Diyala Journal of Medicine

Background: Surgical obesity treatment is difficult for both surgeons and
patients. The three main categories of bariatric surgery procedures are
malabsorptive, restrictive, or both in combination. Intragastric balloon
(IB) is an easily applicable restrictive interventional and nonsurgical
strategy for obese patients, and the surgical procedure known as
laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is frequently used to help obese
patients decrease weight.
Objective: To assess and compare these two restrictive approaches.
Patients and Methods: A prospective study of 138 LSG patients was
conducted, (n=82) and IB (n=56) between 1st January 2016 to 31st
December 2021 in private hospitals in Erbil, Iraq. The study
retrospectively evaluates patients' demographic information, changes in
total body weight (TBW), changes in body mass index (BMI), and
percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL), morbidities and change of
comorbidities during a year of follow-up, at months 1, 3, 6, and 12 after
surgery. Comparative analysis was undertaken for the follow-up results
after 6 and 12 months.
Results: In the IB group, 12 patients did not tolerate insertion, leaving 56; in
the LSG group, 82 patients completed treatment. In terms of age (p=0.121),
gender (p=0.242), and BMI (p=0.078), there were no statistical differences
between the IB and LSG groups. The LSG group achieved statistically
significant superior treatment outcomes in terms of changes in TBW, BMI,
and %EWL.
Conclusion: Both LSG and IB are beneficial in the short term for helping
obese patients lose weight. IB has the benefit of being performed as an
outpatient procedure with less complications, but it is less successful in
helping people lose weight than LSG. The best options for various patient
groups in terms of clinical outcomes and health system effectiveness must
be determined through prospective, randomized control studies.

Background: S. aureus is one of the dominant bacterial pathogens among
dermal infections in human and animals, which have resistance to different
antimicrobial drugs.
Objective: Isolation and identification of S.aureus from skin lesions
among sheep breeders by traditional methods, Vitek 2 system and PCR
using Staur 4, 6 specific pri-mers for validation, Detection of genes
(methicillin resistant (mecA), Beta- lac-tamase gene (blaZ) by
conventional PCR ,determine antibiotic sensitivity pat-tern by kirby bauer
disc diffusion method.
Patients and Methods: A total of 44 swaps were collected from sheep
breeders suffered from variety of infected skin lesions to detect
methicillin sensitive and resistant s. aureus by employing traditional
methods in addition to confirmatory techniques through fast rapid
VETEK2 system , detection of genes (methicillin resistant (mecA), Be-ta-
lactamase gene (blaZ) by conventional PCR , and determine antibiotic
sensi-tivity pattern by kirby bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: S.aureus was isolated from 15/44,( 34.09%) of skin lesion of
sheep breeders . A total of 6/15 ,(40%) were methicillin resistant S.aureus
(MRSA) ,which represent ( 13.63%) from total samples .Beta lactamase
gene primers was detected in all S.aureus isolates. A 6/15,(40%) of S.aureus
have resistance for members of antibiotics classes, penicillins, polypeptides,
fluoroquinolones, macrolide which include the following : methicillin that
was confirmed early by detection of me-cA gene , levofloxacin , ofloxacin ,
erythromycin and vancomycin. A 6/15,(40%) of S.aureus have multidrug
resistant trait for Penicillins, Polypep-tides, Fluoroquinolones, Macrolide
antibiotics. Non multidrug resistant S.aureus was reported for Penicillins
(oxacillin,4/15, 26%) and Polypeptides antibiotics (vancomycin 8/15,
53.33%) of S.aureus . Absolute sensitivity was reported for gentamycin,
tetracycline, rifampicin, imipenem and chloramphenicol.

