University of Kirkuk Journal For Administrative and Economic Science

The research dealt with the core information technology capabilities (the ability of information technology governance, the ability to think in business systems, the ability to build relationships) as an independent variable, and smart organizations are a dependent variable. Hawija, and for the purpose of reaching the research goals, the questionnaire was used as a main tool for data collection, and the Spss24 program was relied on in testing hypotheses, and the exploratory descriptive approach was used in dealing with theoretical and applied research data. An intentional sample consisted of (30) employees from the administrative leaderships at the institute, and the research reached the most important results that contribute to clarifying the relationship between the study variables and their dimensions, and the need for the institute to rely on the essential information technology capabilities in all its dimensions because of their developmental impact on building smart organizations, which Hawija Technical Institute helps adapt to volatile environmental conditions.
Keywords: core IT capabilities, smart organizations

The total quality management obtains the interesting of most business organizations because it can affect in the production of products to match the specification of the Global Manufacturing to give the customers what they prefers and their needs, it can make those organizations as Leading organizations in the competitive market; From this point on, the study aim to explain the affect of the total quality management on the increasing sales during a field study in The Kronja company for soft drinks in the province of Kirkuk . After reviewing the company's work, It has been collecting data based on questionnaire and analyzed them by statistical program ( SPSS), The study reached a number of conclusions and recommendations which fit the nature of the company's work.

The main target of this study is to discover the relationship and effect between the career plateau and the functional burn. A proposed model has been built in order to show the relation between the independent variable which consists of (structural plateau, content plateau, and personal plateau) and the dependent variable which consists of (functional stress, feeling of less accomplished, and emotional sag). Several hypotheses have been formulated in order to test the relationship between the variables. Authors have prepared a questionnaire which has been distributed in the General Directorate of Education for Nineveh - Department of AL- Hader in alkayar targeting 50 individuals in different levels of management . A specific statistical tool has been used for hypothesis test. The study has reached several conclusions, the main of them was that thethere is a state of readiness and desire among employees to acquire new skills and experiences and get higher positions, and it turns out that there is a relationship of correlation and moral impact between the two variables. The main suggestion of the study was the necessity of depending of professional affairs management.

The study aims to shed light on green financing and its role in achieving financial sustainability. The study's problem centered on a major question: Does green finance have a role in achieving financial sustainability? The study was based on the hypothesis that there are correlations and influence between green financing and achieving financial sustainability. The study chose the Mosul Development and Investment Bank as a community for the implementation of the study, and its sample included (45) respondents from its employees, and the study used the descriptive and analytical approach to measure and complete its requirements, dependent on The questionnaire form as a main tool in data collection, was analyzed through the statistical program (spss.Ver-19), and the study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which are: 1- Green financing has an important role in achieving financial sustainability. 2- There are significant correlations and impact between green financing and its dimensions, and achieving financial sustainability. The study suggested that all banks should direct their interest in green financing and its applications for its role in stimulating economic growth and financial industry development and improving the environment, and on the flow of sufficient funds to the market to support economic activities.

The current research deals with information technology and its role in raising the efficiency of the performance of the banking system by identifying the role of information technology (hardware, software, human resources skills) in raising the efficiency of the banking system in a sample of banks operating in the city of Kirkuk. In general, the research attempted to answer the following question:
- What is the role of information technology in raising the efficiency of the performance of the banking system.
To achieve this goal, the researchers prepared a questionnaire distributed to the research sample, and (83) questionnaires were analyzed using the statistical program (spss) and the research reached the most important conclusions. - The results showed that information technology (IT) with all its components plays an important role in the performance of the banking system.
- Workers in the banking system are based on their skills and experience gained using different technologies and software in providing different banking services with high quality and more efficient in Kirkuk.

Macroeconomic variables are defined as a set of economic factors that lead the economy to liberalize markets, privatize assets, withdraw some of its functions, and spread technology across continents.Therefore, many developing countries have adopted privatization policies in order to be affected by these types of changes aimed at increasing their economic growth. Our study was based on the hypothesis that macroeconomic variables contribute different roles in raising the rate of economic growth in developing countries. A number of these countries were selected, including Turkey, Egypt, Malaysia, Tunisia, and Jordan as a sample of our study. Time series in estimating the role of the mentioned variables in their economic growth. The practical results showed the significance of the foreign direct investment variable X1 with a positive impact on the economic growth rate in Tunisia and its effect was not positive in the mentioned growth in Malaysia. The economic growth in Turkey, Tunisia and Jordan was positive, while the impact of the total exports was significant and positive in the economic growth in Turkey, Egypt and Jordan, while its impact was not positive in Egypt, Malaysia and Tunisia, while the effect of inflation rate was not positive in Tunisia and Jordan. The significance of the rest of the estimated model variables has not been revealed. A number of conclusions have been reached. A competition from foreign products and reduce dependence on foreign imports exerted a negative impact on the mentioned growth rate.

