Sumer University Journal for humanity science

Thestandy aimed at detecting suicidal tendenciesin people with diabletes has been chosen find randomly of patient registered the city nasirya has reached the sample (100)patient.the searcher applid scale of suicidal tendencis in a modified number(2008) after ascertaining the vaility and stability of the scal .the researcher applid the scale to the sample of the research .the the researcher used many statistical methods ,including descriptive method(such as arithmentic averages ,and grammatical devation),and analytical methods,which include;(test for one sample and two ndependent sample).
Thecome to the folloing; first;the research sample have Tendency to commit suicide according to the standard prepared for this purposeSecand; there are no statically signiflcant differences in the suicidal tending to the gender(males and females);
Third;there are no differences in orientation suicidalin diabetics according to the variable of housing and country side attended. ln the light of the results, the researcher recommended the necessity of activating the role of educational counselors, not to use preventive and remedial guidance ograms to reduce the exacerbation of non-suicide tendenceies and to activate the role of educational media. And all the media to do their role to raise awareness of the dangers of this dangerous phenomenon. And the development of the current resrarch and completed the researcher suggested to conduct studies on the same patients with diabetes.And other samples

The current research aims to identify the philosophical basis of the curriculum (study courses) and the degree of possession of the professors of the College of Basic Education of that basis. The researcher used the descriptive approach for the research. The research community consisted of professors of the College of Basic Education, numbering (130) instructors of different genders, scientific degrees and precise specializations. The research sample included (30) instructors of different genders and from all specializations available in the college departments, at a rate of (20%) of the total research community. In order to achieve the goal, the researcher built the research tool (questionnaire), which consisted of four areas, namely (philosophical values in the curriculum, philosophical knowledge in the curriculum, the educational moral dimension of philosophy in the curriculum, and the philosophical dimension of thinking in the curriculum). It was distributed into (40) paragraphs, with (10) paragraphs for each area. In order to verify the validity of the research tool, the researcher presented the research tool, the questionnaire, to a group of From experts and arbitrators specialized in psychological and educational sciences, general psychology and philosophical specialization, and the result of the experts was to accept all paragraphs of the tool with guidance on reducing the length of the paragraph, and the arbitrators' agreement rates were high, and in order to ensure the application of the questionnaire, the researcher conducted an application for a survey sample of (10%) of the research community. After applying the questionnaire, the researcher processed the data with the Cronbach alpha equation and obtained a high and acceptable stability degree of (0.88), which is an acceptable coefficient.
After confirming the research tool, the researcher applied the research tool and obtained data from the sample and processed the data statistically according to the equations of the weighted mean and the percentage weight and obtained the results mentioned in Chapter Four.
In light of the results, the researcher recommends benefiting from the paragraphs of the questionnaire for the current research in colleges and educational departments in Iraqi universities. In completion of the current study, the researcher suggested conducting similar studies related to the methodological basis of the curriculum (study courses) according to (the emotional basis, the cognitive basis, and the social and cultural basis).

The current research aims to use the strategy of random excitement in achieving up to the overall capacity of second-graders in mathematics through the following two null hypotheses
1-there are no significant differences at the level of significance (0,05) between the average scores of students of the experimental group studied using the random excitement strategy and the control group studied in the usual way in the achievement test
2-There are no significant differences at the level of significance (0,05) between the average scores of students of the experimental group studied using the random arousal strategy and the control group studied in the usual way in the development of mental capacity.
The current research was limited to Middle second graders in day schools affiliated to the General Directorate of Dhi Qar education for the academic year 2023-2024 and the experiment was applied in the first semester and to obtain the results, the data were statistically processed using the T-test for two independent samples and in light of this, the researcher developed a number of recommendations and proposals related to the research results

The research aims to identify the extent to which Islamic subject teachers possess classroom interaction skills in the middle stage from their point of view. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher developed the research tool and verified its validity and reliability. It is an observation card to measure the extent to which Islamic subject teachers possess classroom interaction skills in the middle stage from their point of view. Their consideration. The researcher also identified members of the research sample, which consisted of (40) teachers in the schools of the General Directorate of Education in Anbar. They were chosen randomly from the research community. To answer the research objectives, the researcher used statistical methods, and the research concluded that teachers of the Islamic skills subject Classroom interaction in the middle stage, from their point of view, was moderate, as the field of “presentation and implementation” came in first place with a arithmetical average of (3.76) and a high degree of possession, and in second place came the field of “classroom management” with a arithmetical average of (3.71) and a high degree of possession. The “Evaluation” field came in third place with a arithmetical average of (3.49) with a moderate degree of possession. In fourth place came the field of “Communication and Human Relations” with a arithmetical average of (3.26) and a moderate degree of possession. The fifth and last place came in the field of “Arousing Motivation and Diversifying Stimuli” with a arithmetical average of (2.20). ) and a low degree of possession, and the results also showed that there was no discrepancy between the extent to which teachers possessed classroom interaction skills according to the variable (teaching experience.

