Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences

The aim of the current study is to determine the histological and histochemical characteristics of the thyroid glands in local male squirrels. So, thyroid gland tissue was freshly collected from an adult healthy local male squirrel for histological preparation and examination. All histological sections were prepared and stained with routine stains H & E, in addition to specific stains including Masson Trichrome and PAS stains.

The histological results showed that thyroid glands consisted of glandular parenchyma enclosed by a capsule which mainly consisted of collagen fibers and sent septa into glandular parenchyma to form lobules that contained follicles of thyroid glands. These follicles of glandular were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium and some epithelium displayed a simple squamous epithelium, and were filled with colloid material which was positive with PAS stain. Accordingly, capsule thickness, follicle diameters, and heights of the epithelium of glandular parenchyma did not show any significant differences between the right and left lobes at (p< 0.05). Also, parafollicular cells (C-cells), are detected as single cells interspersed between the follicular cells or as a small group of (1-2) cells between the follicles. These findings showed that the main structures of the thyroid gland are similar to most species of mammalian glands.

This study aimed to examine the impact of propolis (Pro) on various physiological parameters in male rats experiencing induced testicular dysfunction by Bisphenol A. Five groups of ten male rats apiece were created by random selection from the rats. Group 1 the rats, which performed as the group under negative control, received normal food and water. In Group 2, rats were subjected to intraperitoneal administration of 0.2 mL of corn oil, utilized as the vehicle for bisphenol A (BPA), thereby serving as the vehicle control group. For Group 3, rats were administered in corn oil, BPA dissolved at a dosage of 50 mg/kg body weight administered three times a week for three weeks using an intraperitoneal injection. In Group 4rats received a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight of propolis (protected) orally via a gavage needle. Subsequently, intraperitoneal injections are administered to them from BPA delivered three times weekly for three weeks, the dosage is 50 mg per kilogram of body weight dissolved in corn oil. In Group 5, rats received protection with vitamin E orally, at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, using a gavage needle. The intraperitoneal injection of BPA, dissolved in corn oil at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight, was then given three times a week for three weeks. After three weeks, animals were sacrificed, and testes and blood were gathered for additional analysis. Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Sperm Viability, General motility, Progressive motility, and Morphology, were all significantly reduced in the BPA group compared to the control groups, according to the results. While malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in the BPA group compared to the control groups. In conclusion, propolis enhanced physiological parameters adversely affected by BPA, suggesting its potential as a protective agent against BPA-induced testicular dysfunction.

This study aimed to evaluate the hematoprotective effects of eugenol against iron overload in male rats. A total of 30 rats were randomly divided into six equal groups as follows: the control negative (C-) group I.P injection distal water. The control positive (C+) group received iron dextran (100 mg/kg-BW) I.P injection. The IE1 and IE2 groups received iron dextran 100 mg/kg-BW I.P and eugenol (50,100 mg/kg-BW) orally, respectively, and the E3 and E4 groups received eugenol (50,100 mg/kg-BW) orally. After 30 days of the experiment, the blood was collected to measure the experimental parameters. The results demonstrated a significant increase in RBCs, Hb percentage, WBCs, PCV, and PTL in the C+ group compared to the C- group. Also, there was a non-significant difference between IE1 and C+ in RBCs and Hb. Meanwhile, PCV decreased significantly in IE1 compared with C+. Conversely, the C+ group showed decreased MCV compared with IE1. Microscopic examination of blood smears indicated normal red blood cell morphology in the C- and iron dextran with eugenol-treated groups, while the C+ group exhibited microcytic hypochromic morphology. In conclusion, the ameliorative effect of eugenol against iron overload-induced hematotoxicity is achieved by restoring the hematological parameters near the normal control.

Obesity represented as an abnormal accumulation of visceral fat. The synthesis of adiponectin has been linked to visceral fat accumulation. Obesity, and cardiovascular disease have all been linked to decreased levels of adiponectin. This study included the effect of catechin administration for 30 days on lipid profile, glucose, adiponectin and insulin serum levels as well as IR of obese female rats. Twenty female rats were conducted to the experiment where divide to four equal groups as; negative normal group received normal diet for all experiment time (60 days); positive obese control group received high fat diet (HFD) for (60 days); GTC-fed group fed HFD; ATV-fed group this group received ATV as cholesterol lowering drug. The significant differences considered at (p < 0.05 with 95% CI). The study revealed that the levels of Total-Ch, triglycerides and glucose were significantly higher in positive than negative control group. Additionally, a significant decreased Total-Ch, triglycerides and glucose level of Catechin treatment group than positive control group. Moreover, a significant reduction of adiponectin means levels obtained in positive control group compared to negative control and Catechin treatment groups. Furthermore, a significant difference of IR obtained between means of positive control group with Catechin treatment group. HDL-C levels were also differed significantly between positive control groups and Catechin treatment group. In conclusion this study exposed a positive influence of catechin administration on obesity lethal factors such as cholesterol, hyperglycemia, IR and the serum concentration of adiponectin in obese female rats.