Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science

Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) is one of the most dangerous pollutants in the air. Most of the gas is emitted from industrial sources, mainly steam power plants, which account for more than 50% of it. Its consider toxic gas that cause irritating respiratory effects in this study the effect of air pollution around Durra refinery and its neighborhood. Where adopted in the study. the data of gaseous pollutants in the air (sulfur dioxide) were analyzed in the area south of Baghdad at
January month that is have high frequent of stability condition . The data provided by the Ministry of Oil / Baghdad for 2017. In addition, the effect of air stability classes on the quantities of this pollutant. The results of the study showed that the in atmospheric stability class (F) concentrations of sulfur oxides is (54442mg/m 3 ) at distance 100m and (5127 mg/m 3 ) at distance 10000m were the highest in the region. Overall results show that the concentration rates reached relatively high values during the stable and very stable atmospheric stability and that the values for the month of January for sulfur dioxide were found to be high and are inversely proportional to the speed of the wind.

The study was conducted to study the virulence gene (Flagellin gene) of Salmonella typhi. Stool samples were collected from adults patients, their age ranging from (15 – 60 ) years of the both sexes who suffering from diarrhea and visited AL- Yrmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad Governorate for the period between March to September 2017. The samples were transferred in cold boxes to the laboratory. In order to confirm the diagnosis, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was tested to diagnose the Flagellin gene responsible for the virulence of the bacteria. We conclude from the present study that flagellin gene in S. typhi is responsible for pathogenicity in this bacteria.

Anemia has a serious consequences effects on child growth, development, and survival. Analytical, cross-sectional, non-probability co nvenient study done with sampling of 240 children aged less than five years (6-60 months) which was conducted in five primary health care centers in Al-Resafa sector and two pediatric hospitals in Baghdad city (Central child hospital and Ibn Al-Baldi hospital). The study started from 1st March till 31 of August 2017. The data was collected by direct interview with parent using special questionnaire to obtain information. The results of the study revealed that the age of child is known to be a important and a significant factor associated with anemia 38.3% of the anemic child were at 13-24 months age, 56.3% were male, 60.9% mother age were ≥ 20, 35.8% of mother had primary degree of education, 77.5% of them were unemployed, 68.7% had anemia during pregnancy, 45.8% of family income of anemic child were intermediate, 64.2% of family drinking untreated water, 59.6% had pad sewage system, 73.7% of them sometime eating meat and egg. The study showed no significant differences between anemia in children and anthropometric measures. Other results showed that 69.5% of child had continuous breast feeding, 81.7% had no history of cow milk consumption, 40.8% given complementary feeding at age of > 4 months, 74.2% had no history of consumption of fortified milk. Regarding causes of anemia iron deficiency was the major causes in 67.9% of child under five years age.

This Study was done form the period October 2016 Until June 2017 In the central laboratory of a hospital belonging to Diyala Health governorate, to isolate and diagnoses Streptococcus mutans bacteria form dental caries infection , their ability in biofilm formation, and the detection of the sensitive antibiotic isolates the inhibitory effect of plant extracts for Green tea and Capsicum annuum on the growth of the bacteria.The results showed that 68 Isolates belonged to Oral Streptococci from 150 samples taken from dental caries infection, 20 isolates (13.3%) of S. mutans bacteria were obtained .the ability of isolate to format of biofilms by (80%), The isolates varied in their sensitivity to antibiotic, Where the percentages of sensitivity for Tetracycline (70), Erythromycin (%65), Streptomycin (% 60), Ciprofloxacin (50)% , While whereas resistance to antibiotics Amoxicillin , Ampicillin, Cefepime, Optochin (100%).the Value of Minimum Inhibition Concretion (MIC) of Tetracycline ranging from (256-1024) micrograms \ ml ,While For antibiotic Erythromycin ranged from (64-1024 ) micrograms \ ml. The highest inhibitory effect of chili pepper and Green tea extracts was (30 and 27) mm respective , So we conclude that the extracts for the chili pepper, green tea have inhibitory ability than more those antibiotics against S.mutansBacteria .This refers to the possibility of benefiting from those extracts in the manufacture of an alternative treatment, for the purpose of minimizing the risks of resistance of bacterial as well as redactor side effects that can result from the use of such antibiotics, in addition, advantages are easy to get and cheaply priced.

