Diyala Agricultural Sciences Journal

The present study attempts to find out the effect of some fish preservatives in
the laboratory, such as alcohol and dilute formalin, on some biological
characteristics related to the body measurements of those fish preserved in
these materials. The fish used in this study were the local Planiliza abu. The
processes of expansion and contraction of the bodies of fish preserved in
diluted formalin solution at a concentration of 10% and diluted ethyl alcohol
solution at a concentration of 70%. As that the standard length of the
specimens of this study, which are separately preserved in formalin 10% and
alcohol 70%, in a completely isolated are fluctuating in change. Constant
shrinkage in head length in both diluted formalin and alcohol. Most fish
bodies preserved in formalin at a concentration of 10% gain significant weight
gain, in contrast to alcohol preservation.

This study was conducted at the animal field of the Agriculture College /
University of Basra / Karma Ali site for the period from 7/10/2019 to 1/5/2020
to investigation the effect of adding protected amino acids (methionine and
lysine and their mixtures) on some physiological trails of male Arabi lambs.
Sixteen male lambs with an average weight of (27.95) kg and an age of 5-6
months were selected, and randomly divided into four group (4 animals per
group). The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the
concentration of hemoglobin, packed cell volume, the number of red and
white blood cells, cholesterol, triglycerides and the activity of the liver
enzyme (ALT and AST) between the different treatments, while there was a
significant (p <0.05) increase in the total protein and albumin concentration
in the fourth treatment compared with the first treatment (control), while,
there was a significant decrease (p <0.05) in the urea concentration for the
fourth, third and second treatments compared with the first treatment. The
concentrations of glucose, thyroxine and growth hormone increased
significantly (p <0.05) in the fourth and second treatment compared with the
first treatment. However, it can be concluded from the study that feeding the
male lambs with 5g methionine or mixing it with lysine by 5g raises the
concentration of glucose, growth hormones and thyroxine in the blood. Also,
the levels of methionine and lysine used did not change the concentration of
the studied biochemical parameters.

The present study attempts to shed light on some biological aspects and
characteristics of Piaractus brachypomus, including some biometrics,
phenotypic and feeding pattern that characterizes this species. Besides, the
study touches upon the body shape and the Otolith. These fish species have
recently been seen frozen in the Iraqi local market. The standard length of fish
specimens in this study reach 26.55cm it exceeded the specimens of Pacu fish
collected from other studies from other countries, As well the specimens
weight was 632gm it exceeded other studies mentioned in this manuscript. As
the irregularity in the distribution of teeth rows, especially in the lower jaw
was clear in our specimens. The average weight of some skull bones of
Piaractus brachypomus specimens is 2.25g, which gives evidence of the
heaviness of the bones of this species.

The research was conducted to investigate the effect of plant growth
regulators on the vegetative multiplication of the Stevia plant shoot and the
induction of callus from it. The results indicated that the interaction between
2.0 mg. L-1 BA with 0.5 mg. L -1 Kin gave the highest rate number of shoot
with 6.32 branches and the highest average of leaves number Were 9.60 leaves
compared to the lowest average for the number of shoot and leaves Were 1.40
shoot and 3.80 leaves respectively. As for the length of the shoot, the
interaction between (1.0 mg. L-1 BA and 0.5 mg. L-1 Kin) gave the highest
average shoot length 4.31 cm compared to the control which gave 2.20 cm. in
connection with the callus induction, the concentration 3 mg. L-1 of NAA
gave the highest percentage of callus induction from leaves 100%, and the
lowest mean of days that for callus initiation was 9 days compared to the
control which reached to 20 days. As for the wet and dry weights of callus
tissue, the interaction between 2.0 mg. L-1 NAA and 0.5 mg. L -1BA gave
the highest wet weight rate 3.68 g and the average dry weight was 0.31 g
compared to the control which gave the lowest rate 0.95 g, 0.08 g
respectively.

