Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences

One of the organs that can be found in the abdominal cavity is called the pancreas. It is a vital component in the process by which the food we eat is transformed into fuel for the cells of the body. For investigation of morphological description of the pancreas, the study was performed on twenty adult swan geese (10 males and 10 females). According to the morphological findings, the pancreas of geese was located on the right side of their abdominal cavity. It possessed four lobes—dorsal, splenic, ventral, and third and a distinctive duodenal papilla. It was between the ascending and descending duodenal loops. The goose pancreas has a thin covering of connective tissue over its mesothelium. The pancreatic parenchyma was divided by connective tissue septa, into numerous lobules, and these lobules extended outward from the pancreatic capsule. There was a wide range of diameters for the blood vessels. It consists of significant blood arteries, which can be identified by their oval or circular, bright nuclei. They have oval or circular, brilliant nuclei with the nucleolus. In the swan goose, serous acini and islets of Langerhans made up most of the pancreatic parenchyma. Exocrine cells had pyramidal shapes, acidophilic granules, and serous acini. In conclusion, the pancreas of geese like the most bird and is different from domestic animals.

The Annona muricata (Family-Annonaceae) fruit contain annonaceous acetogenins which have an effect on cancer cell as reported in many research studies. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of methanolic fruit extract of Annona muricata (MFEAM) on breast cancer histology and invasive cell of MNU-induced breast cancer mice. Fifty female albino mice were divided into five groups (of ten each): control; MNU-induced breast cancer; MNU-induced breast cancer + (MFEAM) 200 mg/kg, MNU-induced breast cancer + (MFEAM) 300 mg/kg and MNU-induced breast cancer + (MFEAM) 500 mg/kg. The research indicates that breast cancer invasive ductal carcnoma (IDC) developed in the MNU-induced breast cancer group. The control group showed normal duct structure. The (MFEAM) -treated group showed lower invasive (DCIS) compared with the untreated cancer group. We concluded that (MFEAM), that improved the histological changes of breast cancer-induced MNU. Also (MFEAM) reduced proliferative epitheal cell of breast cancer-induced MNU and the most effective dose was 300 mg/kg. The present study concluded that the methanol extracts derived from Annona muricata fruit potentially exhibit antitumor activity.

Fungal infection is a serious health problem, involved with the life threatening mycosis and mortality. Emerging of resistance and limited antifungal drugs against most antifungal agents lead to the requirement for development of effective and alternate strategies to fight fungal infections. The aim of this study is to investigate the antifungal activity of clove oil extract against systemic induced infection In vivo by Candida albicans in mice. Fifty mice were used to induce systemic infection by injecting 1 ml of 1×106 C.albicans suspension intra-peritoneally for seven days consecutive, then sacrificed to observe the incidence of infection in internal organs (gross lesion) and measure the level of IL-6 and serum creatinine plus histopathological changes. The development of systemic infection with C. albicans (1 × 106 cells) was observed daily for 14 days which was accompanied with clinical signs of infection, including weight loss, depression, and ruffled appearance. IL-6 level showed no significant difference in all group before treatment and after inducing infection the level of IL-6 showed significant increase (P≤0.01) in control positive group while group treated with clove oil 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg showed significant decrease in the level compared with infected group and fluconazole treated group . Serum creatinine concentration was within the normal values in all groups (p>0.01) before the infection. There were an increase significantly (P≤0.01) in the level in all infected mice after 7 days of infection. The serum creatinine values of treated group with clove oil extract 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg showed decreased in the creatinine concentration . The present results demonstrated that the essential oil of clove extract rich with eugenol has great antifungal power. This extract can be suggested as antimicrobial and antifungal to treat candidemia and reduce the incidence of mortality rate due to systemic candidiasis.

Reproductive function is the cornerstone in achieving better profitability for sheep; researchers have developed several ways to guide the reproduction of ewes and develop their reproductive efficiency by its needs. This contributed to reducing the vaccination season and the timing of births in ewes during a limited year to provide optimal care conditions. The optimal use of these techniques in the reproductive function enables us to enter estrus, increase the ovulation rate, and the appropriate timing of artificial insemination, which in turn increases the reproductive efficiency of ewes. Therefore, it has become necessary to use modern biotechnologies such as estrus synchronization technology, which is one of the technologies that help reduce the time and effort required to detect estrus by collecting estrus cases in treated animals. By applying reproductive care programs such as synchronizing estrus and increasing fertility using compounds such as injections of human chorionic gonadotropin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone or progesterone after mating and prostaglandin F2alpha, prostaglandin E and melatonin hormone, it may help to be performed at a specific time

This study was carried out to investigate the potential of crude ethanolic extracts of eggplant (Solanum melongena) peels, fruit, and seeds, as well as dry eggplant, in the treatment of hyperlipidemia in rats. Forty-nine adult female Sprague Dawley rats were used with a weighting between (280-340) grams. Following the establishment of hyperlipidemia by providing them with a high-fat diet consisting of 4% cholesterol with 5% egg yolk for a period of 30 days in all groups except the control negative. Afterward, the rats were divided into seven groups of 7 rats as followed: The first group control negative was given standard pellets and water only, and the second group control positive induction hyperlipidemia this applied to all groups. Other groups (third, fourth, and five) were administered with alcoholic extracts of Solanum Melongena parts including the peel group, fruit group, and seed group, at a dose of 400 mg/kg/B.W. orally once a day, and group six received dry eggplant without extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg/diet once daily. The seven groups received atorvastatin at a dose of 20 mg/ B.W. orally once daily for a period of 45 days for all groups. The results of the study on serum lipid profile in rats indicated that the peel and atorvastatin groups exhibited a significant decrease in levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Furthermore, the peel and atorvastatin groups had substantially elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. The study suggests that eggplant peel extract and atorvastatin, a common drug, can potentially treat hyperlipidemia in rats.