The study sought to identify the extent to which Arabic language supervisors practice effective communication skills and the art of time management in Dhi Qar Education Directorate from their point of view. The study relied on the descriptive analytical approach to collect the necessary data. A questionnaire consisting of (18) paragraphs was prepared. The study sample consisted of (58) male and female supervisors, who were selected randomly. The results of the study showed that the extent to which Arabic language supervisors practice effective communication skills and the art of time management was very high. The researcher attributes this to the fact that communication skills are important for any supervisor, whether because the communication process has become a basic requirement of the current era, especially in the educational process. The researcher recommends holding courses and workshops for supervisors; to enlighten them about the importance of effective communication and the art of time management in the educational process, and to deepen awareness of it in the educational process.

In this historical research, we discuss Adam, the first human, as stated in the Bible. Adam and Eve are considered real people who were the biological and genealogical ancestors of all humans. The Bible also testifies that Adam disobeyed the Lord and introduced sin and death into the earthly world. However, scientific evidence from science Excavations and studies of human DNA deny the existence of Adam mentioned in the Torah. Some say that these opinions conflict with the story of Adam and cannot be reconciled. Therefore, the research presents some options and we conclude that the best option for reconciliation is the researcher (Peter Enns( suggestion that the story of Adam It is a metaphor for the covenant relationship between Yahweh and the Hebrews, and their disobedience and exile from the Promised Land, and thus the story of Adam and Eve is a metaphor for the story of the Hebrews and how they relate to the Lord as their King, the Master of the Covenant, and the Supreme King.

Celibacy is considered one of the methods of worship among followers of previous religions, such as Jews and Christians. It aims to devote oneself to worship, abandon pleasures, and seclusion. It found an echo among some of the early Muslims who were enthusiastic about worship in the time of the Messenger (may God bless him and his family), believing that it was pleasing to God Almighty. So the Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) intended to warn the Muslims that it was a wrong approach, and that these methods were not part of worship in any way, and that they were foreign to Islam, and that he was not sent with that, A number of narrations mentioned cases of this type among the Prophet’s companions, and the bad effects that this behavior had on their wives, so the Messenger (may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family) had to intervene and guide them to the right path of worship.

When talking about the Sassanian Empire that ruled for five centuries, we can monitor the number of main data that contributed to organizing its work and managing its affairs according to the theory and practice established by the Sassanian kings. Perhaps the classes of society and their organization according to the Sassanian royal vision was one of the most important pillars of the empire's strength and the continuity of its continuity. The classes created by the Sassanian kings represented a basic foundation according to a strict social hierarchy to determine and clarify the function of each class and its role in the imperial structure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify that organization in the mindset of the Sassanian kings and how these kings dealt with society according to their vision, which later turned into a tangible reality in which strict control was exercised over those classes, their work, duties, rights, and their role in preserving this social organization and applying it on the ground. The Sassanian kings' talk about these classes clearly indicates their great value and importance in preserving the kingdom, organizing the affairs of society, and preserving it, and that any defect or delay in the work of these classes threatens the fate, stability, and security of the empire. In light of this, the study was divided into an introduction and three axes. The first dealt with the social hierarchy in the Sassanian royal perspective and the importance of social classes in the continuity of the empire’s work. The second dealt with the socio-social hierarchy and the manner in which the Sassanian kings divided those classes according to certain determinants, in addition to the controls that regulated the work of those classes. The third included a statement and detailing of those classes from the highest to the lowest, with an analysis of the work of each class and its role in the Sassanian social system. Then, these axes were followed by a conclusion that established the most important results reached by this study

Claire Lee Chennault’s biography represents a significant chapter in American military aviation history, particularly in China during World War II. Chennault was a prominent leader and innovative strategist whose reforms and leadership were crucial in Modernizing the Chinese Air Force and enhancing its ability to confront Japanese aggression in the late 1930s. His establishment of the American Volunteer Group, known as the "Flying Tigers," played a vital role in the Pacific War, showcasing the effectiveness of his tactical approaches.
This research explores Chennault’s life, his contributions to the Chinese Air Force, and his role in forming the "Flying Tigers." It examines how his strategies and reforms influenced military aviation and affected the broader international political and military landscape. The study also addresses the challenges faced in integrating the "Flying Tigers" into the U.S. Air Force and their impact on the Pacific theater. Through this analysis, the research highlights the significance of strategic innovation and adaptability in wartime military operations.

