Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences

This study was conducted in Al-Najaf slaughterhouse, during the period from January to March 2019 to investigate and classify the microscopic changes of pulmonary lesions and comparison between the percentage of different lesions in lung of slaughtered young and adult cattle. Two hundred and twenty cattle were postmortem examined, The specimens from their lung were collected and preserved in buffered formalin 10% and routine staining with H&E stain and special staining with Masson's Trichrome stain were achieved.The results of the microscopic study showed that there were variable pulmonary affections in slaughtered cattle. The microscopic investigation of the lung specimens stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain showed variation in the occurrence of different microscopic lung lesions, arranged from high percentages such as pleural changes (94.5%), bronchopneumonia (68.5%), pneumonia (57%), emphysema (44%), atelectasis (42%), fibrosis (37%), angiogenesis (35%), congestion (32.5%), consolidation (19.5%), haemorrhage (16.5%), hemosiderin deposition (15.5%), hyperplasia (15%) and desquamation (10%) to moderate to low percentages such as tuberculosis (5.5%), hydropic degeneration (4.5%), oedema (4.5%), hydatid cysts (4%), sclerosis (1.5%), abscesses (1%), metaplasia (0.5%) and thrombosis (0.5%). The main conclusions of our study revealed that there were different pulmonary lesions could be diagnosed as well as there was significant differences between the prevalence of lung microscopic lesions between young and adult cattle

The study was designed to evaluated exocrine pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in hyperglycemic male rats induced by alloxan. A total of forty five adult male rats were use in this study, hyperglycemia was induce in thirty rats by single intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of Alloxan 100mg/kg/B.W. and the experimental (45) distributed into three groups: the first group (15 animals) administered distilled water orally service as control group. The second group hyperglycemic groups (15 animals) was treated with exocrine pancreatic enzyme(EPE).The third group hyperglycemic group non treated with exocrine pancreatic enzyme(NEPE). Blood samples were take in days 20,40,60 of experiment for measurement the following parameters: Serum some biochemical parameters, tissue pancreatic activity. The results showed that tissue orally gavages exocrine pancreatic enzyme(EPE) caused a significant elevation in tissue amylase activity in all treated group as compared to the control group. and significant increase in tissue amylase and decrease lipase and protease in concentration in EPE treated group as compared to the non-treated (NEPE) group. Also serum insulin concentration significant decrease and glucose showed a significant increase in EPE and NEPE groups when compared with the control group in after 20,40 and 60 day of experiment. The serum albumin showed significant decrease in all EPE groups when contrasted with the control group. And also The results illustrated that significant decrease in albumin concentration in all NEPE as compared to the control group. The Serum protein concentration was significant decrease in EPE and NEPE groups as compared to the control group in all experimental day. The results showed significant increase in serum cholesterol and triglyceride in EPE as compared to the NEPE . The results showed that PEP rats caused a significant decrease in serum high density lipoprotein (HDL)concentration as compared to the control group and significant decrease in HDL concentration in NEPE as compared to the control group. results showed that doses rats caused a significant(P<0.05) increase in serum VLDL and LDL concentration in EPE as compared to the control group and significant decrease in NEPE as compared to the control group. On conclusions, the present study confirmed that the exocrine pancreatic function are very frequently and severely altered in diabetes mellitus rats also can enhancements of some metabolic of diabetes mellitus rats when it orally gavages with replacement therapy of pancreatic exocrine enzyme

