Contemporary Islamic Studies Magazine

God Almighty sent His messengers and exposed the legislative systems through the holy books so that justice could be established among all human beings, which is the justice that was established by the earth and the heavens, so if signs of justice appear in those sacred texts. Emphasizing that the methods of proof are not limited to a specific sect, because the purpose of the judiciary is to achieve justice among people and give them the rights that are proven to them, there is still no legal prohibition,
Therefore, evidence was taken as a means to help judges know the rights and duties of the plaintiffs and rule for their owners. Because the judge must be knowledgeable about the means of proof and the methods that lead him to the truth.

Islamic religion emphasizes the need to fulfill trust and prevent treachery, because this is the distinctive characteristic of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Change the transactions from the point of view of the names and beautiful development and these transactions are financial and expenditure transactions that need to be explained to me According to our jurisprudence, the special section relates to banking and financing and names its main pillars and rules to reach the jurisprudence of the trick due to the presence of the rules.

God Almighty, even if He owns what is in the heavens and the earth, is the One who disposes of the universe, then His justice prevents him from being unjust, even if He causes pain for a purpose, then this pain is not devoid of benefit for another matter, knowing that His justice is manifested by compensating those who suffer based on His being just. God Almighty may hurt some people out of interest and kindness.
For themselves or for others, so that the pain for this benefit ceases to be in vain. What concerns us in this issue is the search for knowledge of the aspects of goodness and ugliness of pain, so that we can know the aspects of the goodness of inflicting pain from God Almighty on His servants. The pains issued by God Almighty are sometimes a means to deliver benefits, so on this basis all pains issued by God Almighty are good, because God Almighty is above tampering, injustice, and corruption, and the sufferings emanating from Him, God Almighty, have a good face. And the whole issue proves that the Almighty is free from any ugliness, whatever its God Almighty, even though He is the owner of the heavens and the earth and the one who governs the universe, His justice forbids him from acting unjustly. Even if He causes suffering for a reason, that suffering does not come at the expense of another issue because He is aware that His justice is made evident by providing for those who suffer because He is just. whether it is for those in charge or not. Those who are not accountable, and that His ability, will, and will are absolute, but this does not mean that He does evil just because He is capable of doing evil. God Almighty, in addition to having wisdom in inflicting pain on His servants, compensates them for what pains them, and with this compensation, pain ceases to be injustice. The research was divided into five sections as follows: The first section: Pains and symptoms, linguistically and terminologically The second topic: The opinions of theologians from the Islamic sects on the issue of knowing the good and bad aspects of suffering. The third section: The opinions of theologians from the Islamic sects on the issue of compensation Section Four: Points of entitlement to compensation (verbal view) Section Five: The difference between reward and compensation (verbal view)

We can consider this research as one of the objective analytical researches that shed light on an important aspect of what our early scholars wrote in their hadith books and their great explanations of them, in an effort to facilitate the understanding of many of those hadiths and positions attributed to our Imams, the Imams of Guidance and Peace. These books have preserved for us a large amount of the glories of our authentic scientific heritage that deserve pride and honor for what it contains of sublimity, elevation, and unique human creation that is rarely applied among the individuals of all nations. In this research, we have tried to extract some of the lessons and societal educational contents that our true religion calls for, included in the explanation of Sayyid Ali Khan al-Madani al-Shirazi of the Sahifa of the Master of Prostrators and the Imam of the Monotheists, Ali bin al-Hussein, peace be upon him, known as (the Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya) in his book (Riyadh al-Salikin fi Sharh Sahifa Sayyid al-Sajjadin), by presenting his Quranic evidence that documented the explanation of that blessed Sahifa. We have limited it to the verses of the covenant and the charter for their societal educational value, especially We live in a time of loss, fragmentation and division, because we have broken some of our covenants and agreements with God, ourselves and others, without paying attention to the danger of what we are doing. It was necessary for us to learn a lesson and remind each other of what we aspire to on every occasion and occasion. The conclusion of these lessons and concepts was nothing but an attempt to remind oneself and the brothers of the necessity of maintaining the covenant with God, with ourselves and with others, so that we may live in goodness and peace.

