers. The sample was chosen randomly. The pre-test was applied on (3-6 / 2/2020). As for the post tests (5-9 / 6/2020), the researcher used the statistical bag (spss) to extract the scientific foundations and the researched test. The researcher concluded that the prepared exercises have a positive role in developing explosive power and skillful performance, especially the skill of punches (right and left). It also shows that there are differences in development between the experimental and control group and for the benefit of the experimental group. Modern equipment in the units prepared in the training approach

The present study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of constructive learning in developing skillful thinking and learning a number of offensive skills in basketball, and the moral differences between the control and experimental research groups in the post-test in skillful thinking and learning a number of offensive skills with basketball. The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability to the nature of the research, and the research sample included (44) students of the fifth year of middle school in Abu Hanifa high school for the academic year 2019-2020, with (20) students for the experimental group and (20) students for the control group. The homogeneity and parity between the groups was carried out in the basic physical measurements (age, height, mass) and some elements of physical fitness affecting basketball, the researcher relied on the smart thinking scale previously prepared (Al-Saffar, 2011) to measure skillful thinkingThe statistical bag (SPSS) was used for data processors using: the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage, (T) test for linked and unrelated samples.The study came out with a number of conclusions, the most important of which were:The educational curriculum prepared according to constructive learning and the curriculum followed by the subject teacher has proven its effectivenessin developing subtle thinking among the research sample.The educational curriculum prepared according to the constructive learning and the curriculum followed by the subject teacher has proven its effectiveness in teaching the offensive skills under investigation.The educational curriculum prepared according to constructive learning has proven its importance in developing the skilled thinking of the research sample, and better than the method used.The educational curriculum prepared according to constructive learning proved its importance in teaching offensive skills with basketball, and better than the approach followed

By informing the researcher of the scientific sources in the physiology of sports training and following up on the training programs in the studies and research that were made available to him, he noticed the lack of interest in using scientific methods that work to develop special physical capabilities in a scientific, orderly and thoughtful manner based on accuracy and ease of application, and the need for them to achieve physical development And physiological, as well as to improve the skill performance because of this is of great importance to handball players, depending on what is new from the results of studies and research, so the researcher's interest in this problem began and he decided to studytraining with weights that represent additional burdens for parts of the body or the body as a whole as a type of resistance training with appropriate proportions , As strength training in handball aims to develop muscle movement in order to master the skills of this game and provides protection to the musculomotor structure against the imbalance that often leads to muscle fatigue, because some resistance training can develop unhealthy levels such as stress or sports injuries that It may occur at the bony ends or the player becomes vulnerable to bony damage later.The current research aims at the following:1 .Identify the effect of weight training in developing some special physical abilities of young handball players.2 .Identify the effect of training with added weights on some physiological and skill indicators of young handball players.The researcher used the experimental approach with two experimental groups to suit the nature of the research, and the research community consisted of the handball players of Diyala governorate clubs (Diyala Club and Muqdadiyah Club), whose number is (24) players, and the study sample was chosen from Diyala Sports Club youth players by the deliberate method, and the adult Their number is (12) players officially registered in the records of the Central Handball Federationwith a percentage of (50%) from the original community., and (4) players represented the exploratory sample of young players Muqdadiya Sports Club for handball

AbstractThe research aims to uncover the following:-The detection of the effect of using exercises in the two styles of confrontation (positional and inclusive) for the experimental group on some skill variables.-The significance of the differences between the experimental and control research groups for dimensional tests in some skill variables.The researcher used the experimental method for its suitability and the nature of the research, and the experiment was carried out on a sample of the Nineveh governorate's education team with football for halls for the academic season (2019-2020), of which (45) players were selected, and the best (18) players were selected.The researchers concluded the following:-The experimental group that used planning exercises (positional and inclusive) developed through the training curriculum an improvement in the following skill variables (scoring, passing, damping, rolling) better than the control group that used the curriculum prepared by the trainer.-The experimental group that used the training curriculum acquired a development in all the basic skills dealt with in the research when comparing results between the pre and post tests in favor of the post test -The control group that used the trainer's training curriculum did not gain progress in the previously mentioned skill variables when comparing itsresults between the pre and post tests except in some skill variables.(Scoring, suppression, and rolling), which showed significant differences in the post-test of the control group

