Tikrit Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Infertility affects 15-30% of couples that are trying to conceive, about half of these cases, male partner is the sole contributing factor. Infertility remains a controversial problem worldwide, male infertility caused by different anatomical defect like obstruction of seminal tube and neurological abnormalities, resulting in abnormal spermatogenesis which weakens the function of sperm.
Follow-up study done for 60 infertile men with age range between 30-45 years. Data collected was carried out during the period from April 2019 to August 2019 in Bajii city which include seminal fluid analysis, determination of testosterone, prolactin, and T3 and T4 before and after treatment with vitamin E(800 I.U/daily) and zinc sulfate(50mg/daily) which last for three months , all data were presented as mean and standard deviation. In this study we exclude any disease or abnormal condition that related to this group.
There are 60 infertile men participated in this study, age range between 30-45 years. In these cases we measured the seminal fluid analysis, determination of testosterone, prolactin, and T3 and T4 before and after treatment with vitamin E(800 I.U/daily) and zinc sulfate(50mg/daily) which last for three months
About the seminal fluid analysis, there is a significant increase in number of sperm in infertile men after the treatment, and also there is a significant increase in activity of sperm after treatment. Regarding the seminal fluid analysis, there is a significant increase in number of sperm in infertile men after the treatment compared with this before treatment and also there is a significant increase in activity of sperm after treatment compared with this before treatment. About the percentage of non-motile sperm, there is a significant decrease in this percentage after treatment compared with this before treatment, also there is decrease in percentage of abnormal sperm shape after treatment compared with this before treatment, while there is a significant increase in percentage of normal sperm shape after treatment compared with this before treatment About the concentration of prolactin, there is none significant difference between its level after treatment and before treatment. Regarding the concentration of testosterone, there is a significant elevation in its concentration after the treatment compared with its concentration before treatment and About the concentration of T3 and T4, there is none significant difference in its concentration after treatment and before treatment respectively.

This study aimed to detect the occurrence of mecA gene in S.aureus isolates by PCR technique. The study included a total of 25 S. aureus was collected from patients with a wound infection. Identification of S. aureus was based on growth on manitol salt agar, catalase test, DNase test and coagulase test. Antibiotic Susceptibility test by disc diffusion method was done for all S. aureus isolates against four β- lactam antibiotics and the resistance percentage was as the following: 92% for methicillin, 32% for oxacillin, 60% for amoxicillin –clavulanic acid and 24% for ampicillin – sulbactam. PCR technique was used for the detection of mecA gene in S. aureus isolates and results showed that 24% of isolates were mecA positive, while 76% of the isolates were mecA negative.

Alopecia areata is a common disorder of known autoimmune etiology and mostly treated with oral steroids to stimulate new hair growth with high chances of side effects. The present study was designed to assess the clinical significance of ginger in improving oxidative stress and reducing the dose of prednisolone in patients with alopecia. Forty patients (19 female and 21 male), with different lesions of stable localized on the scalp were enrolled in this pilot prospective open-label clinical study. Exclusion criteria include the use of any medication that may influence the course of the disease. The patients were allocated into two groups and treated with 500 mg of ginger powder once daily for 60 days with either 10 mg or 100 mg/day prednisolone tablets. Blood samples were obtained at zero time, day-30 and day-60 and utilized for the evaluation of the erythrocytes contents of reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde. The change in body weight, incidence of acne and the hair loss were also monitored. The glutathione and malondialdehyde were compared with those of 20 healthy subjects served as control group. The results revealed that two-month treatment with ginger improved the rate of hair growth probably by attenuating free radicals-induced damage on immune system and addressed the possibility of reducing prednisolone dose from 100 mg to 10 mg administered each other day. In conclusion, the use of ginger may have a role in protecting radical-induced damage and decreasing side effects of high prednisolone dose in patients with alopecia areata

This paper includes a preparation of a number of heterogeneous ring compounds through a three-component reaction methods. The work started with the synthesis of derivatives 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate [K1-K6] through the reaction of three substances together and at the same time; ethyl acetoacetate, urea, thiourea and benzaldehyde substitutes. Then synthesis of substituted 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid compounds [K7-K12] through the aqueous base hydrolysis reaction of the compounds [K1-K6] with 5% KOH aqueous solution following by neutralize the product with HCl solution. The synthesized compounds were identified by spectral methods: UV, FT-IR and H1- NMR beside melting point and the purity was determined by using (TLC). Some of these compounds are tested against four strains of bacteria (P. aeruginosa and S. aurous).

Tinea capitis is a worldwide public health problem that generates specific therapeutic challenges. Tinea capitis is dermatophytosis or ringworm of the scalp and hair. Tinea capitis is the most common superficial mycosis in school children, in developed and undeveloped regions. To the best of our knowledge there is currently no review on prevelance of Tinea capitis in study area, so this study was undertaken to determine the prevelance and intensity of Tineacapitis as well as identify the causative fungal agents of dermatophyte infection among five primary school childrens scattered in three quarters in Erbil city (Zanko1, Zanko 2 and new Zanko village. The study population composed of (180) school children aged (6-13) years who had important clinical signs of scalp dermatophytosis. Out of this number (68.33%) were males, while (31.7%) were femels. Tinea capitis infection was higher in age group(8-9) years and lower in age group(11-12)years.Cultures of hair samples were done, then macroscopical and microscopical examination were performed for dermatophyte isolates, direct microscopy and culture was positive in(78.33%) and(6.66%) of the cases were positive in direct microscopy and negative culture. The invasion of hair was Ectothrix type, forming masses of arthroconidia on the outside of the hair shaft in 117 (76.47%) specimens, while the invasion of hair was Endothrix type, and abundant sporulation inside the hair shaft causes breakage of the hair near the surface of the scalp in 36 (23.52%) specimen. Predominant isolates in the study were T. mentagrophytes (34.52%) and Microsporumspeacies (26.19%), Candida albicans and other Candida species were also isolated from five school childrens.