Kufa Journal of Arts

This research aims to study the spatial distribution of some air pollutants in the city of Hilla, which include falling dust, suspended particles, heavy elements (lead, nickel, cadmium, copper, iron) and hydrocarbons. The research concluded:

1- The research showed that the highest concentrations of dust falling spatially were in Al-Bakrli neighborhood, where the average was (184.69) mg / m2.

2- The research found that the highest concentration of suspended particles spatially was in Al-Sadr neighborhood, where the rate was (439.75) mg / m3.

3- The highest concentration of lead in the spatially falling dust was in the Military District, where it averaged (17.36) mg/m2.

4- As for the concentration of lead in the spatially suspended particles, it was in Al-Sadr neighborhood, where the average was (17.40) mg / m3.

The research aims to reveal the pictures of the geographical distribution of the rural settlements in the study area, as it was divided into the volumetric distribution and the density distribution of the settlements, as well as to reveal the patterns of the geographical distribution of the rural settlements, the extent of their concentration or spread, and to know the extent of the influence of geographical factors (natural and human). To achieve this, quantitative methods were used, namely Logarithmic transformation technique in the classification of size and density classes and the nearest neighbor connotation to detect distribution patterns in order to develop development plans and develop rural settlements. The GIS technique was used to measure distances based on satellite images of the study area as well as in mapping.

It became famous among people and proverbs circulated among them, taken from Qur’anic verses or parts of verses, so they were made, for example, to circulate among themselves in argumentation, persuasion, and influencing the other, on the condition that they agree and the event that represents it, so that representation does not lead to fragmentation of the text or dismantling the objective text unit, or the employment of the Qur’anic text is far from About the event to be represented, which makes this wrong employment of the Qur’anic phrase liable to be ridiculed or detract from the sanctity of the miraculous text.

There are many words in the course of proverbs in the Holy Qur’an, and their circulation is subject to several factors, the most important of which are: the cultural and cognitive level of the speaker, the extent of his ability to recall the Qur’anic repository he has, and how the word that goes in the course of proverbs is presented and understood by the recipient.

The commandment is one of the most important literary arts and educational methods, and it is packed with the essence of wisdom and experience, and since education is a basic plan for forming the building of the human personality and the right society, it occupies a large part of the contents of the commandments. The religious heritage, such as the Sunnah of the Prophet and the legacy of the imams, is not stripped of educational teachings, but is rather a wide arena for the reflection of these contents.

Water harvesting technology in Iraq is of great importance because of its role in the development of water and agricultural resources in it and the provision of water for various uses, due to what Iraq suffers from semi-arid climatic conditions and the lack of rainfall and the fluctuation of its fall between the years as well as the high temperatures that lead to higher operations Evaporation, bearing in mind that about half of the area of ​​Iraq consists of desert lands that suffer from water scarcity. Water harvesting technology has been applied in Iraq by various means, the most common of which is the construction of dams and reservoirs on rivers and valleys in various parts of Iraq, especially in desert areas. Water harvesting technology in Iraq faces some obstacles and problems, including natural obstacles, regulatory and administrative obstacles, and financing obstacles.

Cognitive research has produced, in all its aspects, a literary system of great dimensions that is understood through the contextual pattern in which the recipient is preoccupied, that vital, effective and always influential element in the text.

The research deals with an unpublished secret British report issued in 1908 AD on the history of the Senussi movement and its relations with local and international forces during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It is basically a collection of British military intelligence reports.

The research concluded with a satisfactory and sufficient definition of sin in language, idiomatically and in application of the linguistic and terminological differences of this concept. Then the research stopped at the Glorious Qur’an to stand on the proofs of the concept of sin in it, and tackled the study of the specific topic of research, which is Surat Al-Tawbah (Innocence). The research investigated the details of the types of sin as mentioned in the Holy Quran, especially in this blessed Surah, which was divided according to five criteria: quantitative, qualitative, essential, explicit, repentance.

There is no doubt that the stage of selecting and drafting the title is one of the most important stages of research writing, not only in the field of Arabic language and literature; Rather, in all fields of science, especially human ones, this was a reason for addressing it as a topic in this research, in addition to another reason that there is an urgent need and a scientific and practical reality that requires the academic researcher to delve into its essence (the title) and explore its depths and try to present everything that would contribute to Developing the university scientific research method ([i]).