The current study was aimed to explore the effect of black currant selenium nanoparticles (BCSeNPs)on serum lipid profile and oxidant- antioxidant state markers in blood of D- galactose(D-gal) treated rats. The green synthesis of SeNPs as described earlier in our previous study was characterized by color changes; Ultraviolet- visible (UV–VIS) spectroscopy; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques; X–ray diffraction analysis (XRD); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results revealed prevalence of brick- red color of BCSeNPs characterized by spherical crystals with average particle size in the range of 18-50 nm. Thirty-two (32) adult male rats were divided randomly and equally into four experimental groups (8/group) and handles as follows for eight weeks: Control (C) group: rats in this group were treated with intra peritoneal injection (i.p) and oral intubation of normal saline. T1 group: animals in this group were subjected to i.p. of D gal a dose (150 mg/kg/day), which was dissolved in normal saline solution. T2 group: the rats were oral intubation BCSeNPs (1mg/Kg. B. W). T3 group: rats in this group were administered BCSeNPs concurrently with i.p. of D-gal in the same previous doses. Blood samples were collected from heart by cardio puncture technique at 2nd and 8th weeks of the experiment and serum samples were used for estimation of some biochemical parameters related to oxidant-antioxidant status markers: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Total antioxidant capacity (TAO-C); Serum lipid profile: concentration of total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TAG), high density lipoprotein- cholesterol(HDL-c), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-c), and very low density lipoprotein- cholesterol(VLDL-c). At the end of experiment, after animal scarifying, section from liver was taken for detection of gene expression of glutathione peroxidase. The results of here in study confirmed a case the oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in T1 group manifested by significant depression in serum TAO-C concentration and decrease in glutathione peroxidase gene expression level. While, caused elevation in serum MDA concentration and significant decrease in serum concentration of HDL-c with significant elevation in serum concentration of TAG, VLDL-C, TC, and LDL-c. At the end of experiment, BCSeNPs intubation in T2 group caused alleviation of previous mentioned parameters related to oxidative stress and lipid profile. On conclusion, the result in a current study showed that black currant selenium nanoparticle has both a preventive and a therapeutic role in D-gal toxicity in adult male rats, where BCSeNPs can be considered as antioxidant and hypolipidemic agent.

The study designed to evaluate influence of kisspeptin on polycystic ovary syndrome in female rats, First experiment (Induction of polycystic ovary): thirtieth virgin female rats divided randomly into two groups first group via used ten rats serves as control group . While the second group twenty female rat (PCOS-induce group) were orally administered with letrozole at a dose of 1 mg/kg/21 days. The Second Experiment Effect of treatments with kisspeptin on PCOS : Animals were divided as follows: first group (negative control) .Second group (Positive control) .While animals in third and fourth groups (PCOS+Kisspeptin): five animal in each group PCOS-induced rats administrated of 20 and 40 nmol/rat S/C 21 days Kisspeptin daily respectively .The result show in first experiment a significant increase in serum activity of LH, FSH, estrogen and testosterone and significant decrease progesteron concentration in serum of female rats treated with letrozole. While in the second experiment there was significant decrease in FSH in the C+ compared with C and PCOS treated group. A significant increase in the LH in C+ compared with C and treated group 20 and 40 nmol/rat Kisspeptin . Also the results showed that there was a significant decrease in serum estrogen concentration was observed in PCOS nontreated group compared with control. On other hand a significant increase in serum estrogen in T1(20 nmol/kg B.W) compared with T2(40 nmol/kg B.W). The results of the histopathological study of ovary after treatment PCOS with kisspeptin 20 nmol/kg show partial return of follicular cyst to normal ovarian tissue, but the treated with 40 nmol/kg show semicomplete treated and return follicular cyst to normal ovarian tissue. On conclusions, the present study confirmed that PCOS affect the female reproductive hormonal balance and kisspeptin 40 nmol/rat daily S/C injection show effect in normal restoring of female reproductive hormonal and histological balance of PCOS rats.

Veterinary pharmaceutical products are among the most important components of animal feed production, especially antibiotics. the main use of antibiotics in animals is to treat and prevent diseases, and to promote growth. Antibiotic use in animals can cause residues of antibiotics in foods such as meat., eggs , and milk. These residues can cause numerous side effects such as human transmission of antibiotic resistant bacteria, pathological immunological effects, allergies, parasitic mutations, nephropathy (gentamicin), hepatotoxicity, reproductive disorders, toxicity to the bone marrow (chloramphenicol), and even carcinogenic , sulfametazine and oxytetracycline. This analysis offers information important to veterinarians, livestock produces and public safety on the regulation of drug residues in animal products.