KARBALĀʾ HERITAGE Quarterly Authorized Journal Specialized in Karbalāʾ Heritage

This research article sheds lights on the attitudes of the Baḥrᾱnī Investigator in the Encyclopedia Of The Jurisprudent and Traditional Narration through his evaluation of the approach of Šayḫ ͑Alī Bin Bᾱbawayh Al- Qumī and his son A- Ṣadūq in their thinking heritage. In addition, the article treats Ṣᾱḥib Al- Ğawᾱhir's opinions on the solutions introduced by A- Šayḫ A- Ṭūsī to lessen the anachronism phenomenon that deeply appeared in our jurisprudential accounts.
The research, handles Baḥrᾱni's understanding Al- Sayed Al- Murtaḍa's approach in his ʾIǧtihᾱd Reasoning studies of the accounts and their role in Al- Murtaḍa's Jurisprudential Organization.
Moreover, this study searches Baḥrᾱnī's vision of ͑Amᾱr Bin Mūsa A- Sᾱbᾱṭī's accounts. This vision resulted in an idea that the phenomenon of the unilateralism highly overwhelmed over the accounts that were collected by ʾIbn ͑Amᾱr. Consequently, there is no way to argue ʾIbn ͑Amᾱr uniqueness in his elicitation which contradicts the other trustworthy narrators. Furthermore, the article deals with the evaluation of Ṣᾱḥib Al- Ğwᾱhir's evaluation of the four books of Fiqh Jurisprudence as well as the book of the Fiqh of Imām A- Riḍā (pbuh), Al- Ğa͑faryāt and Da͑āʾim Al- ʾIslām.

This article includes the biography of one of the most prominent scholars in the Ḥawza the Theological School of the Holy City of Kerbala in the Thirteenth Century of Hegira, ͑Abdul Samī͑ Al- Yazdī. This scholar was so notable in his knowledge and theological scholarship. He was, indeed, known as the Scholar Šayḫ Al- Samī͑ Muḥamed ͑Alī Al- Yazdī Al- Ḥāʾirī (D. 1260 H.). The article contains the biography of Šayḫ Shaykh Samī͑ and early stages of his vague and surprising raising which is hardly mentioned in the compilations of the biographies. Therefore, the researcher did great efforts to find out many positive aspects of his personality. Hence, the research article sheds lights on the various books of biographies and history that contained his professors and students at the same time.
The article, as a result concludes his life, professors, students, scientific position, poetry and compilations. In this context, a priority has been given to his scientific status throughout two ways:- First, other scholars' mentioning him, praising him for they admired him so much. Second, through the legacy he quantitatively and qualitatively left as scholar heritage and compilations, and the rich main as well. The article searches also the literature side of Šayḫ Samī͑ Al- Yazdī in view of his poetry which is partly mentioned in this article.

This research article attempts to study a literary term that has a great activity in the Arab literature in the semantics and sense which is called in the studies of literature, the metaphorical imagination. This machinery, in fact, is no longer used in the vanguard of the rhetoric styles which are hugely used to perform the required semantics.
In this research article, the researcher intended to feel some technical feature in the poetry collection of a modern Kerbalaian poet, Šayḫ Muḥamed Taqī Al- Ḥāʾirī A- Ṭabarī (D. 1946 A.D). This writer could be considered as one of the brilliant poets who actively contributed to enrich the literary life of Kerbala town in the twentieth century with more activity. But, unfortunately, this poet was not given much interest by the researchers and writer, and could not be over emphasized. For this reason, this research article has been planned to clearly reveal the metaphorical content of Šayḫ Al- Ḥāʾirī.

