Al-Kitab Journal for Pure Sciences

This study was done in Wassit province, Al-Kut city in December 2023. Two groups were selected in this study: the first one consists of 25 people who have lived near the Al-Ahdab oil field, while the second one consists of controls with no significant difference in age between them and of both genders. This study aims to detect the influence of environmental pollution on the measured parameters of the blood (Urea, Creatinine, Hb, PCV, and CRP) with the presence of a significant relation among them. The results indicate that there is a highly significant relationship between Urea and creatinine and between Hb and PCV in both study groups. There is also a significant correlation between Urea and both Hb and PCV in the exposed group. While it was a significant correlation between Urea and CRP was detected in the control group only.

The use of soap is one of the most important means of ionic cleansing and getting rid of some types of bacteria that may be harmful and present on the skin, especially after using the toilet, as part of them may remain on the surface of the skin, causing some pathological injuries, and the ability of soap to remove or eliminate these germs varies according to the soap type and the period of its use in washing, the study aimed to determine the ability of some types of liquid soap to eliminate different types of Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
The plate method was used to find out the sensitivity of each of the types of bacteria(Klebsiella, E.coli Staph aureus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus,) towards types of liquid soaps produced by international companies, including Bivy, Dettol, ActiveX, Lifebuoy, Oud, using the tablet method, and it was determined The minimum inhibitory concentration for each type of liquid soap (depending on the bacterial species used). Klebsiella E.coli showed high sensitivity to Dettol soap, while Pseudomonas and Staph aureus bacteria showed high sensitivity to Bivy soap. Streptococcus bacteria appeared to be highly sensitive to Lifebuoy soap, and the sensitivity of bacterial species to the rest of the soaps varied between medium and weak.

Ascorbic acid (AA) plays roles in many biological functions, such as participating in the production of collagen by taking a role in proline and lysine hydroxylation. AA works by removing the reactive oxygen species, thus removing the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium. The present study investigates the protective effects of AA on the testis tissue damage induced by paracetamol in rats. Thirty-two male rats were equally divided into four groups, with eight rats in each. Group (1) regular control group, group (2) was received 500 mg/kg/b.w. of AA orally for two weeks, group (3) was received 500 mg/kg/b.w. of paracetamol orally for two weeks, group (4) was treated with the AA (500 mg/kg/b.w.) and paracetamol (500 mg/kg/b.w.) orally for two weeks. The histopathological investigations of the testis tissues from the paracetamol group showed atrophy and degeneration of seminiferous tubules with an absence of spermatozoa, presence of cell debris, and loss of the Sertoli cells in some seminiferous tubules when compared with control animals. The testis tissues from a protective group showed less damage in the tubules and germ cells when compared with the paracetamol group. This study indicates that AA protects against paracetamol-induced testis damage in adult male rats.

Vaginitis is a prevalent medical illness that affects a substantial proportion of women, mostly attributed to the excessive proliferation of bacteria and fungi. The objective of this study was to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of Apple Cider Vinegar against bacteria and fungi that were obtained from cases of vaginitis. 50 vaginal swabs were collected from vaginitis patients at private clinics in Kirkuk City, Iraq (10 pregnant women and 40 non-pregnant women). The research included the isolation and identification of bacterial and fungal isolates. All isolates performed the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and disc diffusion techniques tests. Different concentrations of apple cider vinegar (20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 100%) were tested against the isolates and Standard antibiotic drugs were used as positive controls. The results of 50 patients were examined, showing that 22 (44%) had bacterial vaginitis and 39 (78%) had fungal vaginitis. Vaginitis was more prevalent in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant. Staphylococcus aureus recorded 14 (24.9%) out of the 54 bacterial isolates, followed by Echerichia coli, Group B- Streptococcus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively. whereas Candida albicans recorded 30 (61.2%) out of the 49 fungal isolates, followed by Candida tropicalis and Candida parapsilosis, respectively. The findings showed a range of sensitivity to apple cider vinegar among the isolated samples. The efficacy of apple cider vinegar was found to be greater against fungal isolates compared to bacterial isolates, with a higher effectiveness observed against gram-negative bacteria in comparison to gram-positive bacteria. The highest MIC values were found for Gram-positive bacteria, which recorded 125 (µg/mL), followed by Gram-negative bacteria, 62.5 μg/ml. While the lowest MIC values for the isolated fungi were (31.25 μg/ml). A comparison to traditional antimicrobial drugs has highlighted ACV's potential as an alternative treatment for vaginitis. According to these findings, ACV may be an effective treatment choice for vaginitis.