This research aims to study the impact of economic variables on the Iraqi trade balance using the method of co integration during the period (2004 - 2017).
The result of the research is a significant number of results, namely, the effect of gross national income on the trade balance, and the higher the value of gross national income by one unit, the trade balance will increase by 0.129 units. The effect of the variable GDP on the trade balance variable is not significant. On the balance of trade and that the greater the value of total national expenditure by one unit, the balance of trade will increase by 0.100 units, significant effect of total savings on the balance of trade and that the more the value of total savings by one unit, the balance Trading will increase by 0.540 units, the effect of the exchange rate on the trade balance and the more the value of the exchange rate by one unit, the trade balance will be decreased by 0.485 units.
The research summarized that it is necessary to work to increase the Iraqi national income, because of its positive impact on the balance of trade and work to diversification of the Iraqi economy and not rely on oil only as a source of national income, increasing the rates of national spending on investment projects that help to increase the quantities produced goods, especially the products that Iraq nation can export them, which leads to a positive impact on the trade balance, increasing saving rates and try to invest the available resources in the best way that leads to a positive impact on the balance of trade, working to increase the value of the Iraqi dinar to the opposite the US dollar and try to reduce the exchange rate because this leads to a positive impact on the balance of trade

The study aimed to Achieve the integration of the steps of preparing the budget of the programs and performance in the Iraqi environment through the development of a method to achieve this integration and to indicate the contribution that can be achieved in improving the work of the government departments in Iraq in order to achieve transparency and accountability of revenues and expenditures that translate the objectives of government activity.
The study concluded that the use of the program and performance balance system leads to the optimal allocation of resources and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of programs and activities. The program and performance budget also contributes to the control mechanisms and responsibility for deviations, Evaluation of results and effects and to determine the extent of response to planned programs and achieve their objectives. The traditional budgets to link revenues and expenses to the centers of responsibility to achieve the appropriate framework to achieve effective control over performance.

The intensity of competition and technological developments in the present time is one of the most important challenges that made organizations consider finding radical solutions to meet these challenges by redesigning their production processes in line with the requirements of continuous development in productivity, as well as reducing the time and cost of completing the business properly, In addition, it prevents the couples work by reducing the frequency of activities and overlapping sections in their implementation, as well as the change in the style of technical and administrative work, which makes the organization able to reach creative productivity enables them to produce a product that exceeds competitors, and on this basis The study of the President is to re-engineering processes and their impact on achieving creative productivity field study in the State Company for the manufacture of medicines and medical supplies in Samarra, the researcher sought to include the current study in the light of data obtained through the questionnaire form prepared for this purpose and through the responses of respondents In the company, based on the results of the analysis was reached a set of conclusions and proposals that serve the company and the current study

Structural Equation Modelling SEM is widely and highly used as statistical techniques in both social sciences and behavioural sciences. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of students' attitude and perceptions with its variables (Enjoyment value, self-concept of student's abilities, Value, Difficulty, and Interest) on their statistics outcome using Structural Equation Modelling STM. Quantitative method was used; the data was collected from the students in statistics and information department at the college of administration and economic in the University of Sulaimani. 190 students at level (1, 2, 3, and 4) were randomly selected in which 156 questionnaires were returned. The response rate was 82.10%. It can be concluded that not all the hypothesis were confirmed and as well they were not statistically significant. Thus, firstly, a positive relationship was found between behaviour, difficulty and statistics-outcome, and value was found to not be a significant predictor of statistics-outcome in the structure equation model (SEM). These findings illustrate that increasing behavior also increase statistics-outcome. It is an expected situation that students who have a good behavior for statistics also have high levels of outcome of statistics. On the other hand, statistically there were no significant relationships between (Enjoyment value, self-concept, Interest) with statistical outcome. Moreover, there were significant relationship between (Difficulty, statistics attitudes) with statistics-outcome because the p-value were less than the common alpha 0.05 and the coefficient of statistics attitudes is (0.672). This indicates that for every addition in statistics attitudes, the statistics outcome will be increased by (0.672).

In this study it is required to estimate the economic growth function for wheat production, balanced panel data models was used to reach the main goal to predict wheat production depending on the area in acres and the precipitation in milliliter as explanatory variables the sample of the study contains (60) observations for the three variables explained later in Sulaimani, Hawler and Duhok cities for period(1992-2011).The pooled regression, fixed effect and random effect models have been run for the data under study and the postulated models compared depending on coefficient determination (R2) and Akaiki information criterion (AIC)and Hausman test to select the more adequate model that has a best performance that represents the phenomena of wheat production. According to the measures of (R2and AIC) the best model have been detected which is fixed effect model with (R2=%82, AIC=0.63).

Forecasting for the rate of precipitation is so important because in these lately years the climate has changed that effects on the weather this caused by the pollution of environment which is increase positively with the developing of industrials sector. In our country agriculture is one of the main branches of economic specially wheat and barley that are need rain, that’s why who may concern it must pay attention to collect pure data and analysing them and then forecasting the rate of precipitation to put a plan for the economic in future years, the GM(1,1) and FOGM(1,1) models have been used for forecasting the rate of precipitation, to compare and select the appropriate model the researchers depended on MAPE and precision rate for both models, according to their results the FOGM(1,1) model was the more appropriate model to represent the behaviour of precipitation rate in Iraqi-Sulaimani governorate with precision rate = 0.939297 and MAPE = 6.07029, four periods have been forecasted which tells that the precipitation rate will be between (796.926 – 801.047)mm for the next four years.