Academic Science Journal

This observation designed to measure some physiochemical parameters in samples of
fresh water selected from El-Garraf river (one branch of Tigris river at Al –Kout city) to
evaluate water quality and fish safety for human consumption.Samples were collected from
three area of the river. pH, temperature, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)and the
concentration of ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, Lead, Cadmium and mercury were also measured.
Ninteen fish (Cyprinus carpio) were also collected from the similar areas of the river,
specimens of gills, liver, kidney, gonads and intestine were taken for macropathlogical and
histological studies.The results of physiochemical parameters of the present study were
within the normal range of EPA standard of the rivers,the concentration of ammonia, nitrate
and nitrite were above the permissible level based on WHO safety of the rivers ,the obtained
results of heavy metals indicated that water of river also polluted with Pb and Cd. Gross
findings showed many abnormal alteration in gills and gonads of some fish studied.Several
histological changes was also observed in gills represented by thickness of lamella,
congestion and presence of area of hyperplasia with accumulation of mucus. Hepatic blood
vessels of some fish showed dilation and haemorrhage as well as presence of necrosis and
inflammatory cells within the blood vessels. Histopathological findings of intestine of some
fish reavled degenerative and necrotic area of some lining mucosal epithelium and sloughing
of the lining epithelium.

The theoretical internal conversion coefficient values were used to study The reduced
transition probability B(E2)w.u.↓ produced by pure electric quadrupole emission in even
even isotopes of 18Ar and 20Ca which have been calculated and plotted as a function for
neutron number (N) by using life times of 21
+ first excited state and the γ0- relative intensity.
the values are converted to values and then, the present
values are compared with previous study results.

The important of stable matching theory is to find the suitable of two sets of data, one
of these methods called Stable married problem, and its applied to find best match of set
based on other one. The proposal of the paper is find best matches of each sets of employers
agent for both companies and individual, then compares which the items have closest rank
and give the best rank using one of the heuristic algorithm of AI called Traveling Salesman
algorithm. The results shows the best suitor matched for both sets during implemented in
employment agents.

Steganography is the art and science of hiding information into digital media for the
purpose of identification, annotation, and copyright. In a way that prevents the outside
observer from recognizing the present of hiding information. In the current research, a design
and implementation for image's Steganography system based on Least Significant Bits
mechanism was presented and discussed. The performance of the hiding text system was
considered up to 1-bits, 2-bits. 4-bits hiding rate. A new adaptive Least-Significant Bit
method was suggested, implemented and tested, that based on the idea of the substitution
criteria. The result have indicating a good hiding performance

In this study, we proposed a simple models to estimate monthly mean temperature using long
term measured data for 9 meteorological stations in Iraq. The models based on fourth order
polynomial degree correlation formula, the coefficients of the models were determined by
considering root mean square error (RMSE), Modeling index (d) and correlation
coefficient(r). There are seen that the models have a good agreement with long term measured
data. The proposed models would be useful for farmers and agriculture applications, also can
be implemented to other region in Iraq.

In regard to the biological effectiveness of the piperazine and the acetylenic compounds
derived from the secondary amines such as piperidine and morpholine. These acetylenic
amines are very important class compounds for their pharmacological properties such as
activity, low toxicity and fast absorption by body. More over these compounds are electron
rich and easy to bond with protein receptor.
A number of pharmacologically important acetylenic amines derived from piperazine with
expected activity as oxotremorine antagonist have been synthesized through Mannich
reaction(1). The compounds prepared by reaction of substituted propynes and butynes with
substituted piperazine and paraformaldehyde in the presence of cuprous chloride as a catalyst.
All the prepared compounds are characterized by elemental analysis, physical data and
spectroscopic methods (IR, H1-NMR), and physical and spectral data were tabulated showed
in tables (1-3).

Urban areas have well documented effects on climate, such as the urban heat island effect,
reduction of wind speeds, enhanced turbulence and boundary layer heights, and changes in
cloud cover and precipitation. The objective of the present work is to study the Urban Heat
Island in Baghdad city, by finding out the spatial variation of four indicators, Normalized
Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), Leaf Area Index
(LAI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST) using Landsat-7 ETM+ imagery. Land use/ Land
cover map for the study area were retrieved using supervised classification by ERDAS(9.1)
software. This paper classifies Baghdad city area as five type of land built up area with trees,
built up area without trees, water area, low vegetation and high vegetation. The results shows
that the maximum difference of land surface temperature between the built-up and the
surrounding area reach to 11.97 oC. The maximum value of the land surface temperature
appeared in the built-up area without trees in the downtown of the city (29.96 oC ),while the
water and high vegetation area show 17.93 oC of minimum land surface temperature values.
The result of the spatial analysis of the NDVI, LAI and SAVI indicated that there is a
negative correlation with the built-up area and positive correlation with vegetation area.