Passwords serve as a vital means to safeguard our digital accounts. Many individuals resort to conventional methods like writing down passwords on paper or storing them on cloud services, often overlooking security risks, forgetting, and divulging is the most notable, which leads to loss of access to accounts, or potential breaches. In this paper, we propose the development of an Android application named "BANK OF PASSWORD" to address this issue. Our work focuses on creating a lightweight app equipped with essential functionalities desired by users, including password addition, updating, copying, searching, and deletion. To ensure the security of stored passwords, our approach incorporates various protective measures, such as access restriction through a login process and the utilization of SHA256 hashing and AES256 encryption for password encryption, where stored passwords are securely encrypted and stored as ciphertexts within an SQLite database. A fingerprint authentication was implemented as a second login method. Extensive testing of the application demonstrates the successful functioning of all proposed features and requirements on devices running API level 26 or above.

The objective of the present research was to enrich yogurt with amygdalin (vitamin B17) and increase the nutritional value of yogurt using apricot and a by-product of apricot fruit kernels. Amygdalin was considered an antibacterial, hepatic protecting, anti-tumor, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulant, anticancer, antiaging, antidiabetic, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-angina, and antioxidant. Apricots that were mixed in a blinder for 3 min and filtered were used as a source of dietary fiber, lipids, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Apricot kernels that were heated for 2 minutes at 120 ˚C. then cold and grind in a blender were used as a source of amygdalin (B17). Obtained results showed that the incorporation of apricot and apricot kernel is considerably impacted by the addition of apricot and apricot kernel 5% Apricot pulp + 1% Apricot kernel and 10% Apricot pulp + 2% Apricot kernel 1.42, 2,92 mg/100gm respectively.

Given the backdrop of the Corona pandemic, the objective of this study was to identify some of the heavy metal presence in specific herbs collected from local markets in Iraq. Eight samples were selected, with four (Chamomile, Laurus nobilis, Artemisia, and Borage) used for COVID-19 prevention and the remaining four (Quince, Clove, Thyme, and Propolis) for treating COVID-19 patients. For the detection of metals in the selected specimens, EDX (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) was employed. The results revealed the existence of (Ca), (K), (S), (Si), (Al), (Mg), and (Zn) in Chamomile; (K), (Si), (Al), and (Zn) in Laurus nobilis; (Ca), (K), (S), (Si), (Al), (Mg), and (Zn) in Artemisia; (Ca), (K), (P), (Si), (Al), (Mg), and (Zn) in Borage; (Ca), (K), (S), (Si), (Mg), and zinc (Zn) in Quince; (Ca), (K), (Mg), and zinc (Zn) in Clove; (Ca), (K), (Si), (Al), and (Zn) in Thyme; and (Si) in Propolis. All the detected elements are considered essential metals, which are crucial for living biological systems and needed in relatively low concentrations. It is worth mentioning that the selected samples did not contain toxic heavy metals such as (Cd), (Pb), and (Hg), which are regarded as biochemically nonessential. Further analysis for heavy metal content, starting from acid digestion. This process aimed to liberate heavy metals from organic components in the herb samples. The results obtained through atomic absorption confirmed the absence of toxic heavy elements (Cd, Pb, and Hg). This is considered a positive thing as far as these toxic elements are concerned.

