Journal of Education for Humanities

Minorities deputies (i.e. Christians, Jews) played important roles in Parliament during monarchy era through treatment or attempt to deal with problems and crises facing Iraq regarding internal events and foreign policy through their discussions and suggestions at the Parliament .
The research through the diaries of Iraq house of Parliament deals with the roles of minorities deputies in discussing internal events and foreign policy . the research is divided in to seven chapters. The first deals with the stand of minorities deputies from the political structure of Iraq governments. The second talks about party recruitment and Assyrian rise. The fourth speaks about the view of military intervention in political issues ,labor uprising . the fifth deals with the stand of minorities deputies from Iraq’s inter nations. The sixth speaks about the stand from Arabic relations. The seventh finally speaks about the stand from relations with Islamic countries.

The search sought to know the most prominent Indian popular games in the Middle Ages, and the ways of playing and their effects in the Indian societies, as it produced a set of customs and traditions that have been special for these games in practice, and to know the most important features of the general games, in terms of prevalence and practice of individuals, And to highlight the role of betting games and gambling and the consequences of betting on the lands and regions of many when playing kings among themselves in a number of Indian Games also wanted to search to show the origins of those games and ways to move to other countries.
India has been one of the countries that have experienced many waves of invasions in successive times. These invasions have borne various social traditions and customs, which have collided and interacted with the Indian heritage and thus contributed to the crystallization of new social manifestations. The result is the development of the old folk games and the emergence of new games, Indian society is one of the societies that are characterized by the vitality and activity, which interested in the exercise of different games and variety, both at the level of the public and even the upper social classes of the great people, And in the transformation of the achievement of several goals, including entertainment and social cohesion and try to retain the strength, speed and empowerment for the soldiers and army leaders.

This study uncovered the levels of poetic vision in watanun bihajm uyounina -Arruznama Annakisa- by Ahmed Bakhit and the study does not stop in the conventional concept of religious and philosophical thought, rather, it concentrates on the literaey concept of vision It started from William Blake،s concept of vision in he sees for dimensions of vision : the visual vision and the vision which depends an imagination, the third dimension depends on symbol for symbol produces fact as Blake sees while the fourth dimension represents the vision of myth and prophecy-According to the combination of thses levels we reach the creative vision and this what is sees in this poem which has multi-dimensions vision .what makes it able to reach this level is its textual area .It is built on forty stanzas. Thus, it is regarded as one of the long Arabic poems.

The present research aims to design an electronic system based hyper to equip students of the University of Mosul the skill of producing digital learning units. Achieving this goal required designing an electronic system that includes all theoretical information, applied procedures, instructions and orders for the production of digital learning units, Accordingly, the researchers formulated three hypotheses related to the cognitive and performance aspects of the skill of producing digital learning units. In order to verify the research hypotheses, a sample of (91) students is intentionally chosen from the research community, represented by the students of the College of Education for Humanities and College of Education for Pure Sciences, The researchers adopts the experimental design of one group. The sample has studied through the electronic system according to study plans developed by the researcher. To measure the dependent variable, this requires formulating two instruments. The first instrument was an achievement test consisting of (50) multiple choice items, which is specific to the cognitive aspect of the skill of producing digital learning units. The Second instrument is to measure the performance side of the skill of producing Digital learning units, which consists of (25) items, including (279) performance steps. The validity and reliability of all instruments are verified, The research experiment starts with the beginning of the first semester of the academic year (2020/2021); it began on Tuesday (5/1/2021) and lasts for (9) weeks approximately to be finished on Sunday (7/3/2021). Then, the four instruments have been applied, scored, and collects data and statistical analyzed, to show the results: There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the hypothetical mean and the mean achieved in the achievement test scores for the production of digital learning units for the research sample, and in favor of the achieved mean. There is also a statistically significant difference between the hypothetical criterion and the mean achieved in the performance test scores for the production of digital learning units for the research sample, in favor of the achieved mean as well. So The researcher came up with a number of conclusions.

