Journal of Kufa for Mathematics and Computer

The education system has faced a lot of obstacles in the developing countries such as; the classical
curriculum system which is not up to date, the large numbers of students and teachers, some who have started leaving
their schools, neglecting the needs of disabled students whom the system is not encouraging to actualize some of their
potentials in learning. In addition students are suffering from inequity related to rural-urban differences and in
sufficient resource allocation for the education system especially outside the cities. Three methods of principal
component analysis Jolliffe method, Screen diagram method and Bartlett method have been used in this study. The
method has been chosen as the best method. According to the methods the most important of e-learning are improves
student’s performance, decreases the need of having special tutors, provides sufficient facilitation for disabled
students, importance for external students and reduces the rural-urban division gap. Based on what have been
mentioned and for the purpose of reforming and enhancing the education system, Information Technology (IT) has
been suggested. Hence, this paper is exploring the significance role of e-learning to enhance the quality of education
as well as Web 2.0 supplements and the various methods and techniques to improve the electronic learning.

In this paper ,we introduce the notion of intuitionistic anti- fuzzy ideal with respect to an element
of a ring and denoted them by
 -IAFI . We will investigate some the properties of this ideal .

The rapid growth of image retrieval has provided an efficient Content-Based Image
Retrieval (CBIR) system to retrieve image accurately. In this paper, a precise retrieval result by
exploiting color, texture and shape features is proposed. First, extract the features by color moment
and (Hue, Saturation, Value (HSV)) color space as a color feature, and then get the co-occurrence
matrix as well as Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) for a texture feature. Chain codes algorithm,
specifically chain code histogram, is then applied to obtain the codes of the shape feature. Second,
collect all these features and store it in the database, where each record represents one image of the
dataset. Similarity process is executed to find the images that are more similar to the query image,
retrieved images ranked. The dataset applied in this study is WANG that includes 10 classes with each
class containing 100 images. Experimental results have revealed that the proposed method
outperformed the previous studies with an average of 0.824 in term of precision.

In this paper, we introduce the notions of - ideal of a ℬℋ-algebra in ordinary
and fuzzy senses. Also, we give some properties of them and link these notions with some
types of ideals of ℬℋ- algebra in ordinary and fuzzy senses .The image and preimage of fuzzy
- ideal under a ℬℋ homomorphism are investigated.

In this paper, we present the idea in fuzzy V-B-ideal in V-B-ḄH algebra, we state and gives some
propositions and examples which explain the relationships between these notions and the other types of
fuzzy ideal s in ḄH algebra.

In this paper, we investigate several properties of the harmonic class ( ) we
discuss the coefficient inequality, the distortion bounds theorem, the closure theorem, convex
combinations, Bernardi integral operator and integral convolution property.