Gulf Economist

In the post global corona virus pandemic era, existing studies have adequately examined the impact of health indices on economic growth, especially in Nigeria, where healthcare system is failing, health workers emigrating in droves and health cost surging. Thus, this study examined the causal relationship between health indices and economic growth in Nigeria between 1990 and 2019 using quarterly time series data. The study employed the ARDL short run, long run, and the error correction estimators and found that a significant relationship exists between health variables and economic growth in Nigeria. The study concluded that improvements in health outcomes would be growth-enhancing. But, the ability of health indices to sustainably yield growth benefits, hinges on the level of education and manpower retention in the health sector. Since improved health outcomes are growth-enhancing, we strongly recommend that health policies should be directed at improving life expectancy, reducing infant mortality, and minimizing crude death rate. This could be achieved by investing in the health sector and such investment should be regarded by the government and households as a veritable source of economic growth through access to quality health care services at affordable cost.

This study aims to present an alternative investment portfolio to invest the surplus from the official reserves of Iraq, by proposing an alternative portfolio that invests the surplus in gold and comparing it with the actual portfolio. Miscellaneous lead to the growth of reserves and increase cash receipts and then sustain them.

This study aims to express the role of justice and the extent of its contribution to the development of human resources and the improvement of their job performance. The study conducted for a sample of workers in the Arabian Gulf Academy for Marine Studies. As a hypothesis scheme was built according to the variables of the current study, and on this basis the main and sub-hypotheses were developed. The questionnaire was used in the process of collecting data from a community of (180) employees working in the Maritime Academy. The results of the study showed that there is a positive effect for the role of justice in good governance and the development of human resources.

The study aims to identify the official changes that occurred in the exchange rate from 2003 until 2021, which had a direct and indirect impact on foreign trade. In contrast, it reduces the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the US dollar. For reaching this goal, the study adopted the inductive approach and using the descriptive and statistical methods in economic analysis. The study concluded that the Iraqi economy is still a one-sided economy that depends on global markets for the purpose of meeting its increasing demand. Oil revenues for the purpose of financing public spending, which makes it vulnerable to shocks and external changes related to the oil markets. Therefore, production capacities must be expanded in order to adjust the economic structure dependent on the oil sector in a way that guarantees a surplus in its domestic production through which the state can increase its exports to the outside world and increase its foreign currency earnings. Instead of relying on the oil sector to provide this outcome.

The study aims at clarifying the concept of strategic planning and its role in improving the elements of marketing mix and the degree of its implementation in the work of Al-Awsat Company. The study attempt to analyze the relationship between strategic planning and elements of the marketing mix in order to highlight the most prominent possible solutions that contribute to identifying the positive effects and mitigating the negative effects. Problem of the current study was the incorrect application of strategic planning on the elements of marketing mix in the Middle Company for marketing and selling food supplies. Through the use of tools and mechanisms that do not keep pace with technological developments in a highly competitive environment, the vision is unclear in terms of dimensions that do not rise to the size of the company and its products. The study sample included a group of employees in departments, divisions, working individuals and delegates, where the researcher used the field interviews form and recording notes to analyze the study data manually to reach the results.
The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that strategic planning has a great role in improving and developing all elements of the marketing mix, and there is a weakness in product distribution activities and the company’s distance from the market center. The company works by opening more distribution outlets and keeping abreast of technological developments to improve the elements and activities of the marketing mix to achieve competitive advantage.