Background: Ectoparasites are predominant parasitic infections among
children. Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) are transmitted parasites,
mainly among school-aged children. Although, head lice are not a chief
health hazardor or a vector for disease, they are a public social problem.
The transmitted infections by a parasitic bite, may reach the blood which
causes health problems for children and affects their health.
Objective: To investigate the effects of infection with head lice on
Immunoglobulin E (IgE), vitamin D3, Zinc, and blood parameters.
Patients and Methods: Samples including skin swapping and blood
samples were collected from 300 children who were examined at AL-
Batool Maternity Teaching Hospital (AL-BMTH) and some medical
centers. Skin scraping and swapping were examined microscopically for
detection of the parasite. Blood samples were analyzed for immunological
and blood parameter estimation, during the period from 1st October 2021
to the end of May 2022. Samples were sent to the parasitology and
hematology laboratories in AL-BMTH to identify the parasitic infections
and their effects.
Results: The samples include 180 females and 120 males, 90 samples of the
300 were epidemic with lice infection, 48.9% of them were at age 1-5 years,
35.6% were at age 6-10 and 15.6 % were at age 11-15, 91% of the infected
children were females, while only 9 % of the infected children were males.
The blood analysis indicated that the levels of vitamin D and the mineral
Zinc, were lower in children infected with head lice compared to the control,
while IgE was higher. RBC and Hb showed a lower level in infected children
than in control, whereas WBC was at a high ratio in most patients.
Conclusion: Parasites cause many diseases in children in particular. They
spread in rural and crowded places and affect the activity and vitality of
children

Background: A review of many kinds of literature has suggested the
theory of infections to are a risk for atherosclerosis of the coronaries,
many of medical researchers reported that Helicobacter pylori
pathogenesis extends beyond the gastrointestinal system to be a risk factor
for inflammatory-induced atherosclerosis including that of the coronary
vessels.
Objective: To detect a relationship between the seropositivity of
Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the blood with the severity of coronary
artery atherosclerosis.
Patients and Methods: A total of 125 patients were taken in this study
including both sex male and female with different age groups all of them
admitted to cardiac center hospital in Erbil City in Iraq. Patients were
suspected to have coronary artery atherosclerosis based on symptoms and
primary cardiac diagnostic tools, Angiography was performed to confirm
or exclude coronary artery lesions by catheterization in the cath lab of the
hospital. Blood samples were taken from patients including the patients’
group and control group and a C-reactive protein (CRP) test with
Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody test was done for them by using an
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELIZA) apparatus. Coronary
angiography Confirmed the presence of atherosclerosis and the severity of
it according to the number of vessels and the degree of luminal stenosis.
Results: The results show that the most of patients with atherosclerosis
(83.5%) a high level of C-reactive protein. Also, a positive significant
correlation was detected between the Helicobacter pylori concentration and
the number of narrowed vessels based on the results of this study
Helicobacter pylori.
Conclusion: According to the results Helicobacter pylori has a significant
risk predictor for the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. However,
evidence on this fact is not sufficient which further studies are needed.

Background: Although hematospermia is not common but considered an
alarming symptom for patient and doctor. The cause of this worry is that it
has been described as a dangerous symptom of prostate cancer by the
patients and the health workers.
Objective: To classify the causes and outcome of hematospermia.
Patients and Methods: : This is a prospective study of patients newly
diagnosed with hematospermia-diagnosed and treated in private clinic and
hospital over a period of 4 years (2018-2022). Data collection and
recording done related to demographic, symptomatology, clinical finding,
investigations, treatment given and the outcome during 6 months of follow
up.
Results: One hundred and six patients with hematospermia were seen in the
private clinic and hospital. The mean age was 40 years (25-70). Thirty-six
(33.9%) patients were diagnosed as prostatitis clinically or by positive
seminal fluid culture. Only (4) patients had prostate carcinoma with only one
new case and the other three were known cases of prostate cancer already on
treatment. With (4) cases had thrombocytopenia and (2) cases with sickle
cell anemia and (1) case each prostate cyst and severe hypertension and
vesical stone. (2) cases on anticoagulant therapy. And another (2) cases with
history of epididymal surgery. There was no identifiable cause in the
remaining 53 patients (50%).
Conclusion: the majority of patients presented with hematospermia were
below 50 years and have benign etiology and most of them were self-
limited and less than 1% of cases revealed new prostate cancer. So, we can
confidently reassure a patient presented with hematospermia due to benign
nature of the disease in the majority of patients, especially in young
patients