This research article aims to identify Ḥumayd Bin Zayād A- Naynawī and his scientific life. Bin Zayād is well known by the biographers as " A- Naynawī" as well. So, studying his geography opens a bright gate for the scholar heritage of Kerbala in general and for the narration of the traditions in particular.
Kerbala, in fact, could be regarded as one of the scientific spiritual and jurisprudential stations that represents the sanctuary of Imam Hussein in the best possible way. For this reason it became a spiritual destination for so many jurisprudents, scholars and narrators. Most of the resources refer to the settlement of most of the prominent scholars and narrators in it and they could enrich its legacy with flourished contributions. But, it is noticed that in the early centuries, the scientific movement of Kerbala did not reach the desirable level.
This research article tries to disclose the extrapolations of biographers, narrators and jurisprudents of Ḥumayd Bin Zayād through their searching his life, sect, documents which all denotes that he followed the Waqifid sect. But, by much more searching and extrapolations, it is most probable that he left the Waqifid sect and believed in the right faith of the Prophetic household.
At last it could be said that searching Bin Ḥumayd, his professors and students and his intentions revealed his narrating personality and affected in the traditional heritage too much. In addition, studying in deep the content of Bin Ḥumayd's narrations discovers that he was so efficient in the jurisprudence and other aspects of the knowledge in the different parts of the Islamic culture.

The question of the demarcation of the Ottoman- Qajar Persians boarders could be considered as one of the great controversies between those two countries for long period of time. In the first decade of the fifth century, new circumstances appeared to show an urgent need to solve the problems by both of the neighboring states. In that constant dispute, the Iraqi boarders gained too much interest. This could be attributed to the fact that all of the parts of Iraq were under the Ottoman domination.
This research article, however, sheds lights over the developments of Ottoman- Qajar boundary settlement and its affection on the real tension in the relationships of the two states. So, after the overrun of Naǧīb Pāša's forces of Kerbala town, there were many Qajar reactions to that brutal act. Therefore, the international discussions on the Ottoman- Persian boundary question did not ignore the Russian and British mediators through the negotiations that followed the episode of Naǧīb Pāša in Kerbala. Consequently, this study tried to analyze the result of that severe incident on the negotiations of the second treaty of Arzroum which extended for four years and led to the demarcation of the modern Iraq boarders.

This research article contains a description of a collections of manuscripts that preserved in the Princeton at the United States of America. They are about twenty one letter in the fundaments of the Fiqh Jurisprudence. But, a copy of those manuscripts is written in Kerbala and owned by many Sayeds persons who descends from the Muḥamedan Prophetic household. The contents of that jurisprudent letter was mentioned by ʾAġa Buzrug A- Ṭahrānī (D. 1389 .H.) in his great compilation A- Ḏarῑ῾a pretext to the compilations of A- Šī͑a), then that letter was finally kept in library of the American Princeton University. It is, indeed, unknown whether it voluntarily or involuntarily reached the United states. In both cases, it is unfortunate to see our heritage looted in the hands of the Western civilization. Anyway, those western libraries have recently permitted to reach their libraries online, and the library of Princeton is one of them. Princeton library approximately includes 1200 manuscripts online. In occasion, we draw attention of the researchers to aim to that library to reveal our legacy as much as they can.

Sayed ͑Ali A- Ṭabᾱṭabᾱ᾽ῑ, The Author Of A- Ryᾱḍ is considered as one of the famous scholars who did their best to revive basics of the Islamic religion. It is noticeable that he achieved great scientific efforts in Al- Ḥadῑṯ A-Nabawῑ the Prophetic Narration, and taught many scholars in this field. In addition, Sayed 'Ali A- Ṭabᾱṭabᾱ᾽ῑ taught in the main texts of the Al-Ḥadῑṯ A-Nabawῑ and its narrators. Moreover, he provided science of the Ḥadῑṯ with granting the ʾĞᾱzᾱt Testimonies to so many scholars. By so doing, he did his best after an interruption in the transmitted Ḥadῑṯ. For this reason, we have collected his testimonies alongside with two texts belong to his professors, and mentioned the names of the scholars who were granted such testimonies.

All praise to God, the Lord of all the world and peace be upon our master Prophet Muḥamad and his household members and companions. Having said that this research article treats the handwritten and printed ʾĞᾱzᾱt Testimonies of Šayḫ Yῡsuf Al- Baḥrᾱnῑ. Furthermore, this article contains some of his ʾIstidrᾱkᾱt afterthoughts which have been mentioned in a previous research that concerned in the ʾJᾱzᾱt and published in the refereed Journal Kerbala Heritage in the paired volume (23- 42) which is titled as " Lights over the ʾĞᾱzᾱt of Šayḫ Yῡsuf ʾᾹl ͑Ṣfῡr Al- Baḥrᾱnῑ". In that abovementioned article, the researcher could not find out what we have discovered in this research article. Hence, this research specifically majored in the identification of four ʾĞᾱzᾱt which were issued and granted to four Islamic theology students:- ( Shayḫ ͑Abᾱs Bin Ḥasan Al- Balᾱġῑ A- Najafῑ, Šayḫ Muḥamad Ṣᾱʾib Bin ͑Abdul Raḥῑm Al- Sharῑf Al- Ḫwᾱnsᾱrῑ, Sayed Muḥamad Mahdῑ Bin ͗Abῑ Al- Qᾱsim Al- Mῡsawῑ A- Shuhristᾱnῑ, Sayed Naṣrullah Bin Sayed Ḥusayn Al- Ḥᾱʾirῑ A- Šahῑd ).