Mathematical physiology is one of the basic sciences in the field of sports, which in essence is subject to the laws of human sciences, such as educational psychology and natural sciences, such as mechanics, anatomy, sports training science and other sciences, as the functional aspect of training occupies a large part of the thinking of physiologists and sports training.And the sport of freestyle swimming is important, as the methods of movement and breathing of a person differ during his performance of the sport of free swimming from what is the case in the movements on land. In the performance on the surface of the earth, the player feels that he is dealing with the same environment that he deals with in daily movements in addition to the possibility of controlling the breathing process more On land more than it can be controlled in the water, but in free swimming, its mechanism requires the swimmer to keep the head low in the water most of the race distance and not to breathe except from the side and under one of the arms, and this breathing mechanism makes the percentage of oxygen reaching the working muscles less than needed. The body must influence its members to serve itSimple fats are triglycerides, phospholipids, and sterols. Triglycerides are an important source of energy and can be stored in adipose tissue as an important energy reserve (udi & Hanna, 1987, 215). Sports activity plays an important role in improving the level of fitness and improving the proportion of lipids in the blood, as the increase in the level of total fats in the blood plasma is a negative factor affecting the life of mankind due to the great relationship between this increase and the possibility of increasing cardiovascular disease. Likewise, there is a significant relationship between the increase in the weight of the fats stored in the body and the increase in triglycerin in the blood (Al-Hajjar, 2002, 26)The study aimed at the following.Identify the response of some functional indicators and the level of certain fats in the blood of the advanced long-distance swimmersIdentify the differences between the pre and post tests in the functional indicators and the level of some fats in the blood of the applicants long distance swimmersThe researchers assumed.There were statistically significant differences in the functional indicators and the level of some fats in the blood of the long-distance swimmers of the applicantsThe presence of significant differences between the pre and post tests in the functional indicatorsand the level of some fats in the blood of the long distance swimmers of the applicantsThe research sample was destroyed after the researchers deliberately identified the research community with the players of the Nineveh governorate swimming team, whosenumber is (24) players. The category of applicants, whose number is (8), was deliberately chosen from this communityThe researchers used the following statistical methods (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, (t-Test) for related samples, coefficientof variation)The Statistical Package (SPSS) version 11.0 was used for the purpose of statistical data processing

Research Extract''''The research included its introduction and its importance and was addressed to find standard levels of administrative work ethics for the teachers of sports education in Diyala province.To be a guide that helps educators assess the ethical abilities of teachers. The problem with research is the lack of studies showing the standard levels of administrative ethics of teachers of sports education. By building standard levels that reveal the levels of each teacher and are full of a solution to the problem. The research aims to build standard levels of administrative work ethics towards the study of sports education for some middle school principals in Diyala province.The areas of research included the human field of sports education teachers in Diyala province. The temporal area (7/1/2029_20/20/2020) and the spatial area of middle schools in Diyala province. The researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method to suit the nature of the problem. The research community included (281) teachers of sports education. The same research consisted of (140) teacher and teacher and the sample was chosen in a random way and then the scale was applied to the sample of the research consisting of (31) expressed (9/1/2020_13/2/2020) and the answers of the sample were corrected and the use of statistical bag (spss) to find the appropriate degree and standard levels. The researcher concluded the standard levels and grades of the level of administrative work ethics towards the education lesson. I recommend the adoption of standard levels and grades recommended by theresearcher in the evaluation and dissemination of teachers

The research allows to identify: preparing an educational curriculum according to the Frair model, and to learn some hand-held skills and cognitive achievement. Learn about the effect of the educational program on learning some of the skills of handball and cognitive achievement. According to the Fryer model, learning some skills are handball and cognitive achievement.In light of the research objectives, the researcher sets the following hypotheses. There are statistically significant differences between the pre and post tests of the control and experimental groups in learning some skills with handball. Experimental in learning some handball skills and cognitive achievement. The experimental approach was used and the research sample was chosen from the first stage students in the Department of Physical Education and Mathematical Sciences College of Basic Education University of Al-Mustansiriya University and the results resulted in the effectiveness of the Frair model has a positive impact on learning performance and cognitive achievement for handball, and it was recommended that teachers should follow many modern methods of learning, including Fryer Model

AbstractThe study aimed to identify the impactof the educational program by using e-learning techniques on developing mental abilities and technical performance by jerk lifting of students.The two researchers used the experimental method in the method of equal groups, and the research community was identified with first-grade students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences -Al-Muthanna University for the academic year (2018-2019) and their number (155) students. The educational program was prepared using electronic learning techniques for the experimental group using the computer and slide show (data show) as well as videos and still and moving images. The duration of the program implementation took (8) weeks at a rate of (2) dose per week with the gradation from easy to difficult. As for the most important conclusions reached by the researchers, namely:-The methods of e-learning techniques, with their diversity and presentation methods, including video films and international models in image and sound, have contributed to increasing students ’motivation towards learning jerk lifting

Abstract;The research problem was identified in the lack of interest in training motor abilities and the lack of training methods used by coaches in proportion to their importance in learning offensive skills among handball players. The aim of the research is to:Preparing special exercises for some movement abilities of handball players.-Knowing the effect of special exercises on some motor abilities of handball players.-Knowing the effect of some motor abilities on learning the skills of handling and correction among handball players.The researcher used the experimental approach to suit its suitability to the nature of the problem, as for the research sample, it included the players of the Specialized School for Sports Giftedness in Diyala, aged (12-14) years, totaling (10) players. The researcher prepared tests of movement capabilities, handling and correction skills necessary, and he conducted exploratory experiments to verify their scientific transactions Then he performed the pre-tests, followed by an experimental treatment for the experimental group that included the implementation of special exercises for a period of (8) weeks at a rate of (3) units per week, after which the post-tests were performed and the data were processed statistically using statistical transactions.1-The training program by the coach has a positive effect on developing the motor abilities and performance of the offensive skills of handball players.2-Special exercises have a better effect on developing the motor abilities of handball players.The researcher recommended several recommendations, the most important of which are:1-Interest in developing the motor abilities of players(12-14 years.)2-Using special exercises to develop the movement capabilities of players (12-14 years

