Iraqi Journal of Information and communication technology

The delay in delivering packets and packets loss in computer networks is due to the problem of congestion in TCP/ AQM routers, and to solve this problem, the transmission control protocol and active queue management worked together. TCP provides secure data transfer and designed to handle congestion after its occurrence. AQM predicts congestion and tries to resolve the problem before it occurs. In this work, the Fuzzy- PID (FPID) controller is presented to manage the avoidance of congestion problems associated with TCP networks. The approach is based on hybridization between the Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) and the Proportional-Integral-Derivative(PID) controller, with the structure of Fuzzy Set- Point- Wight(FSW) for PID controller that optimized by Antlion Optimizer(ALO)using a linearized TCP congestion model. The target is to control the queue length of the router for the queue level in demand. The FPID controller shows good robustness for different scenario of the TCP network and the queue length response showed fast tracking capability with good robustness to network parameters changing in comparison of using PID controller. All simulations are carried out using MATLAB 2017b

In this paper, a combination of spatial domain as well as transformation domain with the aid of chaotic sequences is used to propose an efficient steganography scheme for color images. The transform domain uses Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) for embedding the cover and secret images. Chaotic sequences are used for two purposes: first, to scramble the secret color image before hiding. Second, to randomly select the locations of the cover image for embedding. The two images are then merged together into a single image and the stego image is formed by applying IDWT. The secret image is extracted from the stego image without the need to the original cover image. The simulation results are evaluated in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE), correlation, and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) demonstrate that the proposed scheme has better robustness than the previous schemes in the literature in the presence of common image attacks including filtering and noise attacks. The obtained results for maximum PSNR and correlation were 76.8 dB and 99.99% for the stego image while for the extracted secret image were 55.4 dB and 100%

The need for a vehicle tracking system in real-time is growing continuously due to the increase of the theft cases. This type of system needs to transmit large data with a huge number of HTTP request to the server to keep tracking and monitoring the vehicle in real- time, this will made the expenditure extremely high every month for transmitting the information of the tracked vehicles to the server, therefor this expensditure needs to be reduced by reducing the data size that transmits to the servers. This paper presented an integrated vehicle tracking systemin real- time to track vehicle anywhere at any time. This system is mainly divided into two parts: vehicle tracking part and monitoring part. Tracking part is represented by installation the electronic devices in the vehicle using Arduino UNO R3 and SIM800L GSM/ GPRS modem. the coordinates is changed to add a type of protection to the information before sending it via a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS). The monitoring part is in the cloud and will receive the coordinates and the displays it on a map in a web page. The main contribution of this system is reducing the data size that sent from the embedded system by selecting only the necessary data for the tracked vehicle that sent to the remote server via constrain the transmission of information with the movement of the vehicles, since the coordinates will be sent each 10s, and will not sent when the vehicle is not moving and this will save the cost

V2X (Vehicle- to- Everything) evolution over cellular networks has been an excelling topic with the advances of high throughput and low latency LTE networks, and the introduction of 5G networks. According to recent researches, obtaining acceptable End-to-End (E2E) delay has been a challenging design process since data travels through several steps from the originating source to the data center and vice versa. C- V2X (Cellular- V2X)latency comprises mainly of three levels: source processing, cellular network, and data center processing. Delay reduction can be achieved on the three levels. However, many conventional solutions have not reached the required and acceptable range of latency to enable V2X communication over cellular networks. In this paper, a general review of challenges to make V2X feasible on cellular network has been discussed, and the proposed solutions in the literature has been introduced. As a conclusion, a various types of aiding tools to design and test V2X tools are given, so that a right path should be taken to consider challenges and improving design metrics