Turath AL-Hillah

This research dealt with strengthening the meaning with the style of limitation in the poetry of Hassan bin Musabah Al-Hilli. It aims to study the style of limitation in detail, know its patterns, and shed light on the poetic verses that include the style of limitation and specifying the places of limitation in them. The research also aims to analyze some of the verses of the limitation style. The study of my research included all the limitation methods that the poet used, except limitation with the disjunctive pronoun, which did not appear in his poetry. Among these methods he used limitation in the negative and exception, limitation in the way of but, and limitation in the conjunction (no, Rather), limitation it with the definite article (al), and finally limitation it by presenting what is caused by delay.

This is a research I called (Reading the text and the elements of artistic creativity in the poetry of Hassan Musabah Al-Hilli, his poem in lament for Muhammad Saleh Al-Falluji as an example) after my distinguished professor, Dr. Ali Al-Araji, offered me a study of the poetry of this exceptional poet, and he brought me his collection of two parts, edited by Professor Dr. Mudar Sulaiman Al-Hilli, So Allah rewarded him on my behalf and on behalf of the Arabic language with the best reward and fulfilled his death. I ask Allah to grant him continued success and well-being. He is close and responsive.
The research is based on a methodological idea, which is to interrogate the text, explore its internal structures, and identify the elements of creativity in it to extract its overall meanings. The research attempts to achieve the aforementioned purpose by accessing the poet’s text from three angles in which we approach it in terms of linguistic structure, stylistic structure, and artistic structure in a poem that I consider to be from The most beautiful thing said in lamentation poetry
The one who looks at the poetry of the poet (Hassan Musabah Al-Hilli) stands in bewilderment before the accuracy of the words, the splendor of the weave, and the beauty of the style, in addition to the poet’s preference for simple compositions that are easy to understand over the intelligible, far from monotony and boredom, and that express the meaning in the most accurate and magnificent way.
The poet possessed the mastery of the language and possessed the competence of creativity, which enabled him to convey the meaning in a smooth, flowing manner that emanated from every stranger. The eloquence of the saying is that his poetry penetrates the heart easily to shake the emotions and make the recipient sympathize with the situation with complete ease.
Finally, I hope that by doing this and by continuing it in the other study - which will see the light soon, Allah willing - I have contributed to revealing an aspect of the aesthetics of poetry in the inimitable poet Hassan Musabeh Al-Hilli (may Allah have mercy on him), which has not received in-depth studies so far despite it being a heritage. Rich deserves more than study and analysis.
Allah bless

تناول هذا البحث دلالات الخبر في موشَّحات السيِّد حيدر الحِلِّيّ، فورد الخبر بحالاته المختلفة في الكلام العربيّ التي قعَّدها النحويُّون بعد ذلك، وحصروها إحصاءً وتقسيمًا، فجاء الخبر مفردًا، وهذا الأصل فيه، وورد بنوعيه الخبر المفرد المعرفة، والخبر المفرد النكرة، بحسب تنوُّع مقاصد الشاعر التي توخَّاها لما أراده من التفنُّن في جمال القصيدة وإثراء محتواها، وكذلك ورد الخبر جملة اسميَّة في موارد اقتضاها المقام والمقال، وجاء الخبر جملة فعليَّة لدلالات أرادها الشاعر، لا تؤدِّيها إلَّا الجملة الفعليَّة، وورد الخبر في هذه الموشَّحة شبه جملة، فجاء مرَّة ظرفًا، وجاء أخرى جارًّا ومجرورًا، وتنوَّعت استعمالات الشاعر للخبر بحسب ما أتاحته إمكانيَّات اللغة، فقدَّم الخبر وجوبًا في أبيات، وقدَّمه بحالات الجواز في أبيات أخرى، وحذف الخبر في موارد كان الحذف فيها أبلغ في الدلالة وأوقع في المعنى، كما هو معروف من بلاغة الحذف في اللغة العربيَّة، حين ينساق المعنى إلى ذهن السامع من دون إشكال أو لَبس.