The student of modern poetry notices the dominance of ambiguity and symbolism in it, as it is considered a common thing among poets, as it is one of the controversial literary topics. Therefore, the student finds that the symbol in poetry is not only what the poet employs of a legend with known significance. We find that the symbol constitutes a shift in the familiar semantic rules. The modern poet He combined words to draw the context of his poetic text. To use an outlet to express reality in a suggestive and provocative manner, and to achieve the poetic message through indirect stylistic means. This freed the poet from the social restrictions and political authority that prohibit what the free poet permits.

These transtextualite come to offer an expression area at Iraqi's novelists in order to reflect the psychological crisis and social contracts so as to enhance the readers to follow and read to make it come true. This study comes according to its interpretation to internal transtextualite according to its divisions, parts as well as external transtextualite. The most important transtextualite are titles, titles of internal chapters, dedication's transtextualite, acknowledgement's transtextualite and conclusion's transtextualite.

This research studies the cultural references in the work of the contemporary poet Ahmed Al-Rikabi, the collection “The One Who Knows the Secrets of Water,” by choice, and seeks to identify the cognitive (cultural) backgrounds that lie within the folds of his creative texts. And revealing its types and circumstances, and the extent of its influence on the poet’s texts.
The subject of this research required it to be held on two axes: The first axis dealt with defining “cultural references” and establishing their meaning linguistically and terminologically. Then, it began to shed light on the poet’s biography and his creative output. In the second research axis, the researcher studied the most important references that centered on the poet’s production and their influence on his poems.
After theorizing the topic, the research began by dividing the references according to the field to which they belong. There were “religious references “literary heritage references,” and “environmental references.” Under each of these names, there was a group of sub-references that were imposed by research and review of Al-Rikabi’s poetry collection. This was then followed by a list that included the sources and references that the researcher relied on, and he referred to them. In preparing the pages of this research.

In this critical paper, we tried to employ one of the artificial intelligence programs (Bard) to read a short story written by the creator of the research entitled (Sacrifice) critically according to the textual approach, because this approach does not require feeding the computer with the different contexts of the text (cultural, political, social, historical). , psychological), but it is an approach that believes in the death of the author, so he suffices with just studying the text. Then we looked at the artificial intelligence program’s critical reading of the aforementioned story. After that, critical debates took place between us and the aforementioned program (criticism and criticism of criticism), at the end of which we came out with a conclusion that we can summarize. As follows: The level that the artificial intelligence program has reached in dealing with literary texts and criticizing them is a frightening level. The least that can be said about it is that it can compete with humans, especially if the culture of the person it deals with is not high. Therefore, I recommend that the person who deals with programs should have Artificial intelligence is highly professional in the specialty it deals in, so that it can deal with the variables presented by the program.

The deep faith that stems from complete conviction in the hearts and minds of believers, especially among modern poets who are attached to the love of the Household of the Prophet (peace be upon them), made them take a new approach in taking positions against those who disagree with them regarding the Household of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and them). Therefore, we found many of them resorting - in their poems - to boasting about the love of the Household of the Prophet (peace be upon them), belonging to them, and clinging to their passions. This also appeared through the clear enthusiasm during their composition of those poems, and their pride in the poems that they composed in their love, as they defended the truth of the Shiite faith and doctrine, which led them to talk about the status of the lovers of the Household of the Prophet (peace be upon them) in many
of their poems, as we will see in succession. One of those unique poets who require us to study them in a new, conscious, and critical, detailed study.
I do not want here in this research to describe Muzaffar al-Nawab's poetry from the outside and to impose on it the ready-made, inaccurate opinions of others, but I will conduct a new reading of his poems and wander between their verses to know what is between the lines and what connects that from channels and links of communication and messages of linguistic and semantic expression inflamed with charges of eloquent and sincere emotions.

