Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science

During this study,690 swabs were taken from different sites divided as the following:First,350 swabs from surgical instruments, doctor gloves, and antiseptics before beginning cesarean surgery to ensure their sterilization. Second, 310swabs from 70 skins(outof 100)of female patients attending Al-Elwiya Educational Maternity Hospitalwere taken at the site of cesarean surgery incision before and after sterilization with10%povidone-iodine and 10%povidone-iodine mixed with 70% ethanolto detect the efficiency of antiseptics and any bacterial invasion might cause post operative infections.Furthermore,30 swabs from infected surgical sites were taken from 30femalepatients with post operative cesarean infectionsto detect the causative bacterial pathogen. The result of 350 swabs that were all taken from different surgical instruments, doctor gloves, and antiseptics beforesurgery inall groups showed negativegrowth culture.Thebacterialisolates wereprimary identifiedby phenotypic examinationsand biochemical testsand finalidentification byVITEK-2system. Staphylococcusepidermidiswasrevealed to bethe prevalent bacterial species from all skin sample sources, while Staphylococcus aureuswas dominant in surgical site infections. Sterilization with 10% povidone iodine mixed with70%ethanol showed less bacterial loadon skin with a significant decreaseinthe numbers of isolated bacteria in comparisonto use 10% povidone iodine solution alone

The Ca2+_Mg2+ATPase are high attraction calcium pump, that contributes in maintaining plasma membrane of cytoplasm Ca2+, Mg2+ homeostasis by source to the outside of cell. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of the ultraviolet radiation on the activity of the Ca2+_Mg2+ATPase in the membranous vesicles of ileum in rats. Thirty adult Sprague–Dawley rats (age, 3-4 months, weight range, 180 –200 g) were used in this experiment, which divided in to 5 groups (n = 6 / group). The membrane vesicles isolated from smooth muscles of rats showed high activity Ca2+_Mg2+ATPase. All isolated membranous vesicles are irradiated with Ultraviolet radiation of 250 nanometers except control group. The irradiation period for each group was (5, 10, 30 and 45) minutes,respectively. The activity of Ca2+_Mg2+ATPase was decreased with increased time of irradiation. In conclusion, the increased time of irradiation inhibited Ca2+_Mg2+ATPase activity isolated from ileum smooth muscles of rats. The recommendations are to expose other organs like liver and kidney to UV radiation to explain its effect or using other range of UV radiation to reflect its effect

Interleukin-37(IL-37)is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that has an intrinsic role in many diseases through its extracellular and intracellular mechanisms. It was found to be in high concentrations in chronic diseases.In this study,the concentration of IL-37 was measured in 62 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 65 patients with chronic hepatitis B with 38 individualsas Healthy group using ELISA to confirm that IL-37 can be used a biomarker for hepatitis chronic diseases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to support this hypothesis. IL-37 levels were significantly higher in viral hepatitis patients (Hepatitis C virus and Hepatitis B virus) than in controls (92.28 ± 47.5, 83.1±43.44, 42.8±12.14 ng/L), respectively with p= 0.00001. The ROC curve showed that all hepatitis patients (HCV and HBV) could be distinguished from the control group according to their levels of IL-37 with an AUC value for HBV was 0.886, while for HCV was 0.955. In addition, the cut-off value for IL37 in patients suffer fromHBV was 58.55 ng/L with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100 %, while the cut-off value for IL37 in HCVpatientswas 57.27 ng /L with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 97%. This study concluded therewas an increase in the IL-37 concentration in patients with chronic HBV and HCV.