{In the name of Allah Most Gracious Most Merciful}
Verses of the glorious Qur'an as well as prophetic traditions had mounted up urging consolidation of Muslim's rows and unity of their stance, on the other hand, there are multiplicity of scriptures abhorring all that might divide and scatter Muslims unity.
Everything –even if it was well accepted- would become prohibited if it causes dispersing of the Islamic nation. If we take recitation of the Glorious Qur'an – Which is the focus of this study- as an example to substantiate our view point, this recitation would become prohibited if it became a point of controversy between Muslims due to their different interpretation of its words. Moreover those who are reading the Qur'an would be ordered to stop to put an end to the dispute. Jundab narrated that the Prophet (pbuh) said: " Recite the Qur'an as long as your hearts are drawn towards it. When you feel drawn away from it, then stop reciting and get up".
This prophetic tradition takes our souls to the ultimate statuses of meditation, it is a unique mark of the leadership of this nation and a delicate lesson in the concept of how to deal with the jurisprudence of reality. According to what was mentioned earlier I made a decision to tackle this noble scripture and to study the different possible aspects of its interpretation, I entitled this research:
The Prophetic Guidance for Affiliation via Recitation of the Glorious Qur'an
I demonstrated different narratives of this tradition in addition to interpretations of its meanings, and I also focused on those who are in dispute about reading the Qur'an and their position accordingly. I also showed the assertion of our honorable ancestors (Salaf) of preferring the agreement of Muslims and their unity to their controversy, even if this means to give up reading the Qur'an. I substantiated all what was said with other prophetic traditions with the same attitude, dividing this research into three sections and seven subsections and finally concluding it with an abstract that enlists the most important points throughout the papers of this study.

In this brief study a study was carried out on what Sheikh Khalid Al-Azhari (D. 905 A.H.) mentioned, in terms of guidance for the Qur’anic readings in which the present verbs were read by the movement of the raising. Abnormalities
After that, we will quote what Sheikh Khaled Al-Azhari mentioned in terms of directing the witness's place, as it was sometimes expanded in the witness's interpretation, and sometimes it was limited to one aspect and this is discussed and other directions are mentioned from the books of protest and the meanings of the Qur’an. As the readings he mentioned varied in various kinds, and their ranks were seven, decimal, above decimal, and odd.
The chapters to which the Qur’anic readings belong were varied, as they came after (even, and that) the two are among the tools of the accusative, and in the answer of the condition tool (wherever), and between the conditional instrument (who reciters) and its answer (when) there are six of them preceded by the letter of affection. The audience is read by the accusative and two are read with silence. These readings came in six different places.

The research entitled (The rhetorical ameliorators in the letters of Ibn Zaidoun) dealt with this phenomenon that deserves to be studied and understood. Researchers have devoted themselves to studying it, and it has not received an independent study except for the transient references in studies which were done on the literature of Ibn Zaydun. Hence, this study came to know the role of the rhetorical ameliorators in the letters of Ibn Zaidoun, as the rhetorical ameliorators contributed in decorating the letters of Ibn Zaydun and emphasized their meanings and increased their elegance and beauty. Ibn Zaidoun was interested in expressions and their decoration, as well as with sentences and phrases. The creative means are considered one of the most important means that the writer relied on to formulate his messages in a beautiful and influential manner.
To this end, we have shown the most important rhetorical ameliorators, including: (assonance, duplication, balancing, alliteration, counterpoint, the corresponding), as these ameliorators contribute to build his messages in terms of form and content.

This paper aims to shed light on Nizar Qabbani's poetry in Algerian criticism (historical criticism As it is known that Nizar Qabbani is a contemporary poet who has raised a lot of controversy in the literary and critical arena. This research came as an investigation of these studies of letters and narrations, and the way they dealt with the poetry of Nizar Qabbani through the mechanisms of the historical method and its foundations approved by his critics in dealing with texts or literary phenomena.

This study aims at knowing the effect of SWOM strategy on the acquisition of historical concepts for literary fourth year pupils and the development of their scientific recognition .In order to achieve this aim the researcher conducts four null hypotheses and follow experimental design . The sample of the study consists of 64 pupils .This sample has been divided into two random groups : experimental group consists of 32 pupils and the control group consists of 32 pupils. The researcher conducted a test for the acquisition of historical concepts .The test validity and reliability have been computed. The researcher conducted a scale of scientific recognition. the validity and reliability have been computed. The experiment extends to seven weeks. The statistical means have been used to achieve sone results there is statistical significant difference at between the mean score of experimental group and the control group in testing the acquisition of historical concepts in favor of experimental group . there is statistical significant difference between the mean score of experimental group and the control group in the scale of post scientific recognition in favor of experimental group . there is statistical significant difference between the mean difference of pupils' score of experimental group in the scale of pre and post scientific recognition that means there is development in scientific recognition for experimental group pupils in post test .