The difference in levels of understanding between people is something that is innate to everyone and is subject to personal and cognitive abilities، and is naturally affected by each person’s environment and learning. Therefore، we find it varies and develops according to the circumstances surrounding the person. This is also the case among interpreters، as each interpreter has a special level of knowledge that is subject to the intellectual model (paradigm). To him which in turn shows the interpreter’s interaction with his understanding of the Qur’anic text، whether negatively or positively. When the interpreter adopts the method of scientific interpretation، we find him relying on scientific theories and its tools. It is like a method that if it provides the interpreter with the tools that he can use in understanding the meanings of the blessed Qur’anic text، then it is certain that the interpreter is indispensable for it. It is inherited from trustworthy people in that sense، but the influence of the interpreter in this approach to a certain intellectual model (paradigm) is what determines the validity of this approach or not، and this is what will become clear to us through research into the intellectual models in this interpretive approach، after clarifying the concept of its vocabulary in the following demands.

The use of example is one of the rhetorical methods that are used for the purpose of clarifying ideas, and drawing lessons. The Holy Qur’an used this method in line with what the Arabs followed, so we find that the Holy Qur’an has set example in more of its verses. One of the aims in which Qur’an used example is to deformation sins for the purpose of alienating the human soul from those evils. Including the likeness of some hated animals such as the dog, donkey, cattle, and locusts that generate an internal psychological dimension to avoid sins, whether they are sins related to beliefs or to actions. The Qur’an also used the analogy with insects, such as spider houses, to denote the weakness of the faith of the infidels. The research tried to shed light on this issue by tracing the Qur’an verses in which the examples were mentioned and reviewing the opinions of their commentators

This research deals with one of the most important obligations in Islamic law, which is the obligation of enjoining good and forbidding evil. This is the obligation by which all obligations are performed and matters are set straight.
It was researched in terms of the document and the rational and legal basis upon which the obligated person relies in performing this duty.

The current study aims to study and explain the rational approach followed by the Holy Qur\'an in proving the Islamic beliefs of monotheism, justice, prophethood, imamate, and resurrection, according to the Imamis, and to examine the statements of the Qur\'an in a detailed manner, as well as its defense of proving them through reason, which the Holy Qur\'an took great care of and gave it a great advantage, as it is a tool for reasoning that allows one to draw conclusions. The mind is the internal evidence and the internal argument, just as the messengers and prophets are the external evidence. Therefore, we find the Holy Qur\'an, through which it was able to establish and prove its true doctrine system. Which prompted the Imami scientists to benefit from this approach in interpreting and reporting the verses related to belief in general and the verses related to belief in the Creator, prophecy, resurrection, and reckoning, in particular, through the rational approach.

Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) adopted a reformist approach through which he was able to establish the roots of reform in the Islamic nation, as he is considered the pioneer of the reform movement at an early time in the history of the Islamic nation, through his application of the foundations of the Muhammadan message. He (peace be upon him) was not interested in the idea of rule when it was taken from him, as he was able to be influential while outside of power. He stood by the three caliphs and offered them advice and guided them to the path if their visions clashed.

The research, entitled: (Features of the society awaiting Imam Mahdi (may God bless him and grant him peace) in the light of the Qur’an), aims to know the features of the society awaiting Imam Mahdi (may God bless him and grant him peace) and delve into its features, qualities, circumstances and dimensions so that man can advance in reaching his goals, which are to create a generation of believers spiritually, psychologically, ideologically and intellectually to be Qualified to serve the Awaited Imam (may God bless him and grant him peace). Society is defined as: It is a group of people that form a group that depends on each other, living together, bound by common ties and interests, and governed by common customs, traditions, and laws. In order to achieve the goal of the research, we used the descriptive and analytical community, and the Qur’anic verses and noble narrations became the main source for collecting and analyzing information, delving into the most important interpretations from the two schools, and working to discover those features.

