Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences

The current study was conducted to estimate the Zinc(Zn) levels in serum of (190) Awassi sheep (males) in Fallujah city/ Iraq. The animals were examined clinically and serum samples were examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) to detect the Zn concentration, the results showed decrease in zinc level in addition to significant (P≤0.05) difference between among the control group 0.67±0.42 ppm and affected which include Al-bushegel group0.21±0.42 ppm, Al-falaahat group0.18±0.12 ppm and Al-bualwaan group0.13±0.27 ppm. Also, RBCs reduced in Al-bushegel group6.88±0.51* 106/ul, Al-falaahat group7.03 ± 0.26* 106/ul, and Al-bualwaan group6.37 ± 0.84* 106/ul, thus Hb declined in Al-bushegel group 7.13±0.22g/dl, Al-falaahat group 7.27±0.32g/dl, and Al-bualwaan group 6.82 ± 0.43g/dl in the whole blood samples. PCV was also significant (P≤0.05) reduced in Al-bushegel group 21.41±0.53%, Al-falaahat group 21.75 ± 0.48%, and Al-bualwaan group 20.21 ± 0.15%. On the other hand, the results showed an insignificant difference in MCV among Al-bushegel group 31.1± 0.12fL, Al-falaahat group 30.9± 0.92fL, and Al-bualwaan group 31.7± 0.35fL, but there's no substantial difference in MCHC between Al-bushegel group 33.1±0.21g/dl, Al-falaahat group 33.4±0.54g/dl, and Al-bualwaan group 32.7±0.40g/dl. When compared to control 35.70±2.42 (U/L), there was no significant difference in ALT activity in Al-bushegel group l 31.16 ± 0.19 (U/L), Al-falaahat group 30.60 ± 0.84 (U/L), and Al-bualwaan group 28.22 ± 1.13 (U/L). Furthermore, as compared to control 86.20±18.79 (U/L), AST activity was substantially higher in Al-bushegel group 46.38 ± 1.32 (U/L), Al-falaahat group 42.11 ± 0.82 (U/L), and Albualwaan group 39.48 ± 1.75 (U/L). In this investigation, serum urea levels were 48.09 ± 0.05, 43.00 ± 0.47 and 51.50 ± 0.89 (mg/dl) in Al-bushegel, Al-falaahat, and Al-bualwaan groups respectively, compared to control levels of 22.35±0.11 mg/dl. In comparison to control 0.71±0.04 (mg/dl), serum creatinine levels increased significantly in Al-bushegel group 1.09 ± 0.01 (mg/dl), Al-falaahat group 1.12 ± 0.06 (mg/dl), and Al-bualwaan group 1.14 ± 0.03 (mg/dl). The affected animal group's heart and respiration rates were significantly (P≤0.05) higher than those of the control group. In conclusion, it was a considerable difference in Zinc concentrations, haematological, and biochemical characteristics among sheep studied in Fallujah, Iraq

This study was designed to induction of testicular degeneration syndrome (TDS) in male rats by cadmium chloride and identified the best concentration of induction for this syndrome.

The effective dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl₂) was determined by used fifteen males rats and where divided into three equal groups treated with CdCl₂ in a concentration (1, 2 and 3)mg/kg B.W. I.P. one /week for two weeks. Later the experimental animals was scarified and testis was took for measuring the antioxidant parameters via evaluated of glutathione GSH, malondialdehyde MDA, catalse, albumin, fructose concentrations and aminotransferase activity (ALT and AST).

According to this result the lowest observed adverse effective dose (LOAEL) of cadmium chloride that induced testicular degeneration in male rats was found to be 1mg/kg B.W. I.p. one /week for two weeks.

Wounds infection is pathogen-infected to the point where it triggers a local and systemic reaction in the host. Multiple pathogens typically colonize wounds, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a higher prevalence in wound infection. This study tried to assess the immune response by measuring the level of complement fragment C5a in the serum of rats that induced wound infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The animal was divided into three groups ( infected wound , wound without infection, and healthy control ) and the procedure was performed by inducing 10 mm excisional wound on the dorsal region of rats and after 24h from inducing wound contaminated the wound region in the infected group only with bacterial suspension that contains 2.5 ×106 CFU of P. aeruginosa. Then at specific determined time points (24hrs, 48hrs, 72hrs) after infection blood samples and skin biopsy samples were collected. By using ELISA kitt sandwich methods we found that C5a is highly elevated in the infected group in comparison with other animal groups. And the histological section showed no signs of inflammation during 24hrs while necrosis of the dermis layer was observed after 48hrs and 72hrs.

Testing of blood biochemical parameters is a pre-symptomatic diagnostic appliance to determine the nutritional status of any dairy herd and other disorders such as productive and reproductive, these parameters are influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors like breed, age, sex, lactation, pregnancy, health and nutrition status of the cows in dairy herd. The present study was undertaken to estimate the selected biochemical nutritional status of dairy cows in Thiqar province in relation to reproductive status as estrus, pregnancy and lactation, this study was conducted on 40 local healthy cows in the teaching veterinary hospital of Thiqar province, they were divided into four groups estrus, pregnant between 2-8 months, lactating (calving) for 1 to 2 months and heifer (dry) cows of 10 animal for each group, cows were grouped into the previous four categories on the basis of reproductive history.

In response to public health , it is necessary to write a review on COVID-19 disease as emerging zoonotic disease . Transmission of the new pathogen SARS-CoV-2 virus have several ways. These ways , spill – over or Evolutionary jump help virus to spread from one host to another with a rapid adaptation ( Epidemiological cycling ) .

Covid-19 can transmitted from animals to humans (Zoonotic disease ) or from humans to animals ( Zooanthroponosis ) or from humans to humans ( Emerging Infectious disease ) or from animals to animals as infectious disease .

On other hand some several wild animals considered as reservoir hosts such as bats , snakes , frogs , hedge-hoge , wild rats , marmots and rabbits ( Mohamed A . Mahdy , Waleed younis , Zamzam Ewaida 2020 ) .

Since December 2019 when Covid-19 emerged in human from seafood market at Wuhan , Huanan city south China , rapidly transmitted all over the world as viral outbreak .