Muthanna Journal of Pure Science (MJPS)

This study involved creating billets by varying the ratio of one element while keeping the ratios of four other elements constant. The metals Fe, Pb, Zn, Al, and Ni were utilized in the samples. In the first sample, the ratio of Fe (1.111g ) Pb(3.333g), Zn (1.111g ) Al ( 1.111g) and Ni(1.111g). The LIBS method was employed to conduct spectral analysis on a sample composed of all five metals. there was thermal equilibrium inside the plasma, and the excitation temperature was determined by analyzing the Pb emission lines that were observable in the sample. The study found that specific heat capacity plays a significant role in whether temperatures decrease or increase.

: The Canadian guideline for assessing the quality of drinking water treated by reverse osmosis (R.O.) was applied at Al- Diwaniyah Governorate/Iraq and some of its districts (Al-Hamza-Afak -Shamiya). Water samples were collected monthly from Twelve selected stations starting from August to October 2022. The physical, chemical, and microbial parameters of the reverse osmosis treated water were studied and laboratory tests for water samples were conducted. The results aligned within the Iraqi standard and the World Health Organization specification and did not exceed the permissible limit. The results of the microbial tests indicated that there was no bacterial contamination of the reverse osmosis treated water in all stations during the study period,. The results of the water quality guide (CCME WQI) for evaluating reverse osmosis water for drinking purposes indicated that the reverse osmosis-treated water was within the category (moderate- good) during the study period and for all sites.

Kidney failure is a common health problem affecting millions of people worldwide, and zinc deficiency is a major contributor to this condition. In this study, the use of a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique for the diagnosis of renal failure in zinc-deficient individuals was validated. The study was conducted by analyzing plasma samples collected from individuals with renal failure and zinc deficiency using the LIBS technique. Then the plasma parameters, such as electronic temperature and electron density, were analyzed and their equations were derived. To identify the characteristic spectral lines of elements in blood samples and compare them with those of healthy individuals. The results showed that the plasma parameters of individuals with renal failure and zinc deficiency were significantly different from those of healthy individuals. This study demonstrates the potential of the LIBS technique as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for renal failure in zinc-deficient individuals.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a highly complicated type of neurodegenerative diseases is the brain ailment characterized by the progressive decline in mental function influencing millions of people globally. In spite the developments in molecular biology, it is not fully understood what causes this disease. Mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 symptomize AD by building amyloid-beta, a plaque formed in the brains by which neurons communication is hindered triggering cognitive decline, neuronal impairment, and death. Current advances in gene editing have provided new insights into the significant genetic factors take part in the progress of AD. CRISPR-Cas9 is a cutting-edge genome-editing tool used to provide sincere efforts to target and silence infective proteins linked with AD. The main goal of this research is to assess the potential of CRISPR Cas9, as a treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in addition to reviewing genes for both early and late onset AD.

The influence of acidic and basic environment of sol on the final Aerogel properties was studied in this work. Transparency of silica Aerogel monolith was investigated according to their initial preparation pH values. The findings show that silica Aerogels’ optical transmittance is highly sensitive to the pH values employed in their production. Specifically, the silica Aerogels prepared at a pH of 8 demonstrate the highest level of transmittance. SEM as well as BET measurements of silica Aerogels are employed as pore structure probes to ascertain the changes, that occur in a TEOS precursor silica gel, as a function of the variation of the initial preparation pH value. There is a systematic correlation between sol acidic/ basic environment variation and Aerogel surface area except around pH 2 which exhibits abnormal results. While the relation between porosity as well as pore size and preparation pH values were more irregular.

With the fast development of nanotechnology, the preparation of electrospun nanofibers received increasing interest. Because of their large specific area and superior functional abilities, electrospun nanofiber membranes play an essential role in various fields, particularly in wastewater treatment. The goal of this study is to develop bacterial rejection membranes of Polyamide6/Chitosan nanofiber membranes that have pores larger than some bacterial cell types present in wastewater. Polyamide6/ Chitosan nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning technique. The fabricated filters were characterized using Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FeSEM), water contact angle assessment. The diameters of nanofibers in the range of (116.88 237.34) nm were achieved. The bacterial removal efficiency of Polyamide6/ Chitosan nanocomposites on coliform and streptococci were studied. The results showed that Polyamide6/ Chitosan/1.5% Zinc Oxide nanoparticles, and (20 25) min. of reaction time resulted in the best removal efficiency: 99 % for coliform and 99.99 % for Streptococci. The bacterial cells were entrapped and damaged after passing through the membrane, as seen by Fe SEM images. As a result, these PA6/ Chitosan nanocomposites membranes appear promising for decontamination of water.