COVID-19 is a newly recognized sickness spreading rapidly worldwide and causing many consequencesand deaths. Diabetes Mellitus(DM) is suggested as a risk factor that contributes to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. The present study investigates the levels of Lymphocytes, Neutrophils, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and ferritin, in COVID-19 patients who suffer fromtype 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those without T2DM. 80 participants enrolled in this study, distributed into 4 groups; Group 1 (G1) included 20 patientswith COVID-19 and T2DM; Group 2 (G2) comprised of 20 patients with COVID-19; Group 3(G3) included T2DM patients.In addition,20 individuals were taken as a healthy control group. The patient samples were obtained from Ibn-AlKhateeb Hospital /Baghdad inthe period between February to April 2022.A hematology automated device was utilized to count lymphocytes and neutrophils, while a biochemical automated device was employed to measure D-dimer, CRP, and ferritin. Regarding the blood immune cells, there was a significant decrease in lymphocyte counts and a significant increase in neutrophil counts in G1 and G2 groups compared to the healthy control group.The serum levels of the studying markers(CRP, D-dimer, and ferritin )were increased in the G1, G2,and G3 compared to the control group. Furthermore, patients in the G1 group had higher levels of these markers than in other groups, which are considered prognostic markers for COVID-19 infection.

Corrosion is one of the most important problems that face the petroleum industry, both production and refining, and cause damage to petroleum equipment, tanks, and tr a ns mis sion lines, and increasing maintenance costs. in this study , was adding six concentration s o f th e drug expired Cefoperzone (Exp CEF) (50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm) to a Simu la ted Oil Well Water (SOWW), the inhibitive role of (Exp CEF) drug was investigated to Re d uc e the corrosion risk of carbon steel. Four different temperatures were used to conduct electrochemical tests (303, 313, 323 and 333 K)to achieve th e s tu dy. Th e s tu dy wa s th en supported by an examination of the inhibited surface using field emission scann in g e lec tron microscopy with energy dispersive (FESEM) and (AFM).The results indicated occurring th e inhibition by an anodic inhibitor that controls the dissolution of iron from steel gave the highest inhibition efficiency (IE%) by adding 500 ppm, while the calculation of polar iz atio n resistance (Rp) gave the highest resistance by 400 ppm through adsorption the add ed d ru g to show flakes shaped structures with decreasing surface roughness (Ra) f r om 3 0 7 .1 to 8 3 .1 5 ????????after inhibition. The calculation of adsorption isotherm confirmed the obeying of Langmuir adsorption isotherm by giving the coefficient of linear regression was about on e in the range of 0.999 >????2>0.995, with the spontaneous adsorp tion th at e s timated f r om th e negative values of ∆????????????????????and variation in the type of adsorption to be physically or chemically according to the added concentration because of th e d iff er en tial s ign o f ∆????????????????????. The sign of ∆????????????????????was positive that reflecting the increase in randomness at the metal/solution interface.

The development of an economical and simple colorimetric system based on a smartphone camera and image processing was includedin this study. This method was applied to determine three azo dyes namely: Methyl Blue (M.B), Methyl Red (M.R) and Methyl Orange(M.O) using the smartphone's camera as a detector. The results of the radar diagrams were giving a good agreement with the results of the calibration curves which were built using data of RGB for each dye. For establishing the accuracy and precision of this method, a classical method (spectrophotometric) was used for validation.This advancement in smartphone-based detection and identification systems will revolutionize environmental monitoring, ensuring rapid and effective diagnosis of contaminants for individuals and communities. Streamlining theDigital image colorimetryDIC process on smartphones is essential to public health and safety while promoting more conscious and sustainable practices worldwide.

In this paper,we developed a secure system for issuing digital signature for digital documents and certificates using message digest algorithm (MD5). The developed system is providing the integrity and authentication for certificates by combining the information of participant and supply them to MD5 algorithm to produce a unique hash key of 32 digits which is hard to guess or attack. The process provides a certificate which allows for the authentication of a document at any time. The proposed system used and tested to produce digital certificate for participant of electronic seminars in Mustansiriyah university which were about 1000 certificate. The results were good and very fair to authenticate certificates and preventing forgery

