Academic Science Journal

The present study included One hundred and fifty-five specimens were collected from COVID-19 patients (male and female) admitted and hospitalized in ICU after confirming the infection by using Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as X ray and CT scan at Baqubaa Teaching Hospital from the period of the first of October 2021 to the first to March 2022.The sources of the specimens include (100) pharyngeal swabs and (55) sputum. Selective and differential media, microscopic examination, biochemical tests and the Vitek-2 compact system were used in diagnose all the isolates. Forty-five (29%) isolates from a total of 155 sever COVID-19 patients showed positive growth at a percentage (30%) while 70% showed negative growth. The positive growth isolates were distributed as 155/10 (6.45%) isolates of gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus were isolated only from Pharyngeal swab at a percentage of 10 (10%) and two types of gram-negative isolates which was 155/22(14.19%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 13(8.38%) Acinetobacter baumannii, both of them isolated from Pharyngeal swab 5 (5%) and 9 (9%), and from Sputum was 17 (30.9%), and 4(7.27%) respectively. Antibiotics sensitivity test revealed strong resistance against 12 antibiotics from different classes were used for each isolates, the results showed that there was numerous bacterium isolates with multiple drug resistance (MDR) and extensively drug resistance (XDR) the results indicated that from the total 10 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus showed resistance to Chloramphenicol (87%), Clarithromycin (85% ), Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (82%), Imipenem (81 %), Levofloxacin (79 % ), Nitrofurantoin (78%), Penicillin and Doxycycline (75%), Gentamicin (74 %), Azithromycin (73%), Tetracycline (66%), Ciprofloxacin (62 %) and Clindamycin (60%). The resistance of P. aeruginosa was variable as follows: 83%, 81%, 80% 79%, 78% and 76% of the isolates resistant to Ciprofloxacin, imipenem, piperacillin, Gentamicin, Tetracycline, Amikacin and Meropenem respectively. Whereas the resistance against Tobramycin and Levofloxacin was 73% and 65% respectively. Concerning to A. baumannii; the resistance rate was 88%, 85%nad 81% against Gentamicin, piperacillin and cefatzidime and cefepime respectively, while the resistance against meropenem and imipenem was 78% and 75% respectively. About tobramycin, Amikacin, tetracycline and Levofloxacin the rate of resistance was 79%, 76%, 71% and 66% respectively. Biofilms formation of the bacteria isolated from severity cases of COVID-19 patients showed that 75% of S. aureus were strongly former, 20% moderately and 5% were non-former, whereas A. baumannii isolates (90%) were strongly former, 10% moderately and no isolate was former. About P. aeruginosa (85%) were strongly former, 15% moderately and no one was former.

Social distance has been crucial in preventing the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic since the outbreak began. For public spaces to be safe places where people's social distancing is respected, most methods of social distancing consist of the following steps: the system (i) monitors and analyzes the actual distances between people in real-time; (ii) looks for violations of social distancing among the crowds; and (iii) collects information on and alerts those who violate the rules. This paper provides the first review of the substantial focus of convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based techniques. Also been conducted to identify their advantages and disadvantages. This article examines the most fundamental ideas about social distancing. The methods and knowledge of the basic algorithms used by previous researchers and studies, as well as the data set that can be used to evaluate algorithms that can tell when a distance is safe.

For multi criteria sequencing problem on one machine, we propose an algorithm total completion total lateness maximum lateness maximum earliness (CLLE) to find efficient solutions in this paper. The criteria are total completion time(∑Cj), total lateness(∑Lj), maximum Lateness (Lmax) and maximum earliness (Emax). A collection of n independent jobs (tasks) has to be sequenced on one machine jobs j (j=1, 2, 3, …., n) wanted processing time pj and due date dj. Conclusions is formulated on the competence of the (CLLE) algorithm based on results from computational experiments.

The aim of this work is to construct a new structure which is called fuzzy group bornology to solve the problem of bounded for fuzzy group. Furthermore, we explain that the intersection of collections of fuzzy bornological groups is a fuzzy bornological group. Also, we gave the sufficient condition to show the image of a fuzzy bornological group is fuzzy bornological group and showed there exist a fuzzy bornological isomorphism between two fuzzy bornological groups. Finally, we studied a homomorphism between fuzzy bornological groups with some main properties and some results and show that a fuzzy bornological group is homogenous space.

