Tikrit Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Urticaria is a common disease which affects an approximately 15-25% of the population at some point during their life time. Chronic urticaria indicates the presence of hives for a protracted period (>6weeks). Antihistamines, steroids and immune suppressants are needed for the treatment of chronic miicaric. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Nigella sative oil in the treatment of chronic urticaria. The results showed that 400 mg twice daily of Nigella sativa oil (in gelatin capsule) was significantly increase cure rate. It also significantly decreases log1 o IgE and improves tolerability of patients to exacerbating factors. The effects of Nigella sativa oil in urticaria could be attributed to inhibition of histamine release, blocking of histamine effects and inhibition of ecosanoides formation from arachidonic acid.

A reversed phase(RP) HPLC with ion-pair reagent is used for simultaneous determinations of water-soluble vitamins (nicotineamide, nicotinic acid, folic acid, riboflavin (B2) and thiamin (B 1 )) in pharmaceutical preparations. The vitamins were analyzed using ZORBAX Cs (25cm x 4.6mm i.d) analytical column, 6-8µ111 particle size, by isocratic elution with a mobile phase consisted of 20%methanol, buffered with 0.05M KH2P04 (pH 3.5) , and 3x10-3M 1-octanesulfonic acid as an ion-pair reagent at a flow rate of (l.Oml/min.). The UV-Visible detection of the separated vitamins was made at 254nm for all water-soluble vitamins. The precision and accuracy of method were checked by calculating RSD% and relative error E%, which where found to be reasonable. A RSD% between (0.5-4.76) % and relative error -:\1etween (0.05-4.93)%.The limit of detection range was found to be (0.0244,
\\
O.Q436µg/ml).

The laboratory diagnosis of human rotavirus (HRV) based on many different methods. The latex agglutination test was the only method used in several hospitals in Iraq to detect HRV in stool samples. The frequency of positivity rate was proportional to the concentration of virions in the sample. The aim of this work was to study the efficiency of different extraction methods as filtration, sonication, ultracentrifugation and Freon-ether) on the results of Latex test also on the virus yield in tissue culture. The effectiveness was determined semi-quantitatively by LAT. All methods give statistically significant differences at p< 0.00 I except the low speed centrifugation gave differences at p<0.005. The results reveal that there are clear effects on positivity rate between the use of available methods and the sonication, ultracentrifugation and Freon -ether methods. The results of tissue culture revealed . that the cytopathic effects were visible when the virus preparation processed by the mentioned methods cause CPE after 12,24 and 48 hrs respectively in comparison with the available methods. The recommended methods for detection of RV particles from clinical specimens were sonication, ultracentrifugation and freon-ether.

This study was performed to determine the possible therapeutic effects of Date palm pollen in male infertility. Pollen powder was packed as 500 mg in capsules , and used for treatment of 25 infertile men as 500 mg twice daily for 3 months. The treatment significantly increased serum LH,FSH and testosterone levels . It also significantly increased sperm count and motility . Sexual desire was also significantly increased. Wives of two treated male became pregnant during the treatment period . Pollen of Date palm causes no biochemical and hematological toxicities. As a conclusion it is effective, cheap, and safe therapeutic agent.

This study was designed to determine the efficacy of triple and quadruple therapy for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Seventy five patients underwent Helicobacter Pylori associated peptic ulcer ,as determined by endoscopy and rapid urease test of biopsy were paiiicipated in this study. They were divided to 4 groups. Three of them were treated with triple therapy. The triple therapy in the first group consisted of omprazole 20 mg BID + amoxicillin 500 mg QID + metronidazole 500 mg TID . For the second group , only omprazole was replaced by ranitidine 150 mg BID , while for the third group metronidazole was replaced by clarithromycin 500mg BID . All triple therapies were given for 2 weeks. However , for the fourth group , a quadruple therapy consisted of omprazole 20mg BID + amoxicillin 500mg QID + clarithromycin 500mg BID + metronidazole 500mg TID , was given for one week. The efficacy in the four groups, was 91.3, 88.89, 90, and 100% respectively. All treatmentregimens were well tolerated and no sever side effects necessitated cessation of the treatment.

Enzymes are very important components in the biological system. a-Amylase is one of these enzymes, it is one of the hydrolytic enzymes that breaks down the dietary starch and glycogen to glucose and maltose. The present study is conducted to evaluate a-Amylase activity in serum and saliva of patients with jaundice in comparison it with the enzyme activity in the serum and saliva of healthy individuals. That is, to provide further information about the relationship between jaundice and a­Amylase activity. Estimation of a-Amylase activity in serum and saliva was made by
Amyloclastic (iodometric) method.
A 120 samples of serum and saliva were collected; 50 samples represented the control group whose ages range between (20-55) years and 70 samples were the patient with jaundice group whose ages range between ( 15-55) years. Alpha-amylase activity appeared significantly higher in normal individuals (both in serum and saliva in comparison with patients with jaundice.

Histamine is a biogenic amine. that produces bronchospasm when it is used (I V) at.a.dose of 0.4 mg / kg in rabbits. It significantly reduced the ,e*- l"u"i. oi calcium (Ca) magnesium (Mg) and selenium (Se). (p < 0.05) . Forty rabbits were involved in this study. The serum ca, Mg and Se levels were measured before and after giving histamine and following [e administration oi aqueous extract of medicinal plants Cumi'um cyminum (cumin), Thymus vulgaris (thyme) and Anthemis nobilis (chamomile). ^ The serum Ca, Mg and Se levels of were highly elevated after treatment with extract cumin or chamomile in rabbits pretreated with histamine, the resurts of ca were changed lrom 8.34+ 0.40 and 8.79+ 0,27 to 33.41+ 0.50 and 97.62 ! 7.2 1tg /dl respectively while that of Mg from 20.20+ 0.37 and 19.47+ 0.31 to 74.97+ 0.ii and 89.14+ 1.41 pg /dl where as the serum level of Se was changed from 137.9g+ 0.4g and 145 36 + 0.66 ro 302.69 ! 0.6g and 245.4r,' 0.g1 pg /direspectivery .All these results were significant at p<0.05. The aqueous extracts of cumin or chamomile were used orally at a dose of 1.5 gm /kg in rabbits to relieve the bronchospasm and symptoms of dyspnea induced iy histamine. These results indicated crearly the po*iuiiity of using these extracts flr patients with chronic asthma after the adjustment ofthe effective dose.

Some derivatives of triazoles have been synthesized . These derivatives (Schiff's bases) were resulted from the reaction of (3-( 4-methoxy phenyl)-4-amino-5 mercapto-1,2,4-triazole and the corresponding substituted benzaldehydes in presence of glacial acetic acid . The chemical structures of the products were characterized by IR and UV spectra, elemental analysis C.H.N and the biological activity were studied against different kinds of bacteria.

Exctract of Artemisia herba alba were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against Gram negative bacteria like E. coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus . The inhibitory effect in vitro was defined as the difference between the growth rate without herbs and the growth rate in the presence of an extract uses four solvent methanol , water , chloroform and acetone . The study revealed that methanole at concentration 16 mg most active against Gram negative bacteria like E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , followed by chloroform and then acetone and water extract