This research aims to measure the impact of applying the requirements of leadership and strategic planning according to the international standard (ISO9001:2015) on the strategic success of the Arabian Gulf Academy for Maritime Studies by referring to a statement of weaknesses and strengths related to the application of these items and studying their impact on increasing levels of strategic success for the mentioned research sample.
The researcher adopted a survey methodology by collecting data and information from personal interviews and by developing a questionnaire to ensure relationship between the two variables of the study, i.e., the independent and dependent ones. A Survey for the opinions of (180 individuals), represented by the senior and middle management staff of Arabian Gulf Academy of Maritime Studies, were surveyed.
The researcher relied on the statistical programs SPSS.V24 and AMOS.V.24 in analyzing the questionnaire data. The results of the statistical analysis concluded that there is an effect between the dimensions of the international standard represented by the two items, i.e., leadership and strategic planning, each as a separate and combined. The dimensions of the strategic success variable and the strategic success variable also analyzed in total.
The study concluded number of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to make adjustments and changes in the quality management system applied in the Academy in line with achieving the best compatibility with the international quality management system. This will allow it to achieve strategic success, and increase the confidence and sincerity of the parties concerned, and emphasizing the implementation of all dimensions of strategic success to raise the organization to the required level.

The current research tries to determine the level of availability of the performance evaluation and continuous improvement requirements in the application of the ISO 45001:2018 Occupational Health and Safety Management System by depending on the qualitative design and by relying on the case study methodology for the purpose of evaluating and discussing the ISO45001: 2018 occupational health and safety system and standards. The study population was represented by departments and higher departments concerned with occupational safety and quality in the Arabian Gulf Academy for Maritime Studies. A checklist was built based on the specifications of the international standard (ISO 45001: 2018), as the sample included 12 individuals belonging to higher departments and departments concerned with occupational quality and safety. The research concluded that the application of the occupational health and safety management system in accordance with the international standard ISO 45001-2018 in the Arabian Gulf Academy for Maritime Studies is a basic and very important commitment, and the requirements for performance evaluation and improvement need significant developments to be at a level close to the international standard.

This study tries to find out what Agile Marketing is? And what are its requirements? What is institutional excellence? and what are the dimensions? The extent to which the company in question has adopted the dimensions of Agile Marketing. In addition to determining the level of achievement of the mentioned company for institutional excellence.
The study was applied in Dar Al Khaleej Mineral Water Manufacturing Company. This company has a noticeable share in Basra markets. It has received the human market’s attention for the distinguished products offered. The researcher chose a stratified random sample of (65) individuals to reach the following findings:
1. Dar Al Khaleej Mineral Water Manufacturing Company adopts modern methods in the field of marketing, through the use of a group of specialists, who contributes in increasing the sales on one hand and achieving the company's institutional excellence on the other.
2. Dar Al Khaleej Company focuses on delivery on time, and thus it adopts a policy of partnership with suppliers on the one hand, and with customers on the other.
3. The statistical results showed that there are a significant correlation between lean marketing and institutional excellence, and a significant effect relationship was found also between agile marketing and institutional excellence.

As a result of the continuous development, the importance of operations research, especially business networks, has increased to manage various projects to ensure the utilization of time, effort and available capabilities. Time is an important factor in the completion of projects, it has become necessary to use modern scientific planning and scheduling methods, due to the presence of large and complex projects that include multiple and overlapping activities. The research aims to use the Critical Path Method (CPM) and the Program Evaluationand Review Technique (PERT) for the purpose of reaching the optimal time and the lowest cost and in light of the available capabilities.The study found out that without using the business network in Al- Mustafa Residm complex, it has negative impact on the period of project implementation as the Actual implementation period reached (1440) days. While using business networking techniques (CPM, PERT), it reached (1001). So there is a clear difference estimated at (440) days, as the project network data was analyzed by using the program (WinQSB).

The research aims to compare the exponential distribution and the Akash distribution to estimate the risk function for jaw cancer patients. As the statistical properties of the exponential distribution and the Akash distribution were reviewed, and their parameters and the risk function were estimated for the exponential distribution and the Akash distribution using the method of greatest possibility for the purpose of obtaining the best results. The study worked on applying the Carlo Monte simulation method using (Wolfram Mathematical 12.2) program with a sample size of (105) participants and using three criteria for comparison between them (〖BIC-AIC- AIC〗_C) in estimating the risk function.