DIYALA JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES

The kinetic of atropine pertraction from seeds of Datura Metel Linn plant
was studied. Diisopropyl ether, n-hexane and n-heptane were used as membranes for atropine
recovery. The effect of speed of agitation and time in the range of 200-300 rpm and 0-3.5h,
respectively were studied using the proposed membranes. The pertraction experiments were
carried outs in a batch laboratory unit. The liquid-liquid pertraction was found to be very
suitable for atropine recovery from its liquid extracts of Datura Metel seeds. A high purity
(94-96%) can be obtained in the receiver phase. The pertraction process was found to be very
selective for atropine recovery with diisopropyl ether membrane. As the speed of agitation
increases the efficiency of pertraction increases within the studied range

different unconventional heat sources for material processing were
discussed . The heat sources such as plasma arc, electron beam and Co2 laser were employed
previously by other researchers, while " Co2laser– gas mixture" system was studied during
the present research .
Comparison between the results of present work with the others mentioned above was
made . The parameter which was adopted for comparison is the "energy consumed per unit
length" for particular thickness .The parameter is based on the equation which was suggested
by the author of this research .
Linear relationship between energy per unit length with thickness forCo2 laser alone
and "Co2laser – gasmixture " was found, while for other heat sources it was found out of the
proportionality. This comparison showed the superiority of the "Co2laser –gas mixture"
system over the other heat sources during cutting mild steel.

This paper investigates the effect of phase noise on equalization of communication channels using least mean square (LMS) and recursive least square (RLS)adaptive algorithms. The aim of the investigation is to mitigate inter-symbol interference (ISI)caused by the channel and to impose the bit error rate (BER) in the received signals. The equalizer uses two basic adaptive algorithms: LMS algorithm and RLS algorithm. Without LMS-RLS equalizer, the BER is more than when the system model includes LMS-RLS equalizer as indicated in table (1) and table (2). Equalizer algorithm is analyzed using MATLABv.9Communication Block Set

In this work aims at studying the influence of steel plate on the deflection of self-compacted reinforced concrete beams was investigated experimentally in this study to know the flexural behavior of these beams. Eight simply supported reinforced concrete beam were tested under the action of two point loads .The deflections of the beams with and without plate are measured. The steel plates of thickness (3 mm) with dimensions ( 170 × 350 mm) were used. These plates were sticked on the concrete beams using epoxy. The steel plate inside the beam was sticked with and without epoxy (epoxy type EP), while the beams were taken with and without opening(10 mm diameter). The results show that the plate increased the capacity of the beam by increased the value of failure load. Hence, the beam with internal plate with epoxy increased the failure load by 34.2% than beam without plate , and 24.6% than beam with internal plate without epoxy , and 19.7% than beam with external plate with epoxy.

This investigation aimed to study the effect of nano metakaolin ( NMK ) on some properties (compressive strength ,splitting tensile strength & water absorption )of concrete. The nano metakaolin(NMK) was prepared by thermal activation of kaolinclay for 2 hours at 750 Ċ. The cement used in this investigation consists of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The OPC was partially substituted by NMK of( 3, 5 & 10%) by weight of cement. The C45 concrete was prepared , using water/cementratio ( W/c) of (0.53) .The Water absorption was tested at 28 days while the tests (compressive strength ,splitting tensile strength) were tested at ages of (7, 28, 60,& 90) days . The compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete with NMK were higher than that of reference concrete with the same W/c ratio .The improvement in the compressive strength when using NMK was (42.2, 55.8 , 63.1% ) at age 28 days for ( 3%, 5%, &10% ) replacement of NMK respectively whereas the improvement in the splitting tensile strength was (0% , 36% & 46.8 %) at age of 28 days when using (3%, 5%, &10% ) NMK respectively. The improvement in the water absorption was (16.6%, 21.79%, &25.6 ) when using (3, 5, &10% )NMK.

Proportional integral derivative (PID) control is the most commonly used control algorithm in the industry today. PID controller popularity can be attributed to the controller’s effectiveness in a wide range of operation conditions, its functional simplicity, and the ease with which engineers can implement it using current computer technology. In this paper, the Dc servomotor model is chosen according to his good electrical and mechanical performances more than other Dc motor models ,discuss the novel method for tuning PID controller and comparison with Ziegler-Nichols method from through parameters of transient response of any system which uses PID compensator.