The Arbaeen pilgrimage is one of the largest religious events in Iraq, where millions of Shiites from around the world converge in Karbala to commemorate the 40th day after the martyrdom of Imam Hussein ibn Ali (peace be upon him). This pilgrimage has significant social, economic, and political impacts on the country.
The Arbaeen pilgrimage fosters unity among Shiites from different countries as millions gather in Karbala, creating an atmosphere of solidarity and mutual support. During this period, Iraqi locals provide hospitality services to visitors, including food and shelter, which enhances the culture of generosity and hospitality.
The pilgrimage leads to a substantial increase in demand for local goods and services such as hotels, restaurants, and transportation. This stimulates the local economy and boosts the income of many small businesses. Due to the large logistical needs during the pilgrimage, numerous temporary job opportunities arise for residents in the surrounding areas of Karbala, providing additional income for many.

The research dealt with the vocative topic in the book (The Holy Qur’an and its explanation and its parsing) by Sheikh "Muhammad Ali Taha Al-Durra". The paper includes two chapters , the first one includes the life of Sheikh Al-Durra, his scholarly biography, his sheikhs, his work, and his writings , and the second chapter: the vocative topic which is considered one of the important topics in Arabic Grammar, which is one of the methods widely used in our daily speeches, and cannot be dispensed with. The ancients knew it in language and terminology, and we mentioned the three meanings of the vocatives in the Holy Qur’an: the vocatives of knowledge, the genitive vocatives , and the vocatives of the intended idea. All of them have been cited from Holy Quran. The vocatives is most likely followed by a prohibition, command, or interrogative style, after the letters of vocatives.
Mentioning the vocative letters, which are: (hamza, ya, fiya, ati, and haya), and talking about the possibility of deleting these letters, especially deleting the letter (ya), which is the most important letter frequently mentioned in the Qur'anic expression. Based on what the research found, the vocatives was not found preceded by the vocative letter , except that in Surah al-Zukhruf in His almighty's speech And [ Allah acknowledges] his saying, "O my Lord, indeed these are a people who do not believe.

Description is of great importance in drawing a clear vision of the described things, which paves the way for judging them by acceptance or response, and when the work is aesthetic, the description takes a very important exceptional function, because the queen of aesthetic judgment needs great accuracy and clarity.
In the Noble Qur’an we find the accurate and clear description of the eloquence and eloquence with which the tongue of the Qur’an is distinguished by an unmatched tongue, that miraculous and dazzling speech, which is the word of God Almighty, and in proportion to the specialization of the language and literature of the Holy Qur’an in the Department of Arabic Language at the Faculty of Islamic Sciences. The researcher found that Choosing a Quranic description will be very important and promise good results if it is adopted for research.
The researcher found that the hadiths of Imam al-Mahdi (peace be upon him) included in (Encyclopedia of hadiths of Imam al-Mahdi, peace be upon him) were not studied and did not reach the hands of researchers because it is an encyclopedia that was recently achieved in the Persian language and then translated and printed in Arabic recently. Therefore, the researcher tried to know the aesthetics inherent in the texts of hadiths that appeared in the encyclopedia based on the cognitive features of the text, not the technical features.
The researcher hopes from God success for this work and that it befits the noble text, and befits the specialization of the language and literature of the Noble Qur’an in the Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Islamic Sciences, University of Karbala.

The Arabic language abounds with luxurious linguistic styles, emerging within the context of its refined styles, styles that, when combined with each other, have achieved a breathtaking miracle. According to the requirements of the topic, the research included an introduction and two sections, the first of which was concerned with studying memory The first chapter delved into the subjunctive style, while the second section studied the interrogative style and explained through them the mechanisms by which memory is generated and its determinants. As for the conclusion, it was consistent with a number of results, which was that the dialogue with multiple memories of the conditional style had drawn a group of images whose main concern was the lesson and good behavior. Everything in it had a trace of a previous or later unseen course that was characterized by belief in the truth of the two matters and the interrogation was achieved through a network of multiple questions that may not be asked. The answer from the recipient is rather a request for previous or subsequent incidents through which he is asked to reconsider and arbitrate the action as it was or will be.

Luxury is the domination and extravagance of physical and spiritual blessings, and Andalusia, with its beautiful natural and behavioral and material aspects, was a suitable incubator for the phenomenon of luxury. On the sensory level, the manifestations of luxury in terms of construction, wealth, clothing and food were wastefulness and exaggerations evident in it, and from the moral side, luxury has spread over their cultures, psychology, ideologies and even their feelings. This was in the language of the case and the article they have.