Herpes simplex virus infection is a viral infection caused by herpes simplex virus , which
infect the skin and mucous membrane , which is of two types (HSV-1 & HSV-2) , type one is
the common infection , both sex are affected , type-1(labial) most commonly seen in
childhood and type-2 (genital) in adulthood which is sexually transmitted. The aim of the
present study was to evaluate the seroprevalance of herpes simplex virus infection among
Iraqi population. A cross sectional study , in which (398) persons (200) healthy volunteers
and (198) with different skin disease (except HSV infections) were included , during the
period from the first of January to the first of Jullay 2013 in Baquba city and outpatient clinic
of Baquba Teaching Hospital , their ages ranged from (1-60) years , they were (187) males
and (154) females . Blood samples were taken from all persons , to identify the IgG antibody
for the herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 ,by using ELISA technique in Baquba city . Certain
data regarding sex , address, education and occupation were recorded .The study showed that
(315) (79.09%) of evaluated persons were positive for anti-herpes simplex virus IgG antibody
with (P<0.001) and more prevalent in females (40.4%) than males (38.69%) , predominantly
in age group (21-40 years )(39.6%) , with a significant differences (P<0.001) and more
prevalent in civilized and those of low education levels (P<0.001) . Also the HSV-1 antibody
was more prevalent (56.51%) than HSV-2 (43.45%) , without significant value . It was
concluded that (79.09%) of general population were seropostive for HSV- antibody , more in
females than males and HSV type-1 was more prevalent than HSV type-2 .

The aims of this study were :A) to evaluate the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among adult type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in Kirkuk city by using an immunochromatography method. B) To investigate the probable association of serum magnesium ions (Mg+2) with Helicobacter pylori infection in the patients. One-hundred twenty five diabetic patients were evaluated (53 males and 72 females), their age ranged between 21 and 83 years. Anti- H. pylori IgG antibody was assessed serologically by using immunochromatography method. All patients' serum magnesium ions were estimated. Helicobacter pylori infection was diagnosed in 85 diabetic patient (68%), 47 males (55.2%) and 38 females (44.7%). A significant relationship between H. pylori seropositivity and serum magnesium ions (p<0.01) was noticed. We concluded that high serum magnesium ions level associated with high risk of infection with H. pylori. Diabetic patients are more prone to acquire H. pylori infection.

The aim of our study to provide a more complete quantitive description of the histomorphology of the tubular system and collecting tubules in kidney of rat during prenatal development. The developmental study of tubular system and collecting tubules has been done in the rat fetuses, which including detection the timing of appearance of metanephros collecting tubules. The study revealed that the differentiation and development of the collecting tubules in metanephros began in the rat at 14 day from pregnancy. Also the histological examination showed at the end of pregnancy the tubular system and collecting tubules visible in medulla and less degree in cortex of kidney with clear renal pyramids and well developed long sharp pointed papillae.

We consider Helmholtz problems containing a spectral parameter both in the equation and in the boundary conditions.
we prove that the system of corresponding eigen functions forms an orthonormal basis in some adequate Hilbert spaces. The oscillation properties as completeness, minimality and basic properties are investigated for the eigenfunction of the Helmholtz operator equation in the triple of adequate Hilbert spaces. Asymptotic formula for eigenvalue and eigenfunction are deduced.

The thiosemicarbazid was reacted with carbon disulfide .the result of their reaction was 5- amino 1,3,4 thiadiazol [1] .then the resulted compound was retreated with acetic anhydride to optain 5- mercapto 1,3,4 thiadiazol-2-yl acetamaied [2] to synthese 5 amino 1,3.4 thiadiazole-2- thiol [3].
This compound was allowed to react with aromatic aldehyde in precense of sodium hydroxide the resulted of the reaction -5- (2- amino-4-methyl thio1,3,4 thiadiazol (2H) yl -6- (1,3) oxazine 1,3 thiazine(4-6)(7-12)through reaction with urea and thio urea .the chemical structures of the products were characterized by (FT-IR) and (1H-NMR) (10,11) and melting points apparatus.

The research includes the study of the effect of the amount of ammonia (2, 5 and 8) ml on the optical properties of the membrane zinc sulfide (ZnS) nanoscale . Nanofilms attended using a chemical bath deposition method . The included optical properties: transmittance , absorbance , reflectivity , absorption coefficient , refractive index , extinction coefficient , the optical energy gap and the dielectric constant partially real and imaginary . It has been observed that increasing the amount of ammonia led to increased values of forbidden energy gap , has been prepared all models in concentration (0.05 M) and temperature (70 OC) and the time of deposition (30 min) where these conditions are optimal conditions for obtained on nanofilm by (CBD ) . It was to increase the amount of ammonia , clear effect on the thickness of the film were obtained on nanofilm in thickness (100nm) when the amount of ammonia (8ml). Was also noted that increase of ammonia may change clearly the rest of the optical properties