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most popular type of
diagnosed bacterial illness, and the most frequent cause of bacteria
responsible for UTIs is Escherichia coli (E. coli). β-lactamases are the
most frequent resistance for gram-negative bacteria to beta-lactam
antibiotics, especially in E. coli. The number of patients infected by
extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) producing E. coli was rising and
regarded as a significant global health problem.
Objective: evaluate how frequently blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M
genes were detected in E. coli isolated from UTIs.
Patients and Methods: We collected 54 midstream urine samples from
patients with symptomatic UTIs, in all age groups, from the outpatient
department in Erbil hospitals from October 1, 2021 to April 1, 2022 for
the isolation of E. coli. All samples were analyzed for the detection of
blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX genes using the polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) method.
Results: Most of the samples were taken from females (61.11%); according
to their ages, they were divided into two groups, and most of the samples
(74.07%) were taken from patients below 40 years old. PCR testing for all
ESBL-producing E. coli isolate samples revealed that 16S rRNA 797 was the
most frequently detected gene in all analyzed samples (100%), while it was
less frequently detected in blaCTX 585 (48.15%).
Conclusion: Colonization with S. aureus and MRSA inversely correlated
with younger This found that elevated ESBL genes in E. coli isolated from
symptomatic UTIs in our community increase the risk of pos

Background: Hyperthyroidism is a medical condition in which excessive
synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones into the blood. According to
multiple research, hyperthyroidism is linked to weight loss and increased
metabolism.
Objective: To assess how hyperthyroidism affects oral health in relation
to body mass index.
Patients and Methods: The sample was composed of 90 female patients
aged 25-45 years include hyperthyroid group and healthy group, the
hyperthyroid patients were diagnosed by specialist and under treatment
with carbimazole.Clinical evaluation of caries was done according to
World Health Organization(2013). The body mass index was measured
from the patient’s weight and height, according to the formula World
Health Organization(2000). Plaque Index of Silness and Löe was used to
evaluate dental plaque (1964),Using the gingival index of Loe and Silness
the gingival inflammation was evaluated (1963).
Results: Found the Body mass index in the hyperthyroid group was higher
than the healthy group with significant difference. The most correlations
between caries and body mass index in the hyperthyroid group were weak
negative not significant while in the healthy group most correlations were
weak positive not significant, the correlations of Gingival index and body
mass index were weak positive not significant in both groups.The plaque
index had weak negative in hyperthyroid while in control positive correlation
and all correlation were not significant.
Conclusion: In the present study,the Body mass index higher among
women with hyperthyroidism under treatment with carbimazole and the
correlation between caries experience and body mass index was negative
and not significant

Background: Thyroidectomy is a common procedure performed by the
general surgeons. Stridor is an airway sign caused by a variety of post-
thyroidectomy complications.
Objective: To determine the incidence of post-thyroidectomy stridor and
the risk factors associated with its occurrence.
Patients and Methods: The study included 280 adult patients who had
total or partial thyroidectomy performed by various surgeons. Patients
were followed up for 6 months after they were discharged from the
hospital. Data collected included demographic information, type of thyroid
disease, duration of illness before surgery, type of surgery, number of
intubation attempts, and the presence of hoarseness and hematoma post-
operatively.
Results: Only eighteen patients (6.43%) who underwent thyroidectomy
developed stridor during the follow-up period. They were compared to 25
other patients who were chosen from the original sample based regular visit
of patients during the follow up. Higher body mass index (BMI), bilateral
thyroidectomy, presence of concomitant hoarseness and hematoma, and
more than one attempt at intubation were all associated with an increased
risk of post-thyroidectomy stridor.
Conclusion: Stridor affects only a small percentage of patients undergoing
thyroidectomy. Increased BMI, bilateral thyroidectomy, presence of
concomitant hoarseness and hematoma, and frequent tracheal intubation
are the most common risk factors for post-thyroidectomy stridor.

Background: Teratomas are composed of multiple tissues foreign to the
organ or site from which they arise. Although teratomas are sometimes
defined as having three embryonic layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and
ectoderm), and are generally divided into gonadal and extragonadal types.
The most common extragonadal type being sacrococcygeal teratomas
which constitute the most prevalent childhood germ-cell cancers
Objective: To assess postoperative bowel and urinary dysfunction in
babies with sacrococcygeal teratomas
Patients and Methods: 23 patients having sacrococcygeal teratomas were
received at the time between May 2014 to September 2022 at the
department of pediatric surgery in Raparen Teaching Hospital in Erbil
city.All recorded data from case note, operation notes together with
demographic data and operative details obtained and recorded . The
follow-up time span was between three months to seven years.
Results: The age range was from 1 day to 4year, (median 3 days) ,
Presenting features include posterior sacral mass in 17 cases (73.9%),
pelviabdominal mass in 5 cases (21.7%), urinary retention in 4 cases
(17.4%), palpable rectal mass in 2 cases 98.7%), intestinal obstruction in 1
case (4.3%), and constipation in 4 cases (17.4%). Eight cases (34.8%) were
type I, 6 cases (26.1%) type II and III, and 3 cases (13%) were type IV.
postoperative complications were wound infection in 4 patients (17.4%),
constipation in 5 cases (21.7%), 1 (4.3%) ugly scar arranged for aesthetic
operation, fistula 1(4.3%) case, recurrence in 1(4.3%).
Conclusion: Patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma were more likely to
experience uncontrolled urination, difficulties emptying the bladder,
pyelonephritis, and constipation than healthy children. Children with big
and immature teratomas had a higher prevalence of dysfunctional
outcomes