AbstractThe science of teaching methods is one of the basic sciences thathas many contributions to the development and strengthening of the educational process that the use of unaccustomed strategies in the physical education lesson is to develop the physical, skill, mental and psychological capabilities of the learner throughpractice and learning the skills that enter the factor of suspense and competition among students The importance of research The use of the integrative method of standing On the extent of its effectiveness and its impact, as for the research problem, following the traditional method, which leads to boredom, lag and weakness in learning, the research hypothesized that there are significant differences between the control and experimental groups in post-tests and for the benefit of the experimental group, the research sample is the middle school students

AbstractOne of the basic principles that a basketball player relies on when shooting by jumping is his ability to fly to the appropriate height to ensure that the ball is not interrupted by the opponent, and this flight or the appropriate height depends on the player's output from the force on the ground and the force of pressure of the feet that are looking towards the ground The reaction force of the player's movement and making him projectile, and this height is directly proportional to the player's production of power, and in our belief that the jumping process differs according to the method of correction. In free shooting, when the play does not confront an opposing player, he does not need a large force to fly. A height commensurate with the height of the opponent's jump, but more than its height, in order to be able to direct the ball towards the basket safely from the opponent's player's pieces of the ball, and several devices have been used to measure the strength of the Earth's reaction, including the ground reaction force measuring platform, the foot scanner and the pressure measuring platform for the feet and these devices give us accurate indicators In terms of the strength of the reaction of the ground and the pressure of the pressure of the feet, the research problem is determined by identifying the differences in some variables of the pressure of the feet to shoot by jumping with and without defender for basketball players And the extent of the correlation between these two variables. Our research is unique to conducting it on advanced basketball players.The objectives of the research: To identify some of the values of the parameters of the reaction force of the ground and the force of pressure of the feet by shooting by jumping with or without a defender for basketball players. Identify the differences between shooting by jumping, with and without defender, for female basketball players in some variables of ground reaction force and feet pressure force. The researchers used the descriptive approach in both analytical and comparative methods

Mental processes are at the forefront of the education and training process at the present time, and one of the most important processes is spatial awareness of its importance in developing the cognitive aspect of the body in relation to other things such as the dimensions of the field, competitors and the ball, as the movement of players and their spread on the field has a prominent importance in performing skills in various games Especially handball because of the beauty of playing and coming out with a good result from the match. Beginners have difficulty in the spatial perception process with hand ball, which leads to the loss of the team’s efforts in fulfilling the requirements of the game. Therefore, the researcher decided to develop special exercises using (ropes) as an aid in developing the spatial perception aspect of the research sample. The aim of the researchers is to prepare special exercises using some educational aids (ropes) in developing spatial perception for ages (10-11) years by hand, and the effect of these exercises on developing the perceptual aspect of the place. The researchers used the experimental method with one group, and the research sample was determined by the deliberate method that included the fifth grade pupils, as the exercises were applied during the educational curriculum that lasted for (8) weeks by two units and a time (45 minutes), and after obtaining the results, the researchers concluded Special exercises had a positive and clear effect on the development of spatial perception of the hand wheel among the research sample

The rapid development in achieving high levels of sports in various sports fields, whether in individual or team games, one of which (badminton game) is no longer a coincidence, but rather came as a result of proper planning and programmed based on clear scientific foundations, as mastery of motor skills is not related to training qualifications only It is also related to the ability of the individual, and through the researcher watching and following up on international models and the local match and the Iraqi Universities Championship, which includes most of the national team players, I noticed a large number of players practicing this skill depending on the strength resulting from the elbow joint and forearm muscles only or from the shoulder joint and on the strength of the humerus muscles In the best cases, it depends on the shoulder girdle to produce force, and from here the research problem crystallizedAs the researcher deduced the extent of the influence of the joints and muscles associated with the working parts of the body represented by (the ulnar wrist flexor muscle) (radius) and the lack of investment and employment of this effect by the players prompted the researcher to take some electrical activity variables of the ulnar wrist flexor muscle to achieve its goals, as the researcher relied on The descriptive approach is based on the method of relational relations, which is the most appropriate method for solving a problem.The researcher selected the research sample by the deliberate method, namely the players for the men's national team with badminton for the 2018-2019 season, and the number (5 players) was in the badminton court hall in Al Athuri club. The researcher used methods and tools to collect information, including conducting a medical examination, determining the relevant tests, and presenting them to experts and specialists. The researcher conducted tests to reach the results of the research using the appropriate statistical means. The researcher concluded that there is a significant correlation between the electrical activity variables (EMG) of the working muscles and some biochemical variables and the level of skill performance during the (preparatory, main, and final) stage of the badminton of the individuals of the research sample