This study deals with the dry and wet season analysis in the north of the (35) degree circle in Iraq using the standard rainfall index (SPI) standard, and nine climatic stations distributed over the study area were selected geographically.
Data uploaded from http: // global weather data for swat.tamu. edu for a period of up to (35) seasons from (1997-2014).
The study found that the general trend of drought has taken a decreasing trend during the rainy season of the school year (1997-2014). The wet season was 54% for all stations in the study area. The duration of the study was divided into two climatic periods, (1979-1997). The general trend of humidity has been increasing for all stations in the study area, with wet seasons (86%) and dry season (14%). During the second climatic period (1998-2014), the general trend of drought was increased during the rainy season, with 78% of dry season seasons and 22% of wet seasons.
Keyword: dry seasons, wet seasons, standard rainfall index (SPI), north of Iraq.

Religious beliefs in India are the basis of all social systems, including the caste system. Social systems are, in fact, religious-philosophical systems, as there is closely related to religion and philosophy, so philosophy is religion, and religion is philosophy. The Hindu citizen believes that the teachings of religion dominate all aspects of his life and work. All these works are religious works. From this belief, the Vedas occupied a great place in the life of Hindus of all walks of life, and it was the one who organized and continued all aspects of life there, including the class system of society.

The research aimed to prepare a measurement of cognitive interference, and then measure the level of cognitive interference among students of the University of Mosul, and to identify the differences in the level of cognitive interference according to the variables, the specialization (scientific, humanities), gender (males - females), and the study stage (the second and fourth), and a random sample of (600) was chosen Male and female students from the University of Mosul distributed over (24) colleges. The researcher also prepared the cognitive interference scale, and the apparent validity of the scale’s paragraphs was verified by presenting them to a group of experts. The validity of the scale was calculated as it indecated (0.84) and its stability (0.81) after processing The data using statistical means (the T. test for two independent samples, and T. test for one sample). The results showed that the students have the suitable level of searching sample of cognitive interference and that there were statistically significant differences within the specialization variable (scientific, humanities) in favor of the human specialization and the absence of statistically significant differences within the gender variable ( males, females) and the study stage (second - fourth). In light of the results, the study came out with a set of recommendations and suggestions:
1- Attention to the techniques adopted in university teaching in order to maintain the level of competence Care students.
2- Educating students about good study strategies.
3- Conducting a similar study on cognitive interference and its relationship to other variables among secondary school students.
4- Conducting a study on cognitive interference and its relationship to personality traits among Mosul University students.

The event is one of the most important components of the narrative structure. When we lack a story, it must have an event, or a group of events that contribute to pushing the narrative forward, so the event is an essential part of building any story or narration. Its existence is mainly related to the personality, as it is the source of the event, and rarely is an event devoid of the action of a personality. As the event is linked to the elements of time and place, the event must take place at a specific time and place, so the event is the backbone of the overall narrative elements. Hence the aim of this study, which seeks to study the event in women's poetry in the Abbasid era and to identify the patterns of its construction in their poetry.

This study focuses on researching the types of US power used in Iraq, because Iraq occupies great importance in US strategies due to its possession of many natural resources, especially oil and natural gas, in addition to a distinct geographical location located in the heart of the world and the Middle East.
The main problem raised by the study is the question whether the United States of America used many types of American power that have been used with it since (1990-2008). The study assumed that there are many types of American power, and the researcher relied on the method of analysis of power.
The researcher divided his study into three sections as follows:
1- Direct Military Force: (American intervention due to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait) during the reign of George Bush Senior (1990-1993).
2- Economic Power: (the policy of double containment) in the era of Bill Clinton (1990-2001).
3- Military Force (Preventive War) during the era of George W. Bush (2001-2008).

In this research work will be done to treat the love passion in the dualism of Muhammad al-Gharbi Amran (yaael and mamlakat aljawary) through the logical feelings and delineation sentiment that bring by Greemas and Fountiny, after Gremas premeditate to ignore the emotional psychological side of the characters in the novels and focused on the work done and the steps but through the logic of the feelings that categorise to six signs can be notice that the love feelings can not be understand without the other six sign of feelings that make it more logic and have it is excuse. And this treat deal with the effort of love to show its power on the character or the plot of the novel.