Background:Evaluation methods for periodontal disorders are continually
being refined to yield more precise, reliable, and time-efficient findings.
Radiographic reports and clinical assessments of periodontal tissues,
which served as the basis for earlier trends, were used to identify disorders
affecting the tooth-supporting structures. As traditional approaches have
become more apparent gradually over time, new methods emerged, some
of which have been empirically validated. One example is the detection
and measurement of biomarkers in bodily fluids. One of the most pressing
issues in periodontal field nowadays is the search for an idealized
periodontal diagnostic/prognostic biomarker that can both identify
diseased areas and track the therapeutic success of periodontal treatment.
Both IL-17 and IL-10 have shown connection to periodontitis that could
encourage using them as diagnostic tools.
Objective: To provide a review of the role and association of the above
biomarkers to periodontitis.
Patients and Methods: A systematic research of Google scholar, Scopus,
PubMed Central, research gate was conducted using keywords such as
diagnosis, periodontitis, IL-17, IL-10, biomarkers, Saliva and gingival
crevicular fluid (GCF).
Results: out of 58 records which resulted from the initial search only 14
were included which used roles, associations, and diagnosis as their
outcomes.
Conclusion: Evidence from the selected records suggests that the above
stated biomarkers might be able to discriminate periodontitis from health,
monitoring disease progression and post treatment outcome, but actual
clinical application needs much further research.

Background: Electromagnetic hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS) is
subjective clinical signs and symptoms caused by exposure to the
electromagnetic field.
Objective: To show the gender distribution of each category of EHS in
people who lived near the mobile phone base station.
Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in the
College of Medicine, University of Diyala. A total number of 196
individuals (128 men and 68 women) lived within a 1500 m distance away
from the mobile phone base station in the Diyala province in the North
East of Baghdad-Iraq included in the study. The authors interviewed the
participants and completed the EHS questionnaires.
Results: Participants reported high scores of sleep disturbances, anxiety, and
mood fluctuation compared with other complaints. Men had significantly
higher scores of transient deafness and migraine-like headache compared
with women. There were no significant differences between men and women
with subjective signs and symptoms related to the cardiovascular system or
skin. Multi-variable linear regression data revealed a significant correlation
(R=0.253) between the total scores of EHS with the age, distance from the
base station, and the onset of the illnesses).
Conclusion: We conclude that men who lived in the vicinity of the mobile
phone base station are significantly vulnerable to sleep disorder, anxiety,
and fluctuation of mood induced by electromagnetic radiation.

Background: Magnetic Resonance Imaging is accepted as the most
advanced imaging modality for diagnosis of maxillofacial soft tissue
abnormalities. It is noninvasive and has the potential to yield high quality
tomographic imaging in any plane with bone as well as soft tissue spatial
resolution. Additionally, the patient is not exposed to ionizing radiation or
any biological hazards.
Objective: To determine the depth of masseter muscle in various vertical
dentofacial shapes and to relate masseter muscle depth with craniofacial
shapes using magnetic resonance imaging technique (MRI).
Patients and Methods: Thirty youthful, healthy people overall between
the ages of 16 and 40 were chosen and divided into three groups of ten,
using (MRI), categorize each as a vertical, average, and horizontal grower.
The concepts masseter muscles had their different anatomical dimensions
sagittal, axial, and coronal directions utilizing MRI perspectives.
Results: Our study found the difference is significant when comparing
between the growth patterns in both direction (horizontal and
vertical)(p<0.05), also the direction of muscle fibers of masseter muscle
(anterior and posterior) away from first molar to the zygomatic arch was
saved. In contrast to the horizontal list, when the fibers are attached
anteriorly and vertically at the jaw angle, we discovered in our research that
the direction of the muscle fibers is toward the posterior side more than
anterior side and at a sharper angle.
Conclusion: The study found that the muscle fibers in the extra posterior
direction had a steeper angle than the horizontal group, with the vertical
fiber orientation having an anterior connection at the angle of the mouth.

