Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Denture cleansing is an important step that can prevent the spread of infection and improve a patient's
health, the durability of the dentures, and the overall quality of life; therefore, it is necessary to choose a suitable
cleanser that, in addition to being effective, does not have an unfavorable effect on the qualities of the denture base resin
itself when used for an extended period.
Aim: This research aims to assess the effects of ozonated water on the surface roughness and hardness of heat-cured
acrylic resin by immersion technique.
Materials: Sixty bars shape made of heat-cured acrylic were manufactured. Thirty samples for every test, including: (surface
hardness and surface roughness). Then, these samples were divided into three groups, ten samples for each test group:
The control group (immersion of samples in distal water).
The group OZ-10 min (immersion in 2 mg/L ozone water disinfectant for 10 min).
The group OZ-20 min (immersion in 2 mg/L ozone water disinfectant for 20 min).
Next, the samples were tested using a profilometer tester and Vickers microhardness.
Result: the hardness test readings were statistically significantly impacted by ozonized water but may be within
clinically acceptable because the mean value was near. At the same time, the values of the mean roughness test did not
significantly change (P > 0.05) after soaking samples in ozone water among the groups.
Conclusion: Ozonized water had no adverse effects on heat-cured acrylic resin regarding surface roughness, but it did
cause a decrease in hardness that was statistically significant but within clinically acceptable at 2 mg/L concentration for
(10 and 20) minutes.

Backgrounds: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine and reproductive disorder in the reproductiveage women. Among the pathological changes that are responsible for the development of polycystic ovary syndrome
(PCOS), hyperinsulinemia due to increased insulin resistance (IR) is common and usually associated with a higher rate
of ovulatory dysfunction and sub-fertility. In addition, those women have poor quality oocytes with low fertilization
capability and poor quality embryos. So, insulin has a role in the reproductive function and fertility potential of
reproductive age women.
Conclusion: Females with PCOS usually exhibit an extreme difficulty in achieving either a successful spontaneous or
assisted pregnancy. Hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance and reproductive dysfunction should be well understood as can
as possible in order to achieve an effective treatment plan to increase the chance of a successful uncomplicated pregnancy

Major depressive disorder represents a growing concern as its prevalence keeps rising worldwide; with this rising,
there is also an increased demand in the field of oral medicine in developed countries, and since many disorders and
orofacial pain have been linked to be associated with psychiatric disorders and conditions, this study was aimed to
evaluate burning mouth syndrome and salivary chromogranin A in major depressive disorder patients.
The study sample included 49 patients who received a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, being under treatment
for at least two weeks. The control group consists of 34 healthy subjects with no signs & symptoms of systemic disease.
The study group received the diagnosis according to The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth
Edition (DSM5), in Najaf city. The results showed that for the study sample, 23 (46.9%) patients had Burning Mouth
Syndrome (BMS), while 26 (53.1%) patients did not have BMS for the study group. As for the control group, 5 (14.7%)
individuals reported having BMS, and 29 (85.3%) didn't. The findings of the present study revealed a significant difference in salivary chromogranin A levels between the study and control groups (p < 0.05) using a t-test. We found
salivary chromogranin A is an excellent salivary biomarker for MDD., and MDD patients have much higher incidents of
reporting BMS, indicating the importance of psychological factors in this condition

Background: Studies on the incidence of salivary tumors around the world showed variations, including in Iraq. This
study was intended to evaluate the relative incidence of these tumors among the Iraqi population.
Materials and methods: The current retrospective study encompassed 109 cases retrieved from the file records of the
pathology laboratory of Baghdad Medical City over a five-year period from January 2017 to December 2021. Information
regarding age, gender, site, and tumor type was assembled and analyzed using a statistical package for social sciences
(SPSS version 20).
Results: The present study documented that salivary gland tumors represent 1.35% of the total sample studied.
Approximately 56% were benign and 44% were malignant, with a ratio of benign to malignant was 1.27/1. The male-tofemale ratio was 1/1. The prevalent benign tumor was pleomorphic adenoma, followed by Warthin's tumor. Warthin's
tumor showed a predilection for male patients. The most common sites were the parotid gland (50%), palate (29%), and
submandibular gland (10%), respectively. Regarding malignant tumors, adenoid cystic carcinoma ranked first followed
by mucoepidermoid carcinoma.
Conclusions: Salivary gland tumors chiefly arise in major salivary glands without sex predilection, with pleomorphic
adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma being the most common salivary tumors.

One of the most dangerous malignancies is lung cancer. Better treatment is made possible by the early detection of this
illness. This study's objective was to measure the serum levels of lead and cadmium (heavy metals) in healthy individuals (H.G.) of both sexes and compare those levels to those in individuals with non-healthy lung cancer (L.C.). 101
blood serum samples were gathered from the Middle Euphrates Cancer Center in the Iraqi province of Najaf, consisting
of 54 males and 47 females. Using an FAAS, the levels of serum cadmium and lead were examined (flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer). The respective mean serum levels of lead and cadmium were 3.73538 ± 0.067131 mg/L and
8.92525 ± 0.02314 mg/L for health men, 9.34477 ± 0.04122 mg/L and 6.08752 ± 0.05112 mg/L for lung cancer men while
6.63905 ± 0.030212 mg/L and 20.94029 ± 0.2910 mg/L for health female, 8.75170 ± 0.23401 mg/L and 12.93259 ± 0.6032 for
lung cancer female, it is generally higher than the permissible limits,which consequently increases the health risk of the
exposed individuals.

Among the most serious problems affecting public health is urinary tract infection (UTI). There are several parts of the
urinary tract affected by this type of inflammation and affects women more frequently than men. As the antibacterial
resistance problem is growing in urological medicine, there is a increasing and a continuing requirement to add antimicrobial medication which could be from medicinal herbs in regulatory UTIs.
Since the beginning of civilization, medicinal plants have been an integral element of human society in the fight
against diseases. For the aim of reducing costs, increasing the effectiveness of treatment and eliminating the side effects
of UTI patients, medicinal plants have gained wide popularity and great interest. Medicinal plants have been known as
a rich source of therapeutic agents.
A number of different plants show promise the ability to treat of a various urologic disorders. As the current review
illustrates, a number of traditional medicinal plants are evaluated to prevent or treat UTIs, and modern scientific investigations on these important herbs and some isolated chemical compounds.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) are the most well-studied first approved nanomedicine for drug delivery of therapeutic and
vaccine formulation products. However, their nature is under constant investigation especially their liquid crystal state
which leads to their complex biological behavior. LNPs are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) and suitable for
ameliorating the toxicity and/or improving the pharmacokinetics of newly approved biomaterials with promising
functionality and effects. During the past decade, many promising theranostic applications for LNPs have emerged
resulting in huge potential for them in this field. Although there is progress in theranostic application, the gap between
the bench and clinical application is undeniable, and that must be addressed to exploit the benefits of these nanomedicines for society.