The structural properties of thin films prepared with different thicknesses before and after the annealing process and at different temperatures were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to study the structural properties. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the thin films prepared with different thicknesses, as well as those annealed at temperatures of 300 and 373 K, were composed of the β-phase, which is widely known as the most stable phase. The analysis also showed that the material has a polycrystalline structure characterized by a monoclinic crystal system. The density shows a constant increase in all thin films, with the dominant trend being (312) for all films. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurement results indicated that there was an increase in roughness with a change in the thickness of the thin films. In addition, there was an increase in the crystalline size of the thin films that underwent annealing at 300 and 373 K. However, there was a decrease in crystallite size at the annealing temperature of 473 K due to the phase change of the thin film material.

The unequal spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation, exacerbated by climate change, has received significant attention. Rainfall is pivotal for crop growth and environmental health, crucial in the water cycle, and essential to replenishing surface water sources vital for drinking water supplies. Consequently, understanding this phenomenon is critical for future planning. Evaluating spatial and temporal variations in rainfall is essential for the effective management of water resources. This study employs a statistical analysis of rainfall data from 16 rain gauge stations to identify annual rainfall trends, Linear Regression Equations, Coefficients of Determination (R²), Precipitation Concentration Index (PCI), and Rainfall Variability Index (RVI). The findings of the study come to show as the PCI has indicated strongly irregular rainfall concentration in Iraq. RVI identifies 2017 and 1983 as notably dry years, while 2018 stands out as a particularly wet year within the 40-year period from 1980 to 2019. RVI also highlights that normal rainfall years predominate, with very dry years ranging from 2 to 13, dry years from 3 to 11, wet years from 1 to 7, and very wet years from 6 to 10 within the study period.

This article introduces a unique case study involving open curves of parabolic form situated within two-dimensional spaces. It presents a new form of a two-dimensional curve achieved by repositioning the focal point to coincide with the vertex position, resulting in what is termed a Semi-Parabolic Curve (SPC) where the focal point acts as the vertex referred to as the SPC head point. In essence, the SPC represents the path traced by a point on a plane, where its distance from a fixed point (the focus), is always greater than or equal to its distance from a fixed straight line (the directrix). Furthermore, the article provides the coordinate equations that govern the points along these curves. With the potential to pave the way for exploring additional geometric aspects relevant to this class of curves, and to enabling comparative analyses across diverse mathematical and geometric domains, particularly in three-dimensional contexts in the future.

In this paper, we investigate the estimation of generalized modified Bessel regression model by using the Bayesian techniques under the assumption that the scale parameter and shape parameters are known. We use the informative priors for estimating of model. Then we derive a prediction distribution of the future response variable ▁Y_f by using informative priors for predictive future.
Our work applied our results to real data which represent the Iraqi market for securities having taken monthly data for the services sector and of Baghdad sector of Iraq for public transport for the year 2018, as the stock variable rate response variables affecting it are closing price variable, the stock turnover variable. Through the study shows that the explanatory variables are the most important influence on the stock price rate variables through variance inflation factor, the estimated model was appropriate for the data studied.

The main aim of this paper introduce the relationship between the topic of coding theory and the projective plane of order five where special points were found in field 5, which is 31 points, in addition to 31 straight lines, and by applying the theorem that gives the number 1 for the point that lies on the straight line and the number 0 for the point that does not lie on the straight line, we get the code n = 31, d = 6, e = 2, from which we get the table m, v, n. ,n,h, and based on these tables, the distance difference between the code elements was found, where the minimum distance was 6 and the largest distance was 31. These values were used to test the optimality of the code. We can generalize this theorem and apply it to larger fields such as 21 or 23 and others, test their ideality, and find the difference between field 5 and the rest of the fields. M is the maximum value of the size of code over the finite field of order five and an incidence matrix with the parameters, n (length of code), d(minimum distance of code ), and e (error-correcting of code)have been constructed some example and theorem have been given.