Dr. Faisal Al-Nuaimi is one of the Iraqi critical names interested in literary criticism, especially the modern narrative field, and he has published a number of distinguished books in this field, which are as follows: (The Sign and the Novel), (The Aesthetics of Fictional Structure in Ghada Al-Samman), (The Poetry of Spoken) The sensitivity of the narrative text, (The narratives of experimentation, a reading in the imaginative of the new Arabic novel). Since Al-Nuaimi’s inception, which was distinguished by its intellectual depth and mastery of the methodological tools that he used, he sought to establish a critical project in the narrative field alone.
Our critical approach included the book (Narratives of Experimentation), in which the critic identified the characteristics of the scientific method that he seeks to employ in order to approach the world of narratives that he has chosen as his field of study, as he has researched the components of the structural discourse that form these narratives.
The research endeavored to study the critical concepts that Al-Nuaimi possesses by identifying the basic formula repeated in his criticism. Our study was based on three axes, the first dealt with the modern Arab narration, the second: the oppositional dualities, and the third dealt with the study of cultural references.

The research aims to collect the rest of the poetry of the poet al-Musaysi and document the most important stages he went through and reveal the most important topics of his poems، and the research goes on the two approaches: description and analysis، as the researchers describe a brief about the worship state and its most important flags and the tasks of events، and the most important stations and topics of the poet Poetics، and perhaps the synopsis is easy، as we were hardly able to stand on the most prominent stations of his life and poetry due to the scarcity of the sources that I mentioned، then we stand on what was mentioned of his poetry by collecting and analyzing while showing the musical melodies to know the extent of their relevance to those topics.
The two researchers stopped on Al-Musaysi's poems with explanation and analysis، showing the strangeness in them، highlighting the creative aspects، and not forgetting the hidden internal music that stems from the good selection of words، their coordination، the interdependence of meanings، and the beauty of photography.

The search for the dominance of fantasy synthesis in the storytelling group Qais Omar (leprosy) was revealed when he shared the realistic fantasy in drawing the shear space, which is certainly a bias to magical realism, and the balance between them is worthy of forming magical codes, generating charming pictorial rhythms, and we feel surprisingly furnished.
This approach sought to communicate with the methodology that gives it the right to deal with cash in this field or that, and on this basis were examined the stories of the group , in the fantasy synthesis .

The poetry of Al-Sarraj shows the aesthetic structural levels that the poet distinguished in his presentation of spin and lineage, and his style emerged clearly across those levels and includes the research plan of a preface dedicated to the poet's biography and his description of his book and four studies, the first for the formal formation, the second for the linguistic formation, the third for the morphological formation and the fourth for the phonemic formation.
The sensual and graphic images reflected the psychological worlds of the poet. He also employed some morphological formulas to show the beauty of the beloved and the hardship of the lover, as the poet more than the methods of request, formulas of the increase, the past verb and the matter to broadcast worries and complain about the singing of conscience.
The diversity of the fixed and variable rhythmic formation and occupied a full position and the light rhythmic structure to accommodate the various emotions and the rhyme of Mem, Lam, Kaf, and Raa took the forefront of its strength and loudness, while the Fatha movement topped the verses of Al-Sarraj for the multiplicity of past verbs, effects, adverbs, and manner of kindness. The poet also decorated the changing rhythm with contrast, alliteration and repetition.
As for the poet's style, it is traditional, emulating that of Omar bin Abi Rabi'a and Abu Nawas. His style was characterized by honesty, clarity, simplicity, and the choice of balanced weights and rhymes

The study dealt with the say of Imam Ibn Hajar al-Haytami (died in 974 AH) about the explanation of the twenty-fourth verse of Surat Yusuf and comparing it with the says of his predecessors among the Explainers of Quran. Important in the infallibility of the prophets about every deficiency, whether before or after the prophecy, rejecting and refuting all narrations that offend the position of Prophet Yusuf -peace be upon him-, and the statements of some commentators who reject these offensive narratives were also included, and the research was concluded with evidence that supports what Al-Haytami and some commentators said, and denies all the deficiencies of the position of the Prophet of God -peace be upon him-.

Importance context in coming adjective predicate in the Holy Quran, we talk about its importance in society and its effective role in raising the level of civilization among people. We are not talking about a secondary or subsidiary issue in Islam, but rather we are talking about a fundamental issue which is one of the basics of this religion. Internal and external peace are among the axioms of the establishment of any system in any nation, hence the importance of our research tagged (Importance context in coming adjective predicate in the Holy Quran), to write in order to pave the way and matter .