Short message services (SMS) represent one of the components of the global communications network and are one of the important developments in communication technologies and communications technology. SMS messages without a password are stored in the SMS server. For the purpose of review and dispute resolution. The security of SMS content cannot be protected because it is transmitted in plain text and is accessible to network operators and employees. Therefore, the end-to-end key is based on encryption and decryption technology can provide SMS security. The security protocols used for SMS security on contemporary mobile devices were examined in this study. SMS security system encryption time affects how well mobile devices work. This shows that security technologies take longer to generate keys and encrypt keys as the key size increases. Due to the limited processing power of mobile devices, large-scale algorithms such as DES, AES, RC4, and Blowfish are not suitable for SMS encryption. SMS may be encrypted using the elliptic curve technique because it provides great security with a smaller key on devices with limited resources, such as mobile phones. And chaotic theory, encryption is simple, fast and secure data encryption. As a result, a combination of elliptic curve algorithm and chaotic encryption algorithm is proposed to achieve a high level of security. In this paper, several tests have been done to compare the algorithms in terms of throughput, power consumption, SMS size, encoding time, and decoding time. The results indicate that the proposed method is better than the comparison method.

o guarantee data confidentiality and information sensitivity, human resource management requires secure systems. In the field of authorization and dependability in recognizing and identifying persons, facial recognition has grown in importance. In this research, a secure authentication systemis proposedbased on biometric aspects of the user's face and identifying it using the CNN classification model is provided to give access to human resource management and update data. The system is divided into four major stages: First, set up the system environment, beginning with smart cards, card readers, Arduino, and so on. Second, after undergoing pre-treatment steps, the facial characteristics are extracted using LDA. Third, create a high-accuracy CNN model to recognize and classify the user's face among the system's users. Finally, the user is allowed to enter the system and update his information. When compared to the accuracy of classification using machine learning techniqueswith a CNN proposed model, the accuracy of the model with LDA was up to 100%. K-NN has 91%, while TD has 94%.

The optimal control is the process of finding a control strategy that extr eme s ome p e rf or manc e index for a dynamic system (partial differential equation) over th e c la ss o fa dmiss ibility . Th e present work deals with a problem of fixed boundary with a control manipulated in the s tr uc ture of the partial differential equation. An attractive computational method for determining the optimal control of unconstrained linear dynamicsystem with a quadratic p er fo rma nce in de x is presented. In the proposed method, the difference between every state variable and its initial condition is represented by a finite -term polynomial series. This representation leads to a system of linear algebraic equations which represents the necessary condition of optima lity. Th e lin ea r algebraic system is solved by using two approaches namely the variational iteration me thod a n d the minimization approach for unconstrained optimization problem with estimation o f gr a d ient and Hessian matrix. These approaches are illustrated by two application examples.

In this paper, our purpose is to study the quaternary continuous classical boundary optimal control vector problem (QCCBOCVP) dominatedby the quaternary nonlinear parabolic boundary value problem (QNLPBVP). Under suitable assumptions and with given quaternary continuous classical boundary control vector (QCCBCV), the existence theorem for a unique quaternary state vector solution (QSVS) of the weak form (WF) for the QNLPBVP is stated and demonstrated via the Method of Galerkin andthe first compactness theorem.Furthermore, the continuity of the Lipchitz operator between the QSVS of the WF for the QLPBVP and the corresponding QCCBCV is proved. The existence of a quaternary continuous classical boundary optimal control vector (QCCBOVC) is stated and demonstrated under suitable assumptions