Background: An outbreak of food poisoning was investigated in a prison
in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23, after poisoning cases was
reported to the primary health care center of the area on June 22, 2022.
Objective: To determine the cause of food poisoning outbreak among the
inmates.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a
prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23 and the data has been
collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher and filled out
by direct interview with all individuals who attended meals, all person in
that prison were interviewed and traced back every meal served in the last
two days before the investigation.
Results: All people who had interviewed, (12) reported to have a common
meal in afternoon of 21-June 2022, with age mean of 33.5+_ 6 SD. (5) of
them met the probable case definition of food poisoning, and the first two
cases had the onset of symptoms within 12hr. of the exposure, the last case
experienced a symptom was after 24 hr., all cases had fever and headache
followed by diarrhea (80%), nausea and abdominal pain (60%) and vomiting
(40%). The meal items were canned meat, canned tuna, grilled chicken,
apricot, plum and yogurt, the highest relative risk was for tuna (RR=4) with
risk difference of (50%)
Conclusion: The food item responsible for the outbreak was canned tuna.
Based on the incubation period, symptoms and the unhealthy storage of
food suggested that canned tuna could be contaminated with salmonella
spp.

Background: The present study describes complex reaction between 4-(2-
Thiazolylazo)resorcinol (TAR) and Dy(III) metal ion. The TAR compound
is known to form coloured chelates with various lanthanide metal ions .
Researches done in the field of azo complexes is relatively little.
Objective: To Dysprosiumchloride was selected as a metallic salt,
coordination complex of Dy(III) with TAR ligand were prepared,
Dysprosium metal ion get chelates as it react with TAR. It’s been
recognized for along interval of time that the azo group has the ability to
develop a coordinate fitting with metal ions. Dy(III) complex was
identified via FT-IR , UV-Vis. spectroscopy and measuring the electrical
properties. The purpose of the research applied in the field of dyes
Patients and Methods: The complex [Dy(TAR)2].Cl have been
characterized by elemental analysis (CHN). TAR ligand and its complex
were further studied using 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. Spectra of
this complex shows that the TAR compound behaves as a tridentate
manner via (ONN) atoms .
Results: The antibacterial activity of free ligand and so Dy(III) complex
were investigated .The composition of the chelate was found to be 1:2 (M:L)
.Dy(III) metal ion was six coordinate the analytical results of the complex
show the ratio of stoichiometry and complex showed octahedral geometry
around metal ion .
Conclusion: All results indicates that the Dy complex have the chemical
formula [Dy(TAR)2].Cl The overall number of points of attachment to the
central element is termed the coordination number.The study of biological
activity shows that the complex is more effective than the ligand

Background: In elderly patients, fracture of the denture is one of the most
common problems. Therefore, in this research, a chemical tantalum oxide
was added to test its effect on the extent of increasing the strength of the
denture and its ability to withstand fracture.
Objective: To assess how Tantalum oxide affected heat – cured acrylic s
impact strength and hardness.
Patients and Methods: The Intention was to create a total of (60)
specimens. Twenty samples were made without additives (control), and
40 had made with tantalum oxide at two different amounts ( 1%, 1.5%).
Results: The impact strength tests showed highly significant difference
among studied groups . The hardness test also showed really significant
difference between the two groups, the controls and the experiments. when
tantalum oxide had added the impact strength and hardness had increase in
all concentration.
Conclusion: Denture fracture in elderly patients is the main problem,
while when adding this substance, a decrease in the fracture rate was
observed when compared with dentures without adding this substance.