A study of linguistic criticism may require a researcher specialized in linguistics and familiar with most of the linguistic productions of the ancients and moderns. For the sake of accuracy in stating the meaning and usage, it is more important if the research is interested in showing the effort of a man who worked hard to pay attention to language issues, especially the aspect of linguistic criticism and correction, so the research came to translate all of this by observing a group of linguistic approaches in order to highlight the effort of Ibn Idris Al-Hilli in this field. Here we would like to clarify that we have not mentioned the biography of Ibn Idris.
Keywords: Criticism, Ibn Idris, (Al-Saraeir), linguistic correction, ancients, moderns.

This study is to correct some proverbs in the book ((Nizhat Al-Anfous and Rawdat Al-Majlis) by (Abu Saeed Muhammad bin Ali bin Abdullah Al-Iraqi Al-Hilli (D. 561 AH), who is one of the books of Arabic proverbs. It comes within the framework of the researcher’s interest in this study, which is considered a study. The structure and semantics of classical proverbs and colloquial proverbs, and aims to determine the extent of the difference between classical proverbs and colloquial proverbs and the topics dealt with by people of the environment in which the proverbs were spoken and broadcast. The proverb is a fertile source for those who want to understand the Arab personality and its innate doctrine of thinking and in dealing with life matters in general with wisdom and deliberation. Proverbs reflect an important aspect of the life of nations, and therefore monitoring the semantic characteristics of proverbs is merely monitoring the characteristics of the people in whom the proverb became popular and widespread, and monitoring their language, and its close connection to the Arabic language. When corruption and distortion spread in the Arabic language, part of it affected proverbs, which called on scholars to address this and stop this sweeping trend by relying on linguistic correction of everything that error has seeped into with structure, stylistic composition, or connotation, or to correct the incident in which the proverb was said, by writing specialized works. On this side The authors of proverbs books also had a prominent impact in combating this phenomenon, including Abu Saeed al-Iraqi in his work, as he treated some proverbs linguistically or because of the incident in which they were said. This study was divided into an introduction in which the importance of the proverb and Abu Saeed al-Iraqi’s attention to it was explained, and two sections, the first of which dealt with the extent of correction in language and terminology, and after that came the correction at the verbal level, which included the phonetic, verbal, formative, form, and meaning levels. The second section came to address the issue of correction of the incident that The proverb was told, and the study ended with a conclusion that included some important results, including:
• Abu Saeed Al-Iraqi’s attention to aspects of linguistic correction and his role in correcting what was reported by the public.
• Abu Saeed Al-Iraqi’s attention to some phonetic phenomena and some important issues, some of which were recently called transformational rules that deal with the verbal aspect.
Keywords: Classical and colloquial proverbs, semantic characteristics, linguistic correction and incident correction

Hillah School, especially at the beginning of the seventh century A.H until the end of the eighth century A.H, and with its various intellectual trends, represented a prominent shift in the path of Islamic thought in general, and the Imami school of thought in particular. This was due to the emergence of a large number of scholars in this school, including: Hibat Allah bin Nama Al-Hilli (who lived in 565 AH/1170 AD), Muhammad bin Idris Al-Hilli (D. 598 AH/1193 AD), Yahya bin Al-Batriq Al-Hilli (D. 600 AH/1203 AD), Sayyid Radhi Al-Din Ali bin Tawoos (D. 664 A.H/1265 AD) and Muhaqqiq Al-Hilli (D. 776 AH/1277 AD) And others, and the qualitative transfer they made at the level of doctrinal and theological studies of the Imami school of thought played a major role in making this school have its clear features and characteristics that made it different from other schools, and it can be said that the role played by Al-Allama Al-Hilli (D. 726 AH / 1325 AD) and his son Fakhr al-Muhaqqiqin
(D. 771 AH/1369 AD) had the greatest impact in consolidating the dimensions and identity of this school This is because the impact of Al-Allama Al-Hilli is not only represented by his leadership of the Shiite religious authority in his time, but rather his doctrinal orientations, and the methodological transformation he brought about in the study of the doctrines and principles of the Imami Shiites, made him constitute a phenomenon with its own orientations, and a movement with its followers and supporters, and those who after him continued the process of establishing and consolidating the principles. The foundations upon which Al-Allama Al-Hilli laid down his fundamentalist, jurisprudential, and ideological system, and among the most important people who had a role in preserving and enriching the intellectual and doctrinal heritage of the Hilla School, represented by the contributions of Al-Allama Al-Hilli, is his son, Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Hilli, nicknamed (Fakhr Al-Muhaqqiqin).

