Kirkuk Journal of Science

The aim of the current study is to determine the effect of Kirkuk
cement factory dust on renal function tests among the residents of
villages and farms surrounding the factory and those who are constantly
exposed to cement dust, which include: urea, uric acid, creatinine and
total serum protein for the period from January 2021 to April 2021. The
samples were randomly collected (60) samples from different distances
as the study group, which were divided according to the distance from
the factory into six categories D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, while the control
group was (30) samples for the last category, Laylan D7 area, and their
average age ranged from (10-70) years, venous blood was drawn (5) ml
of blood, serum was separated by common methods of separation, and
renal function tests were performed on it. The results showed that the
studied groups recorded a significant increase in the concentration of
urea, uric acid, creatinine when compared to the control group, While
the total serum protein decreased at the level P ⩽ 0.01 compared to the
control group.

This research aims to study the relationship between the values
of maximum electron density (NmE) with the critical frequency (foE) of
ionospheric E layer over Kirkuk city (lon: 44° E, lat: 35° N) which was
obtained through the use of the International Reference Ionosphere
(IRI2016) during the years (2008, 2014, 2018), which represents each
(ascending phase, peak, desending phase) for the solar cycle 24, and
in dates (22 December, 20 March, 20 June and 22 September) which
represent the days of (Winter solstice, Spring equinox, Summer solstice,
Autumn equinox) respectively. The results indicated that there is a strong
linear correlation between the values of maximum electron density with
critical frequency where the values of correlation coefficients ranged
between (0.984) – (0.998), and this indicates that with the increase in
maximum electron density the critical frequency increase, and vice versa.

The research studies the biological efficiency of the fungus Verticillium
lacanii and the alcoholic extract leaves Nerium sp Capparis sp. and
Lawsonia sp.against fourth larval instar and adults of male and female
Phlebotomus papatasi. The study was conducted at the laboratory
condition at a temperature of 25±2°C, relative humidity. 65 ± 5% and a
period of illumination of 12 hours/day. The suspension of Verticillium
lacanii at a concentration of 1×108 spores/ml gave the highest mortality
86.74% for the fourth larval instar after 24 hours of treatment, while the
suspension of Verticillium lacanii at concentration of 1×108 spores/ml
gave the highest mortality of 78.16% for the male Phlebotomus papatasi
after after 24 hours of treatment, the suspension of Verticillium lacanii
at a concentration of1 × 108 spores/ml gave the highest mortality rate
of 46.75% for female after 24 treatment. Alcoholic extract of Capparis
gave highest mortality 89.57% for the fourth larval instar, 76.18% for
males, and 87.71% for the female Phlebotomus papatasi after 24
hours at concentration 0.07 mg/l. The alcoholic extract of Lawsonia
sp. showed the lowest mortality was 43.01% for the fourth larval
instar, 29.21% for males, 31.86% for female sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi after 24 hours of treatment at concentration 0.01 mg/l respectively

Garbage kitchen waste has been considered as one of the most
difficult global issues with negative effect on the environment and health.
It contains high amounts of cellulose and other organic waste which
become ideal environments for the growth of pathogenic microbes
and their toxic products which may reach agricultural land and water
system. As a compromise, certain microbes are implemented under
certain conditions to reduce and manage food waste. In the present
study microorganism isolated from garbage kitchen waste collected
in Duhok city. one thermophilic bacterium, two mesophilic bacteria,
and fungus. All isolates were identified to the genus level and verified
by morphological and biochemical characteristics. The findings show
that two mesophilic bacteria were fungus from the genera Mucor and
Rhizopus, one was a bacterium from the family Staphylococci, and one
was a thermophilic Bacillus species. The enzyme activities of the isolates
were estimated and revealed that Bacillus spp. has cellulase, protease
and catalase activity while Staphylococcus spp. has only protease and
catalase activity. Mucor and Rhizopus spp. have only cellulase and
catalase activity. To estimate the level of garbage degradation. The
level of garbage degradation was estimated by tacking the weight of the
sample before and after degradation as well as detecting the content
of protein and carbohydrate by using Folin Lowry and di-nitro salicyclic
acid, phenol sulphuric acid method. The comparative study showed that
both mesophilic (Mucor) and thermophilic microorganisms (Bacillus)
showed the best degrader compared with Staphylococcus and Rhizopus.

Oxidative coupling reactions are one of the significant methods used
in the estimation of certain drugs in pharmaceutical formulations. This
study describes the development of a fast and sensitive spectroscopic
method considering the determination of trace amounts of methyldopa
in an acidic aqueous solution. The adopted method centered on
oxidative coupling due to the drug Methyldopa with the reagent 1,
5-diaminonaphthalene in the presence of ceric (IV) ammonium nitrate
as oxidizing agent to form a stable blue-colored product, giving the
highest absorption at 730 nm. The product was appeared to agree
Beer’s law within the limits of (5.4 - 39.6) µg /ml, and a value of molar
absorptivity equal to 4.79471×104L/mol.cm.Sandell′
sindex,0.0044µg/
cm2
, Relative standard deviation was in the range (0.5942 - 0.9687)%,
whereas recovery average and determination factor were 99.908% and
0.9998. The proposed method has been successfully applied in the
determination of Methyldopa in its pharmaceutical preparations.

In the present study 30 stray dogs were collected, dissected and diagnosed in order to recognition on intestinal parasitic helminthes.
The results demonstrated that 50% of total 30 stray dogs were found to be infected with intestinal parasitic helminthes. These includes three species of trematodes Heterophyes (6.6%), Mesostephanus (6.6%) and Prohemistomum (6.6%), three species of cestodes Dipylidium caninum (40%), Echinococcus granulosus (6.6%) and Taenia taeniaformis (13.3%), and three species of nematodes, Ancylostoma (20%), Dirofilaria immitis (6.6%) and Toxocara canis (6.6%).
Three species of trematodes (Heterophyes, Mesostephanus and Prohenistomum) and one adult nematodes (Dirofilaria immitis) were isolated for the first time from stray dogs in Iraq.