The research sheds light on several axes to understand the subject of the study, and the most important of these axes can be summarized as follows:

First: the concept of the title in language and terminology.

Second: the importance of the title.

Third: Title attributes.

Fourth: Types of titles.

Fifth: The effect of the main title on the titles of the parts.

(Jar Allah Mahmoud bin Omar Al-Zamakhshari) was able to draw integrated dimensions of the Quranic metaphor, and he was rightly - in that - a pioneer of the pioneering stage of rooting this prominent landmark of Quranic rhetoric..... .

His pioneering and originality were distinguished by the fact that he was able to explore the depths of metaphor in general, and the Qur’anic metaphor in particular, expressing in that a blazing intelligence and rare linguistic prowess, as the artistic sense was not lacking. So in his dictionary (the foundation of rhetoric) was the encyclopedic scholar who reflects on the real and metaphorical connotations mentioned by the Arabs. It has between the eloquence of the compositions and its abundance.

His study of metaphor was general without resorting to its divisions, as if he wanted to reveal the phenomenon of evolution of metaphorical significance until the sixth century AH.

The British orientalist Dwight M. Donaldson (Dwight M. Donaldson), who wrote a serious study on the twelve imams (E) and the history of Shiism. His study, which he titled (the Shiite Religion), which was translated under the title The Shi’ite Creed, is one of the comprehensive early oriental studies of the life and biography of the twelve imams (E) and a study in geography of their shrines in the first half of the twentieth century.

Its summary is that the poet returns after an absence to God Almighty, complaining and obedient, begging for mercy for salvation, and asking about everything that happened in his previous and subsequent lives, and he sees that he was not given a chance in this life, and that he lost everything, so he returns comforting in God, knowing his ability, making everything that he has in abundance. A bid that should not be objected to, except that he resorted to the Hebrew book, not to Quranic text,I found in this evidence of a hidden question of the poet towards God Almighty. Al-Sayyab in all his poetry was inspired by myths and existential symbols, while his poetry did not greatly celebrate the laws of existence as a purely divine flow. This is not a flaw in the poet’s innate certainty, but rather an unjust deviation from it. A glory that the poet experienced in his life, which he ended oscillating between submission and submission, and between denial and objection Especially when he sees the manifestations of want, hunger and poverty in the faces of miserable people.
In these poems, which are called travels, despite the apparent surrender in them, the reader is immersed in this dramatic dialogue between the servant and his Lord, with this feeling that resembles the Sufi feeling, as the poet appears at the height of his connection with God, and with very complete simplicity, he dialogues with the dialogue of one who submits to fate and destiny, but he tries to touch This decree and fate have a meaning after it found spread among humans through illness and death. This dialogue is surrender after knowledge, and retreat after excessiveness. Symptoms.
On the other hand, calling more than one poem by the name “travels” has its justification on the level of subject matter and on the level of art. Al-Sayyab had benefited greatly from his cultural treasure in his poetry. In addition to his wonderful images, the meanings of virginity, and his wonderful, innovative music, he had observed in his readings the meanings of He used it in a striking way in his poetry, and in travel this intellectual, emotional, and cultural merging between the components of the poet’s consciousness is evident to produce a poetic text for us. There is a lot of fruitful critical talk in it

The research approaches levels that form the discourse of the imaginary within the network of internal and external relations in the text of the novel, by standing at the sum of the suffixes that support the fabric of the contemporary Arabic fictional text. Considering that these suffixes and parallel texts are implied speeches at one time and declared at other times; It contributes to the establishment of a kind of implicit acculturation media and mystical visions on the basis that the contemporary narrative discourse, in my estimation, is an elitist discourse that is directed towards researching the modalities of reception and interpretation, when parallel texts reach the achievement of a set of aesthetic, rhetorical and ideological outputs perceived by the act of reading and receiving among the intelligentsia.

Police work is not one of the dangerous jobs because of its importance, nature and objectives, and it requires its workers to possess special capabilities and skills, and this cannot be achieved unless the woman believes in the work she does and feels satisfaction and encouragement for her work from society. Psychological comfort, which consequently affects her family. From this vision, the current study was prepared to shed light on the extent to which the female component of the police achieved conviction, in terms of their satisfaction with the level of work and the future career, and satisfaction with the salary and job benefits.