The city of Hilla was distinguished by the emergence of many families that left clear traces in the history of Iraq, including the Tabatabai family. They were given this name when Ismail gave his son Ibrahim the choice to buy him a dress or a cloak, so he said Tabatabai instead of clogs because of a lisp in his tongue. They became famous for this name.
The men of that family had a distinguished social and academic standing that qualified them to hold administrative positions, especially during the Mongol Ilkhanid era in Iraq (656-738 AH/1258-1337 AD).

يُعنى هذا البحث بدراسة قلعة الخلفة الكائنة في محافظة بابل، قضاء المدحتيَّة، وهي من القلاع التراثيَّة التي بُنيت في بدايات القرن العشرين المنصرم،
وما زال زمن بنائها محلّ نقاش، وسوف نحاول مناقشة هذا الأمر؛ لأنَّ هذا البحث يسلِّط الضوء على هذه القلعة وجميع تفاصيلها التاريخيَّة، وطرزها المعماريَّة، المواد البنائيَّة التي شُيِّدت بها، والوسائل الدفاعيَّة والحربيَّة التي زُوِّدت بها القلعة؛ لغرض تحقيق الهدف الرئيس، وهو إيجاد توازن سياسيً وعسكريّ في المنطقة؛ لأنَّها من المناطق المأهولة والمزدحمة بالسكن العشائريّ، والتي دائمًا ما كانت تشهد الكثير من الحروب والنزاعات، وفضلًا عن الجانب التاريخيّ، فإنَّنا قمنا بدراسة القلعة دراسة آثاريَّة ميدانيَّة؛ بالمسح الأثريّ وتقنيَّاته وأدواته، وكذلك قمنا بعمل مقارنات لهذه القلعة مع مثيلاتها من القلاع المجاورة لها.
الكلمات المفتاحيَّة: البو سلطان، المدحتيَّة، عمارة القلاع، العناصر الدفاعيَّة والحربيَّة.

Historical studies focused on the city of Hilla and its various eras, and its modern eras, especially the eighteenth century, were among these interests, as the Ottomans imposed their control over Hilla for the first time, after it was considered a sanjak among the sanjaks of the Baghdad state. This is in accordance with the administrative arrangements created by the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman Kanuni after his entry into Baghdad without any significant resistance. The Ottomans attached great importance to the Sanjak of Hilla because it was the closest sanjak to the center of the state in Baghdad. Thus, he relied on it to secure resources for many groups of Ottomans, including soldiers and others, in addition to preparing what they needed in their expansionist movements towards other regions of Iraq. Thus, Hilla gained this importance through a group of factors, including economic, religious, or political factors.
 

This research studies the economic life of Al-Hillah city during the period between the end of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century when Hillah was distinguished by the elements of local economic growth. It is because of this fact that Hillah enjoyed a significant economic status and was regarded as one of the most important Iraqi economic resources.
Additionally, this study tackles the important economic joints of this city starting with agriculture and its plenteous and colorful production which exceeded the local need and thus was exported to other cities despite the primitive tools of agriculture and the inattention of the government with respect to developing that important sector.
The study sheds some light on the distinctive geographical location of the city of Hillah which makes it a juncture connecting all the neighbouring cities, the matter which contributed in developing different prosperous trade businesses. Finally, the study elucidates the simple local products that were peculiar to Hillah then explains the taxation of the Ottoman Empire and the British authorities on different economic sectors in Hillah.