The research seeks to clarify the topic of regime between concept and credibility in the light of the book and the family. What is the meaning of these two words, and what does this word mean? What is meant by it in the hadith of Al-Ghadir? He reviewed the two divisions of legislative and formative regime and detailed each of them in its proper place, and took with it the levels of regime, including subjective, extensional, and legal regime, and the signs, qualities, characteristics and credentials of the guardian, and also exposed the fluctuations of the word (regime) in Quranic uses, and clarifying who are the regime?

Metonymy is one of the rhetorical and linguistic sciences in the Arabic language, and Qur’anic metonymies are the expression of the mental meaning of an imaginative sensory image. Because addressing the senses and conscience is the closest path to the soul and the most powerful in its impact, and it has been benefited from in the Holy Qur’an in a comprehensive manner and used in the Holy Qur’an, and how was metonymy interpreted in the opinion of one of the Mu’tazila scholars, and the goal of the research is to address an aspect of artistic depiction in the Holy Qur’an, which is the metonymic method, It is a method that adds beauty to the meaning, increases it with powerful force, and achieves unique rhetorical goals. What distinguishes the research from its predecessors is that it clarifies the methods of God Almighty in using metonymies in terms of purposes and significance, knowing the purposes that metonymies serve, and shedding light on the functional, moral, and behavioral aspects. Flashlight by its owner Al-Mu'tazili. We may see that Al-Zamakhshari has touched on metonymic resources in different forms. Al-Zamakhshari was able to reveal many forms of metonymy in the Holy Qur’an, and from the results of the research, these different metonymic expressions indicate several social, moral, and psychological aspects, indicating the organization of people. The power and knowledge of God Almighty, and indicative of warning, threat, association, forgiveness, and mercy. The Holy Qur’an sought to take these into account and preserve them out of honor for the words, out of respect for the words, and out of consideration for the etiquette of souls, and also its divisions in terms of the designator, which is: a metaphor for an attribute, a metaphor for a description, and a metaphor for a relation.. In terms of media, it is: the type of exposure, gesture, waving, and symbol. We also found Qur’anic verses that include metonymies, which are approximately (74) verses of various types. The verses indicating the adjective were the most metonymic verses mentioned by Al-Zamakhshari in Al-Kashshaf, followed by the verses indicating exposure. Then the attribution, the described, and so on the rest of the types of metonymy, while the verses of Surat Al-Baqarah and then the norms dealt most with the metonymy, when Al-Zamakhshari exemplified it by saying: “You do not see anything better, more gentle, or more pleasant to the joints than the metaphors of the Qur’an and its etiquette.” We showed the multiplicity of metonymies for one meaning, with their multiplicity of purposes, types, and uses. Therefore, in interpreting the metaphor, Al-Zamakhshari will not deviate from what serves his Mu’tazila doctrine, using a research method based on description and analysis, that is, describing the metaphor and the evidence for it, then we analyze it and state Al-Zamakhshari’s opinion on it.

This research aims to highlight the eloquence of the Qur'an as the miraculous word of the Almighty, particularly in relation to the diverse educational methods presented within the stories of the Qur'an. We have chosen Surah Al-Kahf for its educational techniques derived from its multiple stories, especially the story of Moses and the Righteous Servant (peace be upon them). The researchers employed both deductive and descriptive methodologies in this study. The research concluded with several findings, including:
The story of Moses and Al-Khidr (peace be upon them) in Surah Al-Kahf includes various educational strategies and methods such as: the method of training in patience and humility, refraining from hasty judgments, reliance on divine knowledge, and the method of education by example. The techniques include teaching through guidance and correction, teaching with patience, teaching through practical application, the method of lecturing, the method of dialogue and discussion, the method of explanation, and the method of storytelling. These techniques are beneficial for the educational process.