This examination, pulsed laser ablation in liquids technology was used to synthesis of aluminum nanoparticles. A number of pulsed Nydmium Yak (Nd:YAG) laser with wavelength (1064 nm) , constant ablation energy (600 mJ), frequency (1 Hz) and pulse duration (10 ns), was utilized for an objective of unadulterated aluminum drenched in refined water. The primary, morphological, and optical properties were examined, including XRD for Al NPs has a polycrystalline structure and cubic phase. The planes (111) and (200) corresponding to peaks at (2θ=38.08° and 44.03°) which agreement with the JCPDS standard card no. (004-0787). (111) direction represents the strongest and the preferred peak. We determined the crystallite size found out by utilizing Scherrer's recipe it was (17.52) nm. Estimation of FTIR after effects of the pre-arranged aluminum showed an expansion of the connection between AL-O-H , C - O , C = C, and O-H Which have a place with the water particles utilized in the readiness interaction. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis were carried out.FESEM images of Al NPs prepared at 500 pulse relatively shapes like spherical, cubical and uniform were noted. It is clear from these pictures that the particle size is around (177.4 nm), Al NPs prepared at 600 pulses are in agglomerated form. Due to the agglomeration the particles look much bigger than their real size. It is clear from these pictures that the particle size is around (136.0 nm) and Al NPs prepared at 700 pulses are nearly spherical and cubical in shape with different sizes. The aggregation of Al nanoparticles is due to strong interactions. The average particle size of the NPs observed from FE-SEM images is (123.1 nm). The absorbance spectra of Al NPs at 500, 600 and 700 pulses and laser power 600 mJ was noted that when pulses number of laser increases the SPR shift to smaller wavelength (blue shift) which indicates that the smaller size nanoparticles. Optical absorption spectra of the sample prepared in constant solution at fixed laser power and varying pulses number have a strong feature in the ultraviolet and visible range. The SPR peak absorption increases whenever increases pulses number, accompanied by a slight change in bandwidth and a maximum wavelength of absorption. The peaks position unstable when the pulse number increases, increases the confinement energy. EDS analysis of aluminum nanoparticles prepared by pulsed laser ablation at( 600 pulse) showed that the noticeable peaks are oxygen and aluminum

In this paper, the effect of heat transfer and slip conditions on peristaltic transport of Magneto hydrodynamics (MHD) non-Newtonian fluid across tapered porous channel are studied.

The structural and optical characteristics of thin CuZnS films were examined in this research. The films were created utilizing the spin coating technique at different temperatures (200, 250 and 300 °C). According to XRD investigations, all compounds showed a polycrystalline structure with a hexagonal structure. The field emission scanning electron microscopy, surface morphology were investigated (FE-SEM). As the temperature is raised, the average particle size increases. The absorption spectra of CuZnS thin films showed that, for all samples, absorption increases as temperature rises for all samples. The optical characteristics of the material, including absorbance and absorbance coefficient, were investigated as well.

Co-precipitation was used to synthesis Au/Fe3O4 nano-composites different Au contents, (XRD) , (SEM) were used to analyze the nano-composites' microstructure and phase (EDX) , (XPS) were used to confirm the compositions of the powders. UV-Vis spectroscopy utilized to examine the particles' band gaps. Malachite green(MG) degradation was examined using the photocatalytic property of the nanocomposites, also the powders with 0.5 mol of Au exhibit the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The reaction conditions for Au(0.5)/Fe3O4 were also evaluated.