Background: Both Viruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis
in infants and young children and are considered an important cause of
mortality worldwide.
Objective: To estimate the rate of human bocavirus and rotavirus co-
infection in children with acute gastroenteritis and determine any
association with different risk factors.
Patients and Methods: Stool samples were collected from one hundred
children suffering from acute gastroenteritis at the Central Teaching
Hospital of Pediatrics, Baghdad, Iraq, for the period from December 2021
to April 2022. Samples were stored at -20 °C until they were utilized by
PCR and ELISA to identify the human bocavirus (HBoV) DNA and
rotavirus antigen (RV-Ag), respectively.
Results: This cross-sectional study showed that HBoV DNA was detected in
10 out of 100 samples (10%), while RV-Ag was detected in 22 out of 93
samples (23.66%), and the co-infection rate was 100% (All cases positive for
HBoV were also positive for RV). None of the studied demographic data and
risk factors showed a significant association with HBoV and/or rotavirus
infection (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Most NICU deaths resulted from prematurity and respiratory
distress syndrome. Enhancing healthcare personnel skills, standardizing
protocols, and evidence-based practices for preterm and respiratory
distress syndrome management can help reduce neonatal mortality rates in
Iraq.

Background: The role of tonsillectomy history on the course of COVID-
19 infection has not been determined, including COVID-19 colonization in
the tonsillar tissue and reduce the cytokine activity of palatine tonsil tissue
and the immune response of humoral with cellular immune.
Objective: To determine the effect of tonsillectomy in the development of
COVID-19 infection.
Patients and Methods: It was collected 150 cases diagnosed with
COVID-19 and they admitted to Diyala Hospitals. Data including age,
gender, smokers, and symptom status were collected.
Results: The total number of the patients who were positive COVID-19 was
150, the 102 (68%) of them were males and 48 (32 %) were females. It was
found that the highest incidence rate was noticed among non-smoking
patients (114 cases) compare to smokers (36 cases) (p<0.0001). It was
appeared a significant difference (p<0.0001) of the symptoms of COVID-19
patients with tonsillectomy relative to the patients without tonsillectomy
history.
Conclusion: Patients that infected with COVID-19 and they have a
history of tonsillectomy have more systemic response including fever,
chills and other symptoms compare to the patients without tonsillectomy
histor

Background: Iraq had the third-greatest neonatal mortality rate in the
Middle East in 2021 with 14 fatalities per 1,000 live births.
Objective: To investigate factors contributing to poor outcomes in the
neonatal intensive care unit.
Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted between 1
April to 31 September 2022 involved 632 neonates. Required data and
outcomes were collected using predesigned forms.
Results: The mortality rate in NICU was 23.9%, with 64.9% of deaths
occurring within the first six days. The overall mortality rate was 38.5 per
1000 live births. Deceased neonates had significantly lower gestational age
and birth weight (P<0.001). Prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, and
congenital anomalies contributed to 94%, 73.5%, and 20.5% of deaths
respectively. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with RDS
111(56.3%; P<0.001), pulmonary hemorrhage nine (100%; P<0.001), sepsis
26 (74.3%; P<0.001), and chorioamnionitis nine (100%, P=0.002).
Newborns delivered vaginally had a 4.11 times higher likelihood of poor
outcomes compared to cesarean deliveries.
Conclusion: Most NICU deaths resulted from prematurity and respiratory
distress syndrome. Enhancing healthcare personnel skills, standardizing
protocols, and evidence-based practices for preterm and respiratory
0distress syndrome management can help reduce neonatal mortality rates
in Iraq.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a common condition that
significantly affect the quality of life, high health-care consumption and
significant comorbidity.
Objective: To investigate and identify the symptoms that are most often
experienced by people with chronic rhinosinusitis.
Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we conducted one
hundred patients complaining of chronic rhinosinusitis presented to the
outpatient clinic for otolaryngology at Baquba teaching hospital; the
patients were chosen randomly. A careful clinical examination following
comprehensive history taking done for all of the patients. All patient's
main complaint were nasal airway obstruction, nasal discharge, and
anosmia. In addition to a clinical evaluation, a computed tomography (CT)
scan of the nose and paranasal sinuses was performed,. And Diagnostic
nasal endoscopy
Results: The population under investigation had a mean age of 35 years and
was mostly comprised of males. The majority of patients in this study
reported a common symptoms, including nasal congestion (72%), headache
(68%), and rhinorrhea (mucus discharge) (58%)
Conclusion: Chronic rhinosinusitis is characterised by a set of symptoms
that, if caught early, may be diagnosed and treated effectively.