Šayḫ Muḥamad Ṣᾱliḥ Al- Burġᾱnῑ Al- Qizwῑnῑ is regarded as one of the scholars and interpreters who taught in the foundations of the Arabic language in his mother country, the Caspian City. He travelled a lot in search for scholarship and knowledge. Furthermore, he authored many books in three different sizes, big, middle and small.
However, this exegesis " Miftᾱḥul- Al- Ğinᾱn Fῑ Ḥal Rumῡzul Qurʾᾱn" could be considered as one of the comprehensive interpretations in which the interpreter depends upon his predecessors in this major. In these books, he also, gathered from the essential books of Arabic language and novels and from another bigger exegesis book, " Baḥrul ͑Irfᾱn" which he authored himself.

Karbala is still filled with well-known men of letters, scholars, and poets who have contributed truly to heritage-based life and have enriched humanity in general and Arabic in particular with their works. The poet(Šayḫ ͑Alī bin Aḥmad Al-Faqīh Al-͑Āmilī's Collection of Poems) is a case in this regard.
The present research studies, verifies and rectifies the poet’s divan through two sections. The first section is devoted to study the poet’s biography and poetry. The second section focusses on verifying and rectifying his divan. The current research is hoped to uncover this prominent literary work, to make it at the hands of the researchers.

Knowing and celebrating the status of elders and scholars of Shia is remarkable for better understanding of the way of propagating the message and establishment of Islamic faith and religion. Baraghani lineage, whose origin dates back to the tenth century AH, especially the second half of the 12th century is one of the effective and blessed family in ministering and teaching the pure Islamic lessons and instructions during the Shia history. Baraghan is the name of the village in Qazvin and the kinship branches of this family are among the three families of Āl-e-Salehi, Āl-e-Shahidi and Āl-e-Alavi, who mainly lived in Karbala and Qazvin, and their genealogy and scientific heritage has been recorded along with the Baraghani lineage. In the artcle, we sought to shed light on religious activities of Baraghani lineage in Karbala. As we review and examine the biography and bibliography books the following results have acquired. One of the great scholars of this family is Mohammad Saleh Baraghani who served the Muslim culture and society in across Persia and Iraq especially in holy Karbala. He was disciple of great professors such as Agha Al- Wahid Baqir Al- Bihbahani and Sheikh Moḥammad Mahdī Baḥr al-ʿUlūm and Sheikh Ja’far Kashif al-Ghita’ and had a lot of journeys during his life for learning and spreading religious sciences. In spite of his multitude works such as the compilations about the history of Ahl al-Bayt specially about the virtues of mourning for Imam Hussein (pbuh)which seems arisen from his presence in Karbala, he had presented several services in the cities of Iraq particularly in Karbala such as the Renovating and mending the wall of holy shrines of Imam Hussein (pbuh)and al-’Abbas (pbuh). After dedicating his whole life to Islam and the Ahl al-Bayt, and suddenly, when standing against the Darih Imam Hossein (pbuh), he passed away 1271 A.H. and buried in Karbala. This scholar has left a blessed offspring that settled mostly in Karbala. Beside his seven sons who were mainly great scholars and some of them lived in Karbala such as Sheikh Hasan Al Salehi Baraghani, he had a noble descendants which Sheikh Mirza Allameh Baraghani and his brother Sheikh Mirza Ali Naghi Baraghani (who was known as Teacher of Karbala specifically) were among the grandsons of Mohammad Saleh Baraghani and they were great scholars in Karbala and became the scientific authority like their noble ancestor. These two brothers taught and trained many prominent clergymen during their lifetime in Karbala.