This paper present a numerical analysis using ANSYS finite element program to simulate the reinforced concrete T- beams strengthened with external bonded steel plates when subjected to negative bending. Eight beams with length 2.0m and simply supported were modeled. Nonlinear materials behavior, as it relates to steel reinforcing bars and plain concrete, and linear behavior for plate is simulated using appropriate constitutive models. The results showed that the general behavior of the finite element models represented by the load-deflection curves at midspan appear well agreement with the test data from the previous researches. Also the crack patterns at the final loads from the finite models are discussed . The finite element models represented by this search can be used to carry out parametric study for the strengthening of plated T-beams.

In this research a simulation of steady flow of a gas through a convergent divergent nozzle which has a varying cross sectional area will be considered. The nature of the flow can be explained by considering how the flow and its characteristics in the nozzle changes as nthe back pressure Pb is decreased .The characteristics of gas flow i.e.(Mach number, static pressure, density, velocity magnitude and static temperature) distributions for the convergent divergent nozzle are implemented by using the ANSYS Fluent 12.1 software to solve the quasi-one dimensional nozzle flow.The reductions in the back pressure cannot affect conditions upstream of the throat. The nozzle is, therefore, choked. The shock wave increases the pressure, density and temperature and reduces the velocity and Mach number to a subsonic value, and as back pressure is further reduced to a certain value, the extent of the supersonic flow region increases, the shock wave moving further down the divergent portion of the nozzle towards the exit plane.

( Nd – Glass laser. Ceramic, dielectrically constant)The aim of the present research is to study the effect of Nd-glass laser to the dielectrically properties of the ceramic body and compare the results with and without the effect of laser.The experimental method includes two part: part one includes the calculation of the dielectrically constant of the ceramic body that’s formed from three materials(kaolinDukala,Quartz, potassium fildspar ) with thickness 3-3.5mm by using LCR meter, type Agilenty 4294Aparcil Imperlence. So we calculation the value of the dielectrically constant from the value of the produced amplitude from the changeable frequency. Part two from the research includes the effect of Nd-glass laser radiation with different energies E= 600, 700, 800Mj, to the ceramic sample and calculation the dielectrically constant too, and then compare this value for the ceramic samples with and without the effect of laser radiation.

This research was studying the effect of added aluminum fiber from the waste product of aluminum factories on the properties of concrete mixes. The study involved a reference concrete mix (M0) without admixture of aluminum and compare with three mixes (M3,M5,and M10) ,with three percent (3%,5%, and10%) from weight of cement, SpecificallyThe thermal conductivity factor (k) was calculated depending on the equation of ACI code (122-R-2002) for mix concrete. The laboratory testes (slump flow, density, compressive strength) were doing for the cubes samples with dimension (150*150*150) to concrete mixes(M0,M3,M5),and M10) in age (7,14,and 28)day. The affect thermal conductivity factor of concrete was depended on the effect of workability, density and compressive strength with age sample. The results were getting from the testing found the density ,thermal conductivity factor and compressive strength decreasing with adding the admixture of aluminum (7%-20%),(17%-45%) and (30%-54%) respectively, because of the reaction between the aluminum fiber with compound of cement cause the babble gas (Cellular concrete ) due to reduction in the density and compressive strength

This research aimed to study the deference between the dry and wet wear was applied on structural steel A 36 ASTM, in the beginning the samples were prepared by cutting, grinding and polishing then these samples were applied in the wear set under two part, one under dry wear and second under wet wear (in corrosive media in this case sea water), weight loss was measured to know the deference between two cases. The experimental work tests were done using special device which was locally designed and manufactured .The results showed the wet wear experience loss in weight more than the dry wear because of the stress corrosion.

The technical world is changing very rapidly. In recent three decades, the power of personal computers has increased by a factor of nearly one-thousand. By all accounts, it will increase by another factor of one-thousand in the next decade. This tremendous power has changed the way science and engineering is done, and there is no better example of this than digital signal processing (DSP). This proposal is a fast algorithm to compute some important mathematical operations in the DSP, which are the convolution and the correlation (both linear and circular). These operations are entered in most application daily computers, cellular phones, aerospace, medical devices, mechanical statuses, images processing, TV conferences, and other. Therefore, that to get at time realization system (i.e. to reduce the delay of time in any system).