The chemical bath deposition technique was successful in producing silver-doped ZnO thin films. On the glass substrates, pureand silver-doped ZnO thin films have been deposited. By using a variety of sophisticated techniques, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field emissionScanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), UV-vis spectrophotometer, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, the generated pure and Ag-doped ZnO thin films were studied. According to X-ray analysis, Ag-doped ZnO crystallized as a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferencefor growth in the (002) planes, the pure and Ag-doped ZnO\'s hexagonal wurtzite structures provided evidence for the microparticles\' luminescent characteristics. The analysis of the methylene blue degradation revealed that the best photocatalytic response was displayed by the doped ZnO thin film. All thin films\' optical bandgaps were broad, and they generally decrease after more doping, itwas possible to determine that the particles were elliptical and rod-shaped and that their diameters were on the order of micrometers.forboth the doped and pure ZnO microparticles were seen to exist. The outcome shows that the produced microparticles\' average grain diameter was determined to be (15,20.5,14.5) um, with noteworthy band gaps of 3.39,3.34eV, and 3.08 eV, respectively

The aim of the research isthe infrared imaging technique IR Imaging was used to detecttemperature changes and their effects on the skin.In this study, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were prepared by Green's synthesis method.This method is considered the safest, easiest,and cheapest way to manufacture nanomaterials. The optical and structural properties of ZnO NPs have been studied by various techniques such as UV visible, X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy,and Transmission electron microscopy. ZnO NPs had a UV-visibleabsorption peak at around 300 nm.ZnO's average crystallite diameter was calculated to be 15.41 nm using Scherrer's equation, which was derived from the width at half maximum of the peak more intense on the 101 planesat 36.28°.The Field emission scanning electron microscopy data showed that the synthesized ZnO NPs havea consistent shape and size throughout theirrange,these NPs are characterized by their diameter and were assembled into cylindrical clusters of varying diameters, with an average size of 106. Different magnifications of the ZnO NPs examined by Transmission electron microscopyshowed that the majority of the particles were homogeneously scattered.Infrared thermal imaging technique (IRT)isused to clarify the change in temperature with the effect of the substance on the skin. The material was placed on the skin in two ways and put on the rabbit's front and back feet.When mixing the powder material of ZnO NPs withdistilledwater, and mixing the powder material of ZnO NPs with commercialVaseline,we notice in both cases a temperaturerise.The radiance was calculated for each image related to the change of temperature in the band (3-5) μm. The highest value in the range (3-5) μm for image R2 with radiationwas(0.9209). The total spectral radioactive emission is proportional to the area under the curves and shifts towards shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature

This paper offers a clear methodology for the characterization of cold atmospheric plasmas and their development. The optical emission spectra of an Ar/O2plasma jet produced in a plasma jet system at constant flow rates and for various potential discharges between 14 kV and 18 kV revealed that variations in voltage caused a significant difference in the intensity of the Ar/O2emission. The plasma characteristics of electron temperature (Te), electron density (ne), plasma frequency (fp), Debye length (λD), and the number of particles in the Debye sphere (ND), were estimated using the technique of optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The obtained data are subject to further analysis and discussion. It was determined that potential discharges increased, and an electron temperature increased from 1.34 eV to 1.54 eV. With rising potential discharges, the Debye length decreases while the electron density, plasma frequency, and number of particles in the Debye sphere increase.

This work focuses on fused color images resulting from motion blur (left and right) with a blur block size of 11 pixels. The color conversion process was performed from RGB color space (Red,Green,Blue) to HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value), L*a*b*,and Ycbcr (Luminance, Chrominance) color space. The traditional (addition, multiplication) and proposed fusion techniques (absolute real standard deviation) wereused for this purpose. The data was examined by quality criteria with reference (Mutual Information, Correlation Coefficient, Structural Content, Normalized Cross Correlation) and without reference (Blind Reference less Image Spatial Quality Evaluator, Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator, and Perception-based Image Quality Evaluator).In resultsand depending on the criteria, the best fusion method is the proposed real standard deviation.

In recent years, the Beltrami equation has garnered the attention of numerous researchers for the study of its analytical properties. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate certain properties of an analogue of the Cauchy integral for A(z)-analytic functions, utilizing the analytical properties of the Beltrami equation. Additionally, we obtain the compactness conditions for a family of functions within an A(z)-lemniscate.