The origin of animals is usually determined by their paternal genotypes of the
genes on the Y chromosome. In addition to the genes and their polymorphisms
in the genome of mitochondria that are inherited through dams. In view of the
lack of studies focusing on the genes of the Y chromosome in the world and
their absence in Iraq. The aim of the present study was to identify the multiple
genetic polymorphisms of the SRYM18 gene in the Arabi and Awassi sheep
raised in Iraq. The study was conducted in the Genetic Engineering
Laboratories - College of Agriculture, University of Basra, as well as in the
Basra Genome Laboratory. The amplification of the SRYM18 gene showed
genetic polymorphisms and gave a gene segment of (103-880) bp. The
number of alleles of the SRYm18 gene was 13 alleles in the Arabi and 16
alleles in the Awassi breeds. The equilibrium test showed that the two breeds
were under equilibrium. The two breeds were identical with nine alleles, while
the number of special alleles for the Arabi breed was two, while the Awassi
breed was distinguished by five. The number of rare alleles reached 20, of
which seven were of the Arabi breed, and 13 of them were of the Awassi
breed. Mean expected heterozygosity was 0.6386 with nonsignificant Fis for
Arabi breed (0.1541) but significant for Awassi breed (0.2213). Mean
neutrality was close to lower bound (0.1721) and (0.1270) for Arabi and
Awassi breeds respectively.

The study aimed to know the effect of adding tartaric and salicylic acids alone
and a mixture of water and diet on the egg quality characteristics of aged
laying hens for brown Lohmann. 210 laying hens 60 weeks old were used The
duration of the experiment, which lasted 112 days(16 weeks), was divided
into four equal periods at a rate of 28 days for each period,, distributed in
equal numbers to 21 ground hens, 10 laying hens for each hen, and distributed
to seven treatments with three replications of the treatment, T1 was fed a
standard diet without adding (control), T2 was fed a standard diet
supplemented with 0.2% tartaric acid with water, T3 was fed a standard diet
supplemented with 0.2% salicylic acid with water, T4 was fed a standard diet
supplemented with 0.4% tartaric acid and salicylic acid was added with water,
T5 was fed a standard diet supplemented with % 0.2 tartaric acid in the diet,
T6 was fed a standard diet supplemented with 0.2% salicylic acid in the diet,
T7 was fed a standard diet supplemented with 0.4% a mixture of tartaric and
salicylic acid in the diet. The results of adding the two acids in the water and
feed showed that there was a significant improvement (P≤0.01) in the quality
characteristics of the eggs produced, as it significantly improved the shell
weight, shell thickness, albumin height, albumin weight, Haugh unit, rate of
yolk height, yolk weight, and the yolk diameter was significantly reduced for
the coefficients of The addition compared with the control treatment.

This research was conducted on pomegranate transplants in a lath house
during the growth season of 2020 of college of Agricultural engineering
science, university of Duhok, to investigate the impact of spraying of Prosopis
Farcta, Urtica Dioica and Disper root with 0,100, and 200 mg.L-1
concentration, with 0,100, and 200 mg.L-1 concentration and with (0, 75, and
150 mg.L-1) concentration respectively, on vegetative growth, nutrients
contents of pomegranate transplants. The collected data indicate that the
spraying of Prosopis Farcta extract, Urtica Dioica and Disper root especially
at 200, 200, and 150 mg.L-1 respectively resulting in a considerable increase
in the majority of the examined parameters. At high concentrations, the
interaction of three examined components resulted in the maximum values of
branches number 14.57, transplant height 143.67 cm, leaves number 157.33,
Chlorophyll 48.97, Roots number 10, Root length 42.67 cm, leaf nitrogen
content 2.507 %, phosphorus 0.267 % and potassium 1.433 %.

The preferred livelihood assets for meat and nutritious milk in thousands
villages of Kurdistan region/Iraq are sheep and goats. They generally rely on
free roaming in rangeland during the growing seasons. In order to maintain
their livestock during the scarcity of forages at winter seasons, the leaves
and twigs of (Quercus aegilops, Q. infectoria and Q. libani) are harvested
and dried as (dry leaf faggots) at autumn season to use as major substitute of
feed. This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritional values of those
three oaks species’ leaves at the same time of collecting period. Gara
Mountains were chosen due to the wide presence of all three species. Leaves
samples were collected at late September 2015 at elevation about 1250
MASL. The results have shown differences in chemical composition. Q.
libani recorded higher content of dry matter (DM), ash and crude protein
(CP), and lower content of crud fibre (CF). Higher content of ether extract
(EE) was recorded in both Q. aegilops and Q. libani. The higher content of
nitrogen free extract (NFE) and potassium (K) were recorded in Q.
infectoria. While Q. aegilops recorded higher (CF) content. All Quercus
species can be used as alternative feed substitute for small ruminant
especially with some additives (such as salt, vitamin, and water), but more
nutritive value was Q. libani then Q. infectoria followed by Q. aegilops.
Therefore, the priority should be for Q. libani in foremost followed by Q.
infectoria when dry leaves faggot were made