This research studied the Qur’anic evidence on the imamate of the Commander of the Faithful Ali (peace be upon him) in the book Kashf al-Yaqin fi the Virtues of the Commander of the Faithful by Allama al-Hilli (D. 726 AH), as he explained the term imamate and its importance, and clarified its conditions and the characteristics that the imam must be characterized by, his features, and his greatness. The task entrusted to the Imam. Allah Almighty chose Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and assigned him the imamate. All Muslims must obey their imam and successor whom Allah Almighty has appointed for them and commanded them to follow him. He is the one entrusted with the issue of preserving the religion after the Prophet (may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family). And the dispute that occurred after the death of the Prophet (may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and their violation of the Book of Allah Almighty and the will of His Prophet for what was for their benefit and salvation, so they chose other than what Allah Almighty had chosen for them, so their strength was weakened, their number decreased, their strength weakened, and they became dispersed, killing each other, unable to fight an enemy or confront an oppressor, and ignorance spread. Poverty, misery, and humiliation, and they became weak and humiliated after Islam gave them honor, raised their status, and guided them to what would save them. Then temptations came upon them, and they drowned in a sea of shadows and blindness. Because they did not adhere to what Allah commanded them to do and did not obey the command and command of the Messenger of Allah to them. The Imamate project, this missionary project and the claim to prophethood, must be fulfilled, the state of divine justice must be established, the Imamate project must be implemented, the truth must emerge, and Islam and the Muslims be victorious. This is what those who remained in Islam and the era of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) and did not break the pledge of allegiance are waiting for. The pledge of allegiance to Ghadir Khumm was not specific to that time, but rather to all times and eras. The approach and path of Ali bin Abi Talib is clear. Whoever follows him will be saved and gain satisfaction, and the Imamate project is present and continuing. It is an extension of the establishment of a state of divine justice over an infallible imam speaking the truth. Proving the imamate to the Commander of the Faithful Ali (PBUH) is proof of the divine project and a completion of the message of our Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and his family and grant them peace).
Keywords: Imam Ali (PBUH), witness, the Qur’an, imamate.

The science of abrogation and abrogation is one of the most important knowledge that a student of religious sciences must learn if he wants to study the topics of the sciences of the Holy Qur’an. This wise book is the orbit of the Islamic religion from which Islamic legislation with its rulings, obligations and teachings radiates to the Islamic nation. Based on this importance, the most important definitions of copies mentioned in the scholars’ works were presented linguistically and terminologically, trying to come up with a comprehensive definition that prevents it.
The permissibility of abrogation has been clarified by reason and hearing, a matter upon which the Muslims do not disagree, except for those who deviate from them, such as Abu Muslim Al-Isfahani. Then, the research reviewed - in general - the translation of the life of Sayyid Diya al-Din al-A’raj al-Hilli, and the research attempts to shed light on his most important opinions. As well as determining the necessary conditions for the ruling to abrogate the previous ruling, in order to set limits for abrogation so that it is not mixed with other things, such as specification, exception, etc., and this was done by mentioning the most important opinions of scholars and concluding this with the opinion of the Master regarding the conditions for abrogation.
The most important divisions that scholars have tried to divide were discussed, in terms of ruling and recitation, in terms of whether the abrogation is substituted or not, and in terms of whether the ruling of the abrogated is heavier or lighter than the abrogated!
Thus, the research reviewed the most important topics related to transcription science in general.
Keywords: Abrogation, Permissibility of Abrogation, Diya Al-Din bin Al-Araj, Conditions for Abrogation, Sections of Abrogation

This research aims to identify historical material belonging to one of the figures of this blessed city, namely Al-Hasan Ibn Abi Taher Al-Jawani Al-Hilli (D. 597 AH), the author of the book (Nur Al-Huda Walmunjy min Ar-Radaa) and he is from the family of Al-Waram Al-Jawaniyyah Al-Hilli. Since this precious book was missing, it It fell into our hands Important sayings about him were transmitted by Sayyid Radhi Al-Din Ali bin Tawoos Al-Hilli (664 A.H) in his book (Al-Tahseen) This research came to reveal what has reached us from the book (Light of Guidance and the Savior from Corruption) in proving the imamate of the Commander of the Faithful and the Imam of the pious, Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him)
In this research, we have tried to point out what has reached us through the book of fortification by Sayyid Ibn Tawus and study it as much as possible, with the desire to acquaint the reader with this precious connection.