Three simple, sensitive, selective, accurate and efficient spectrophotometric methods for determining cefixime in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations have described. The first method involved conversion of NH 2 in cefixime to diazonium salt, which has coupled with Bisphenol A in an alkaline medium. The orange colored product showed λ max at 490 nm and followed Beer's law over a concentration range of 1-50 μg mL -1 , with molar absorptivity of 0.866×10 4 L.mol -1 .cm -1 and the detection limit was 0.157 μg.mL -1 . The second method involved pre-concentration of a trace
amount of cefixime-azo dyes using cloud point extraction (CPE). The extracted drug-dye was spectrophotometrically measured at λ max 500. The constructed calibration curve to determine cefixime followed Beer’s law in a range of 0.25-6 μg.mL -1 , with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998, molar absorptivity of 0.961×10 5 L.mol -1 .cm -1 and
the detection limit was equal to 0.031 μg.mL -1 . The pre-concentration factor was 25 and distribution coefficient (D) was 314.03. A diazotization of the studied drug (cefixime) and its coupling with Bisphenol A was studied using a developed flow injection analysis method, based on the detection of the absorption of the diazotization product. Chemical and physical properties [of what??] were studied to develop the suggested method and to determine the stability of the colored of product. A flow rate of 2.5 mL.min -1 , 50 cm reaction coil and 100 μL sample volume were used to operate the system and the orange colored product was detected at 490 nm. The proposed three methods were successfully applied to determine cefixime in pharmaceutical formulation, where results were satisfactory.

The aim of this research is separation and determination of trace Tetracycline residues in Poultry chest, thigh and liver using High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Diode Array Detector (HPLC-DAD), with a mobile phase mixture consisting of acetonitrile: methanol: oxalic acid (0.01M) (25:15:60) and chromatographic column C8. The study was done on 32 live poultry individuals. All individuals were injected in the chest by 1m of Tetracycline standard solutions, then slaughter for analysis throughout four successive days. The injection with 10×103 ppb of Tetracycline showed that the traces of Tetracycline residues (according to the Codex Alimentarius Commission) exceeded the value of the maximum residue limit (MRL = 200 ppb) in the thigh and chest meat at the 1st day and the 1st & 2nd days of slay respectively, and exceeded the value of (MRL = 600 ppb) in the liver at the 3rd and 4th days of slay. limit of detection was LOD = 0.451 ppb, limit of quantification LOQ = 1.502 ppb, and recovery percentages of Tetracycline at a concentration of 200.0 ppb for 20 sample Rec.% = (88.966 - 91.055%), (84.623 - 87.667%), (82.198 - 83.688%) for Poultry chest, thigh and liver respectively with a percentage relative standard deviations (RSD%) of < 1 %.

A new simple, rapid, inexpensive and nontoxic spectrophotometric method for the determination of Ceftazidime in the pure and local market formulation was proposed. The method is based on the coupling reaction between the diazotized drug and 4-tert-butylphenol (4-TBP) to produce a colored compound with a (λ max 500 nm). The optimal conditions for the factors affecting the formation of this compound were studied. Beer's law was obeyed and a
linear calibration curve was obtained over the range of (1–10 μg/mL) with a correlation coefficient (r=0.9890), molar absorptivity (ε=6.62710 3 L/mol.cm), the limit of detection 0.314 μg/mL, and the limit of quantification LOQ 1.047 μg/mL. the accuracy and precision of the method were checked and the method was applied successfully for the determination of Ceftazidime in commercial preparation and the values of recovery percent and RSD% ranged
between (93.11 - 102.20%) and (0.48 - 9.54%) respectively.

In this work, measurements of indoor radon concentrations were completed for selected dwellings in Baghdad governorate using DURRIDGE RAD7 detector. The spectra measured by this detector demonstrated that, the radon concentrations were changed from 89 Bq/m 3 (Hay Ur district) to 191 Bq/m 3 (Al-Mansour district) with an average value of 123.3±24.3 Bq/m 3 which is below the recommended range (200-300 Bq/m 3 ) given by (ICRP, 2009). All
other studied parameters such as EP, PAEC, AED and CPPP their values were less than or corresponding to the allowed worldwide average values.

The purpose of this paper is to study the hyperfactored of the complex reflection arrangement A(G 25 ). Depending on the lattice of arrangement A(G 25 ), the basis of A(G 25 ) has been found and then partitioned. Also, showed that A(G 25 ) is not hyperfactored and is not inductively factored.

Magic squares is n×n matrix with positive integer entries as well as the sum of rows, columns and mains diagonal have the same magic constant, one of the most oldest magic square was discovered in china. In this paper the history of magic square is displayed and some definition of its kind is given the prove of two theorems about properties of magic square is introduced.

In this work, we are concerned with how to find a solution for the nonlinear integral andintegro-differential equations using two methods Laplace transform series decomposition method (LTSDM) and Sumudutransform series decompositionmethod (STSDM). In these methods,the nonlinear part of the equation described in Adomian decomposition series. The Laplace and Sumudu methods are found to be reliable and accurate. Four examples are discussed to check the applicability and the simplicity of these methods. Finally, the results are tabulated and displayed graphically to make comparisons between the approximate and exact solutions