Two hundred twenty five samples were included (100 samples – Otitis media, 92 burning infection and 33 wound infection) of the patient in Al-Muqdadia – Diyala Governorate for the period November 2012- March, 2013. The results of bacteriological testing on blood agar, MacConky agar, and diagnose by microscope test, biochemical tests and certainty test by the use of api 20 E showed that 37 Isolates belong to P. mirabilis. Virulence factors were investigated by the isolates understudy. The study reveals that isolates were able to produce Haemolycine and Urease enzyme and the formation of Swarming phenomenon with rate 100%. Concerning Biofilm the study reveals that the isolates were able to form Biofilm, by using ELSA method 72.97%, Tube method 67.56% and Congo red method 5.4%. The ability to produce β-lactamase enzymes were investigated. The results showed that P. mirabilis were able to produce β-lactamase enzymes with 91.89%, while production of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase 56.75%. This bacteria produced Metalo β-lactamase enzymes 13.51%. The results induct that Proteus mirabilis had resistance to the antibiotics: Nitrofuration, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin, Cefalothin, Ceftazidime, Trimethoprim with the rates 100%, 100%, 100%, 91.9%, 97.3% and 91.9% respectively. Whereas the ability of the resistance to other antibiotics was less. They were: Tobramycin, Clavulanic acid, Amoxicillin, Gentamycin 81%, 81% and 83.8% respectively. The isolates were more sensitive to Amikacin 43.2%. The best two antibiotics to deal with P. mirabilis were Imipenem and Ciprofloxacin with resistance rate 16.2% and 10.8% respectively. The results revealed isolates with multi-resistance type; these isolates were divided into two groups depending on the number of antibiotics which isolates resisted. The first group included (9) isolates 24.32% which showed resistance to (4- 8) antibiotics whereas the second group which included (28) isolates 75.67% which resisted to (9- 12) antibiotics. The results showed that the second group was the supporter.

Some azo compounds have been prepared using the corresponding primary aromatic amines and sodium nitrite in the presence of DOWEX-H+ as catalyst in stead of the conventional acidic media in cold medium , all the prepared azo compounds were identified spectroscopic ally by IR spectroscopy , 1H NMR , 13C NMR and C H N analysis for some of the prepared compound .

This study has taken change occurred in some biochemical characteristics and their relation with the blood components which take place to women infected with Poly Cystic Ovary Syndrome in Diyala governorate which was considered as gynecology that effect apparently the infected ones and some side effects could accompany this kind of chronic disease like Hypertention ,Diabetes ,Dislipdimia in the body and some time cardiac- arteries.
This study carried out in infertility center in the AL-Batool Teaching hospital for women and children in Diyala governorate from20-8-2013 to 10-12-2013, and 67 case were followed up of women who suffering from PCOS and compared with the control group which included 63 healthy case that have been made sure that they were free from chronic diseases , heart diseases , Thyroid disease , diabetes and hypertension .
Hormones concentration was measured for women who infected and non- infected with syndrome including Prolactin , Triiodothyronine ,Thyroxine and Thyroid stimulating hormones . it was noted that level of Prolactin concentration was significant increased in women with syndrome as compared with non- infected . while that level Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine hormones didn't note any significant increase in it's measurement in women with syndrome.
Total Cholesterol and Triglycerides concentration was also measured that significantly increased in the women with syndrome compared with it's concentration in non- infected women .

The study included a total of 44 venous blood sample of male patients with Haemophilia collected at Albatol educational hospital / Baquba and child protection hospital / Baghdad for the period from January to April of 2012 to investigate the effect of Haemophilia on blood clotting time parameter: Prothrombine time (PT), activated Partial Thromboplastin time (aPTT) and FVIII activity, and to detect the type of Haemophilia. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in (PT) of the patients when compared with normal value of the assay, this test reflects the efficiency and normal concentration of the extrinsic pathway clotting factors which made in liver, an indication that the cause of the disease may be due to a deficiency or dysfunction of the intrinsic pathway of the blood coagulation cascade. These results were confirmed by decreased values of the partial Thromboplastin time (aPTT) in patients when balanced with normal values of the measurement, which reflects decline in the effectiveness of the coagulation factors of the internal pathway of blood coagulation cascade which include the factors FVIII, FIX, FX, FXI and FXII. Factor VIII activity test revealed that most Haemophilial patients in the study have a significant decline in FVIII blood-clotting activity which was ranged between 0.46% - 30% of normal values of activity. Which indicate that all the patients in this study suffering of Haemophilia type A with different degree of severity, The disorder was sub typed to acute type in 77.78% (34 cases, FVIII level less than 1% of normal), 17.78% moderate (8 cases, FVIII level 1-5% of normal) and 4.44% of milled (2 cases, FVIII level more than 5% but less than 40% of normal).

Afield experiment was conducted to study effect of foliar nutrition of potassium and chalated iron in vegetative growth of corn( Zea mays L.) under drip irrigation system.Random Complet Block Design was used in factor experiment with three replications. Spraying four concentrations of potassium(0,1000,2000,3000) mg.l-¹ and four concentrations of chelated Iron (0,50,100,200)mg.l-¹. The result showed that the suitable K- foliar nutrition treatment was 3000mg.l-¹ which caused significant differences in plant height , number of leaves,stem dimeter, leave area and dry matter of green growth .So using Fe-foliar nutrition treatment was 50mg.l-¹ caused significant differences in plant height and number of leaves and100mg.l-¹ caused significant differences in leaves area,stem dimeter and dry matter of green growth, While 200mg.l-¹ caused low of all traits because negative effect of iron ،Interaction between potassium and iron K3000 * Fe000 was significant effect in stem dimeter, leave area and dry matter of and K decresed high level o