The corrosion inhibitive impacts of a mixture (4:1) of Citrus Limon leaf (CLL) extract and potassium iodide additives when the mild steel was exposed to the corrosive solution (1M HCl) were evaluated using the weight-loss method at temperatures of )303, 313, 323, and 333( K. It was noted that the mixture acts as an inhibitor of mild steel corrosion at concentrations of )1.25, 2.5, 3.75, 5, and 6.25( ml/L. It was observed also that the inhibition efficiency (%I) of the mixture increased with an increase in temperature in the presence of the synergistic effect of the iodide ion. It was found that at the highest mixture concentrations and temperatures, the inhibition competence increased to 95.20%. Inhibitor adsorption characteristics were reached by the Langmuir isotherm and were compatible. The adsorption thermodynamic parameters that were calculated supported the mixed-adsorption of the mixture on a mild steel surface. A surface analysis technique (SEM) used to confirm the occurrence of an adsorption process on the surface.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen involved in many infections in respiratory system, urinary tract, pneumonia, wounds, and bacteremia. It has many mechanisms and virulence factors such as adaptation and survival in extreme environments. In this study, 32 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from Teaching Laboratories in Baqubah General Teaching Hospital and Al-Batool Teaching Hospital, Iraq. The isolates were identified based on morphological and biochemical tests and confirmed by Vitek 2 system. The isolates varied in their antibiotic resistance towered ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, meropenem, aztreonam, imipenem by 100%,100%,100%, 68.75%, 28.12%, and 18.75%, respectively. The biofilm formation test revealed that 43.75% of P. aeruginosa isolates were strongly biofilm forming, 46.8% moderate, and 6.25% were non-biofilm forming. All the tested isolates were able to produce pyocyanin with varied concentration ranged between 17 µg/ml (isolate P2) to 31.5 µg/ml (isolate P7). This study revealed the ability of the clinical P. aeruginosa to produce high amount of pyocyanin which could be used in many applications.

In this paper, an inverse problem for the modified Helmholtz equation arising in heat conduction in the fin is considered. The goal of this paper is the determination of the temperature at the under-specified boundary (inner boundary of an annular domain) benefiting from the accessible part of the boundary with Cauchy data (boundary temperature and heat flux). This problem is solved numerically using the meshless method proposed in [2]. The stability is confirmed by applying a noise for the Cauchy data.

The intestinal parasite infection is a significant health issue in developing countries, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas. About 3.7 billion individuals are thought to be affected annually, most of cases are children, including children in Iraq, and Baquba city. According to researchers, the main intestinal parasites affecting humans include Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lambellia. The present research was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections that causes serious problems among children aged (>1 – 15 years old) and to investigate the relationship between parasitic infestation among children and their immunity (i.e., IgE), the levels of Vit D3, and Zinc. About 300 samples were collected from hospitalized and non-hospitalized children and 100 control. A fresh stool and blood sample were taken from each child during the period from 1st of November 2021 to 31st of May 2022. The collected samples were examined microscopically for identifying the parasite and examined for immunological and hematological parameters. The result showed a significant variation among children from different age groups, the age group (1>-5) years old had the highest infection with intestinal parasites. In terms of gender, males had the highest intestinal parasitic infections than females. The levels of Vitamin D3 and Zinc decreased in infected children with intestinal parasitic comparing to the control. While IgE indicated higher levels in infected children than in the controls

Deep learning-based violence detection approaches from video streams are a rapidly expanding subject of study, this is due to the necessity to develop appropriate and automated violence detection techniques based on visual data obtained from security cameras mounted in various locations. In this research, a modified pre-trained deep learning technique named Convolutional Neural Network-Visual Geometry Group16 (CNN-VGG16) are employed to implement a low complex and uncomplicated model for the detection of violence. The transfer learning technique is applied to take advantage of the pre-knowledge VGG16 in detecting shapes and edges. The final layers of the default VGG16 structure are replaced to accommodate the purpose of the research. The efficiency of this approach is evaluated using two datasets (Automatic Violence Detection Dataset (AvdDS) and Surveillance fight dataset (SfDS)). The experimental outcomes prove the efficiency of the proposed model against alternative methods. In experiment accuracy results for Dataset 1 94% and 91% after applying Canny filter, as for dataset 2, the accuracy is 99% and 92% using canny filter. Also In this paper, the effect of applying edges detector on classification accuracy results and processing time for training the model is observed.