Psychological and social adjustment at orphans in social welfare institutions
care institutions
- The origin of the present research can be searched in the following contents:
The child lives a normal life in a family that is responsible for caring for and supporting him. The family helps him to acquire the ability of psychological and social adjustment And if the father dies, the sons will not be seriously harmed, such as stress, anxiety, sadness, depression, as well as religious commitment. The culture that orphans receive as a result of the explosion of information exposes them to the clash of civilizations and cultures that originate from watching satellite networks and various Internet websites. And these issues have doubled their need to follow religious commitments that show them the right path.
Discussion method:
In this study, the laboratory or clinical approach is followed:Through which a phenomenon is identified by gathering evidence to examine the accuracy of the researcher's assumptions. The method in question is an accurate description of the phenomenon through typical interpretations Because the researcher is a specific individual and all his considerations are focused on the individual cases known as case studies. And for this reason, in the present study, we used a questionnaire and a comparison
We then analyzed the views as much as possible and extracted interpretive results to arrive at objective and scientific solutions. Because this method leads us to answer the questions related to the discussion. As it describes and defines things as they are, and once this information is obtained, the necessary steps can be taken to resolve the problem.

Students go to school and their goals given the knowledge, through the curriculum they teach, and the school curriculum book Arabic grammar, taught by student in Iraq since the fourth grade, and the goal of language learning is to reduce the gap between the vernacular and classical, and read the literary heritage and represents, But this lofty goal almost non-existent because of the complexity that hit the curriculum in terms of the number of existing rules, and the difficulty of some of them, and not the importance of some of them for the student, and the lack of knowledge of the students of the importance of some of them. Students are not intended for them to be specialists in Arabic even study these rules, but intended them Viewing their language and simulation, from here it was a step in this research revealed some of the obstacles faced by the students, and find solutions to them.

This study aimed to identify the effect of the The Strategy of Eliciting Meaning from the Text for the female students of the first intermediate grade in Iraq. And an experimental group of (43) students who studied the same topics and texts using the strategy. The researchers used a Quranic awareness test consisting of (25) items distributed over four reading awareness skills (planning, organization, and evaluation)Including three alternatives, and preparing a language ability test consisting of (20) items containing four alternatives. The researchers applied the two tools to the two research groups after the end of the eight-week experiment, and the same researchers taught the two research groups The researchers used the following statistical analysis methods: the spss statistical bag, the second test for two independent samples, the chi-square (K2), the Pearson correlation coefficient, the equation for the coefficient of difficulty and discrimination, and the equation for the effectiveness of false (camouflaged) alternatives. After analyzing the results statistically, the researchers concluded: There are statistically significant differences. In reading awareness, the experimental group that studied reading topics and texts reconciled with the star strategy, and they also recommended the use of the star strategy in teaching reading and texts, developing reading skills in reading, conversation, and all cognitive and reading topics, and using classical Arabic in teaching the branches of the Arabic language in general. The two researchers also suggested conducting a study Similar to knowing the effect of using the star strategy in other subjects of the Arabic language, such as rhetoric and the history of literature, and at different academic stages, and conducting another study to know the effect of the star strategy on other variables such as: linguistic awareness, rapid reading skills, and semantics.

The highest right among civil rights and the most important manifestation of the inherent dignity of man is his right to privacy or his right to respect for his private life، as this right has become important in modern societies because the individual cannot live by his material interests only، but he is required for his life rights attached to his personality and interrelated to it، and the home has guaranteed them The Islamic، who was the first legislator in regulating the affairs of social life among people. In the issues discussed، I mentioned the sayings of scholars in the different Islamic sects، despite their differences، based on the Qur’anic texts and the comparison in the Iraqi civil law derived from the jurisprudence of Egyptian law. The men of jurisprudence and the judiciary agreed that The correct criterion for measuring infringement is the objective criterion، which involves a partial recognition of the fact that those responsible bear dependency، as all people are supposed to attain a degree of vigilance and acumen، like the ordinary man whom the law defines as the ordinary head of the family. For the dignity of the family is human rights، and the preamble to human rights at the United Nations stipulated its belief in preserving the basic rights of man and preserving The individual's dignity، worth، and enjoyment of his civil freedom that is compatible with his morals and customs، and accordingly، it was necessary to address the jurisprudential dispute over defining the concept of civil responsibility resulting from the infringement of private life. A comparative study between Islamic jurisprudence and civil law.