This research deals with the study of the vague language, a concept related to general and indeterminacy that has been proven to be one of the requirements for successful communication, and not a flaw in it, and that is with some linguistic tools such as approximately preceding numbers such as: (about twenty) As well as Vague words; Which appear in and of themselves vague on the whole; Such as (something), Vague implication; Example: (between, 30-40)
There is more than one pragmatics approach to the study of vagueness , from which I chose Grace's theory of conversation implicature to apply pragmatics solutions to the phenomenon, because vagueness language does not exist without there is a violation of one or more of Grace's principles.

The addition of conceit with the data of the proverb as a way to better show the intended meanings, in addition to the fact that the presentation (proverb) of the issues raised by embodying or diagnosing the situation because it is a means of presenting these intellectual and technical data of the proverb is added by the fact that conceit lies in the realization of thought and the accuracy of inference in linking certain relationships It would have come to mind their resemblance, as well as achieving the transition of the ambiguous meaning to the clear in a lively and eloquent image that affects the souls, which enables the confirmation of the meaning and its determination with evidence and proof; In order for the text to gain its effectiveness and artistic beauty in order to influence the recipient by convincing the justified idea and enjoying the imagined image.
The conceit was mentioned in the likes of the Noble Prophet (salaa allah ealayh wasalam) in the context of the unfixed description of the familiar acquired manifestations by multiplying the intelligible with the sensible in the form of the consolidation of the justified idea, and the proximity of the meaning to the understanding of the recipients.

The study of states’ reactions and international positions has attracted the attention of most academics and researchers in history, in addition to the interest in these studies by official institutions because of their connection to international political events, and clarification of a number of secrets and facts of states in their relations, positions and foreign policy towards important international events and issues, through which states place its policies and positions according to its interests.
The United Arab Emirates occupied an important position in the Arab Gulf and at the Arab and international levels, and the foreign policy of the Emirates has received the approval and satisfaction of most analysts and political observers. This is due to the wisdom of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, his avoidance of excitement and the involvement of the Emirates in foreign problems, and his resort to calm dialogue and to regional and international organizations such as the League of Arab States and the United Nations, and this is what we have seen from his positions in research towards Iraq issues sheikh zayedes positions wereconsidered the official position of the states and this is what we relied on in the research.
The aim of this study is to clarify the nature of the UAE's foreign policy and its attitudes towards Iraq issues in light of the changes, political crises and wars in the region, such as the Iraqi-Iranian war of 1980-1988, and the crisis of the second war and the Iraq's invasion of Kuwait 1990-1991 by the international coalition led by the United States of America.
 

This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of suicide, which is considered one of the
social phenomena that have taken a lot of space and wide interest by specialists in sociology, psychology, law and religion, because suicide is an aggressive behavior that inflicts serious damage on the social body, so hardly a day is devoid of suicide accidents in the world for different groups of classes The whole society and in a variety of ways. The issue of suicide raises a social and religious sensitivity that may amount to the reluctance of some countries to publish accurate details about the number of suicides, and in recent times.
Suicide incidents increased in an unprecedented manner due to the Corona pandemic sweeping the world that disrupted the global economy and imposed internal and external isolation on the world’s population, which made the spread of the phenomenon of suicide more than it used to be and became another reason added to the causes of suicide in the world, according to official statistics issued by international and international organizations and bodies It has been shown through this research that psychological and diseases and the series of psychological and social frustrations that individuals face and their inability to pursue the characteristics of the age are among the most motivating motivations for suicide.

The attributive function of the adjective word class is one of the most significant and major functions among all. Through their position before the head of the NP, attributive adjectives contribute significantly to the clarification and specification of the noun they modify. So, this research addresses the following questions: are attributive adjectives frequent in Hemingway’s works or not? Are they stacked in the prehead position or not? Is there any non-canonical ordering of the stacked adjectives or not? This research aims at investigating the use of attributive adjectives in two selected novels of Hemingway’s. It tries to analyze the use of these adjectives in terms of their frequency of occurrence and their ordering in the NP. This will be of pedagogical advantage to the teaching of these adjectives. To achieve the aims of the research, it is hypothesized that attributive adjectives are frequent in the two novels under investigation and that Hemingway uses consecutive attributive adjectives in the NP which mostly follow the canonical order. The mixed research methodology is followed and the data collected from two novels, namely, The Sun Also Rises and The Old Man and the Sea are analyzed following Biber, et al.’s model (1999) and Quirk, et al.’s model (1985). The findings reveal that attributive adjectives are frequent in Hemingway’s works. However, he seemed to be rather restricted in his use of the consecutive adjectives in the prehead position. Additionally, most of the consecutive adjectives follow the canonical ordering proposed by Quirk, et al.’s (1985) model.