The Effect of UV-C Rays and An Insect Growth Regulator on the Growth and Development of Potato Tuber Moth Phthorimaea operculella

Cold curing was used to evaluate the rheological properties of epoxy resin which was reinforced
with fullerene (C60) at different concentrations (0, 0.07, 0.11, 0.16, 0.25, 0.33, and 0.66 wt%).
The kinetics of changes at complex viscosities was studied, by investigating the relationship
between resin viscosity and resin with nanoparticles temperature dependency, the effect of
fullerene reinforcements on the viscosity of the constituent epoxy-polymer compositions was
evaluated. We steadied how the complex viscosity changed with time when adhesive
compositions doped with C60 at various concentrations polymerized. By changing the
concentrations of fullerenes, the time to reach the gel-point was determined for the mixtures
and materials used. It was observed that the reinforcement at the beginning of the mixture with
reinforcement changes with the time curing of the composition at a concentration of 0.16 wt.%,
the maximum effect (30%) is achieved. The Young's modulus is shown to increase when the
polymer is doped with fullerenes at 0.15 wt.% and decrease when the polymer is without filler

The goal of this article is to examine the ideas of co-neutrosophic multi-dominating (CNMD)
set,

Fuzzy sets have been implemented efficiently to manage unclear data, language terms, and
vague notions. Recently, considerable work has been dedicated to merging neural-network
techniques with fuzzy sets. In this study, present the structure of a fuzzy feed-forward neural
network (FFFNN) with a trapezoidal fuzzy set. In addition to handling real input vectors, it is
also capable of handling fuzzy input vectors. Generally, the output of a FNN is a fuzzy vector.
According to the extension principle of Zadeh, each unit of a FNN has an input-output
relationship. To determine the costs associated with fuzzy calculations and fuzzy objectives,
developed a cost function. At that point, created a learning algorithm from the cost capacity to
align the four variables of each trapezoidal fuzzy weight. In conclusion, demonstrate our
methodology using numerical models.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disorder and is also defined
as: impairment of glucose tolerance. This article aims to clarify the role of the changes in some
hormones that may cause the development gestational of diabetes, as an attempt to understand
and reduce the mechanism of this disorder. Disturbance Hormonal insulin levels, which are
characterized by a reducing blood glucose reduced utilization of by muscle and body tissues.
Many factors will promote the development of GDM, such as: BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m2, pre-existing
gestational diabetes, family history and HbA1C ≤ 7 mmol/l. Gestational diabetes can be seen
as a transient pattern of type 2 Diabetes, Symptoms appear with hormonal changes related to
pregnancy. Etiology of GDM related to type 2 diabetes and insulin resistant which also may
attack beta cells in pancreas. It can be concluded that the change in the level of each of these
hormones (significant differences) had a role in promoting the development of diabetic
pregnant more than control pregnant women.

Intestinal parasitic infections are one of the most important health problems. Although fresh
vegetables are considered as a vital element of a healthy diet, they are a potential source of
human intestinal parasitic infections during production, collection, transportation, preparation
and consumption. The present study was carried out to determine and detect the parasite
contaminants of fresh vegetables that are sold at different open-aired markets in Kalar city,
Kurdistan Region, Iraq. A total of 240 raw vegetable samples were examined by sedimentation
technique after washing the samples with normal saline. Of the 240 samples, 124 (51.7%) were
microscopically positive for intestinal parasites. Particularly, a high rate of contamination was
recorded in cress (Lepidium sativum) with 70%. However, the least contaminated sample was
lettuce (Lactuca sativa) with 36.7%. The most encountered parasite was Taenia spp. (egg
12.9%), whereas Trichuris trichiura (0.83%) was the least detected parasite. Since, the results
emphasize the fresh vegetables are potential sources of transmission for intestinal parasites in
central markets of Kalar city, strict hygienic measures should always be adopted to avoid
parasitic contamination. Untreated sewage and the manure used by greengrocer as fertilizer can
be implicated in vegetable contamination.

Conductive polymer (CPs) materials include polypyrrole nanofibers (PPy-NFs). The chemical oxidation of pyrrole monomer with Iron (III) chloride in the presence of methyl orange at 3 0C had synthesized polypyrrole nanofibers (PPy-NFs). Polypyrrole nanofibers (PPy-NFs) were determined to be amorphous, based on the XRD spectra. According to the TEM test, PPy is polymerized into one-dimensional nanofibers with a nanofibers structure that has distinct nanofibers diameters with widths varying from (50-100 nm). The PPy-NFs in the manufactured nanostructures were investigated using RAMAN to identify their composition. Additionally, The NH3 gas- sensing performance of the PPy NFs thin films for the prepared molar ratio was tested.