This study would like to delve into the most prominent narrative techniques invested within the novel (Water Phone) . What makes these techniques more like a poetic context that mixes the realist with the imaginative illusion , the naturalistic with the miraculous , the possible with the potential which accordingly messes with the hierarchy of time and the narrative flow of the novel . As all the above caused the events got blended and all attitudes are overlapped . Such techniques are taken as an attempt to reject reality and protest against it according to the principle of destruction and preservation . This study comes to shed a light on the artistic vision which organizes the narrative path and the most prominent themes that the novel dealt with, not to mention the extent of the organic cohesion between the purpose of the narrative and its artistic structure. The study attempts to make a benefit from some of the principles of the critical approach which emerged from the structuralism approach itself . As for the structure of the study , it contains an introduction including a presentation of the most prominent narrative techniques in the novel, then a conclusion that contains the most important results of the research. Finally , from Allah comes the success .

New studies about Palestinian novel from different aspects, either from time and place perspective or from inner aspects such as You and The Other, have been under many considerations. But the books of Hesham Sharabi, who is a Palestinian perfect author, are not one of those papers which researchers talk about. In the introduction of his novel, Alrahlato alakhireh, notes that most of the events occurs in Palestine, Jordan, Beirut and he talks about the reality of Palestinian life in their country.
The reader gets to know two important characters. “Doctor Mokhles” who follow the new on Palestinians by holding conferences, seminars and news outside the country. He also goes to Palestinian camps and contacts with them inside Palestine. The second character is “Mofid” who is the commander of a group of a worriers and goes into the country through Jordan River, He died with two of his friends when they were crossing the board line by Jewish.
This novel shows a part of Palestinian wars and small part of the hatred of Jewish they spread among the camps. The increasing hatreds which make Jewish to destroy the houses and camps. The novel covers the other aspects of inner Palestinian conflicts to The Other (Israeli). This study tries to draw another picture of “The Other Israeli” in Alrahlato Alakhireh novel on the base of the analysis of the concept
by using analytic- descriptive method to determine the most important and obvious features of “The Other” by using writing methods of Hesham Sharabi.

The research studies the theme of romanticism in the poetry of Fadwa Touqan, focusing specifically on the romantic portrayal of celestial phenomena. It aims to answer the following questions: How has the romantic method influenced the poet's work? What are the elements of romanticism in Fadwa Touqan's poetry? What are the manifestations of the sky in her poetry, particularly in "The Closed Door" collection? How does the poet incorporate these celestial elements romantically into her work? Fadwa Touqan is considered a romantic poet, characterized by themes of
alienation, sadness, sincere expression, contemplation of existence, and retreat to nature. Her poetry reflects these romantic traits, illustrating a significant literary revolution. Nature, as a source of inspiration, plays a crucial role in conveying the poet's inner feelings and emotions, with celestial elements like the sky, sun, stars, rain, wind, and snow being prominent in her work, especially in "The Closed Door."

The research deals with the rhetoric of public discourse in the advent of the Sufi Jihad, especially in the popular spoken blog. Intertextuality had an active and motivating presence in those slogans, and they varied between what was religious and historical, so they occupied a large space in the culture of the public producing these slogans. It derived from religious intertextuality its legitimacy, exploiting its cultural diversity. His religious authority constituted support for his words and actions, winning souls over to them, and breaking the power of those who distort their images and goals, in addition to being a persuasive and influential competence, a communicative process, and an argumentative style in their slogans. As for historical intertextuality, Hussein formed a generous river from whose overflow they could drink, as there was justification and role model in the oppression of Hussein and his revolution. Therefore, the research focused on three demands of the growing discourses that Jihad and religious and historical intertextuality emerged from.

This study (spatial distribution of recreational services in the city of Shatrah) is intended to give a clear picture of the extent of the distribution of services in their spatial locations among the neighborhoods for the purpose of determining the size of the proportionality in response to the size and population demand. It became clear that the city of Shatrah suffers from a deficit in recreational services compared to its large population (231,334) people as a result of poor planning, as it is not proportional to the size of the population and its equitable distribution among the neighbourhoods, so that most of the services are owned by private sector owners and are intended for financial profit .
A study of the spatial distribution of recreational services showed that they are distributed over (38) residential neighborhoods, based on data from the Shatrah Municipality Directorate and various methods, such as field and satellite visual studies, to determine their locations using a global positioning device (GPS) and represent them on the map using the GIS program, Arc Map, 10.3 .
Based on the above, the study reached results represented by the field survey through many tables and charts, as well as maps, in response to the lack of planned recreational services in residential neighborhoods as a result of the development of many neighborhoods after 2003.