After I completed, with God’s help and grace, my research stipulated (administrative control in the government of Imam Amir al-Mu’minin Ali (A)), I list below the most important results that I reached through research and investigation, as the administrative features in the thought of Imam Ali (A) and his management that the Messenger of God taught him (7).

The policy of Imam Ali (A) in all its details is a renewed policy suitable for every society and for every time, and we have sought as much as possible to return to our Islamic heritage that is full of bright models and creative ideas that are compatible with our social environment and with every environment and era to form a system of governance and administration that cannot be associated with any A system of modern systems because of its moral superiority over these systems without the need to import systems from various countries and cultures that have so far proven their shortcomings and lack in addressing cases of looting in our modern systems.

This paper deals with a phonological analysis of rhythm in Thomas Gray’s poetry. As such, the current study attempts to answer the following questions: a. what are the rhythmic patterns in Thomas Gray’s poetry? b. what is the role of rhythm in the construction of the poetic value in Thomas Gray’s poetry? Accordingly, this study aims to (1) identify the rhythmic patterns in Thomas Gray’s poetry; and (2) explicate the role of rhythm in the construction of the poetic value in Thomas Gray’s poetry. To achieve the aims of the study, the following procedures are adopted: a.reviewing literature on rhythm in phonological and poetic studies; b.using a model developed by this study to analyze the data under scrutiny which are represented by two poems randomly selected from Thomas Gray’s ones. It has been concluded that rhythm in Gray’s poetry is characterized by variation and effectiveness since it is not limited to one metering flow of feet. Additionally, deviations of stress in poetic rhythm are related to the general theme of the poem and the literary objective of the poet himself. This reflects changes in the mood of the poem.

This study deals with strategic maneuvering in selected political interviews from the pragmatic point of view represented by two interviews with: Cheney and Obama. It falls in five sections; section one is an introduction, section two provides a literature review on strategic maneuvering and the related pragmatic theories to the current study, section three is to develop a model for the process of strategic maneuvering analysis, section four is about the analysis of the data, and section five sums up the conclusions. The study attempts to investigate strategic maneuvering strategies and stages. To achieve such aims, a model is developed for the analysis of strategic maneuvering in the selected political interviews. The findings of the analysis verify the hypotheses represented by the process of strategic maneuvering stages, and strategies in the two selected political interviews.

It has been observed that vocabulary constitute an essential factor in foreign language learning. Learners of English language need to have command of a wide range of complex lexical units which are prefabricated as chunks of arranged patterns of phrases and words.

Biber, et al.(1999:991-992) define lexical bundles as '' recurrent expressions or sequences of three or more word forms that commonly go together in natural discourse''. They(ibid) add that ''lexical bundles can be regarded as building blocks that tend to be used frequently by different speakers in different situations''.They are retrieved and reprocessed as whole units which may not only enhance the accuracy and fluency of language, but also speed up language processing significantly.

The present study deals with the investigation of the role of teaching lexical bundles in the development of Iraqi EFL proficiency in the Department of English, Faculty of Arts, University of Kufa. The most important purpose of lexical bundles is creating discourse coherence which helps students tocommunicate and practice language with effective and successful facilities. The study attempts to answer the following questions:

1) Is the use of lexical bundles necessary and effective in enhancing and developing of Iraqi EFL?

2) What is the difference between students who are unaware and unfamiliar with the use of lexical bundles and those who are familiar and able to identify them?

The sample of the test consists of two types of questions (fill in the blanks 'production' and multiple choices 'recognition' ) and 40 students are selected randomly at the mentioned department. The participants are divided into two groups , each group with 20 students. The first group who are not aware how to use lexical bundles constructed the pre-test exam and the second group with 20 students done the post-test exam who are well constructed with the experience and knowledge of learning lexical bundles.

The findings of the analysis have shown that students(pre-test) at the level of production score high and low rates concerning noun phrase based bundles. Whereas at the level of recognition students face difficulty in the recognition of clauses. Here, phrases are recognized more than clause are. The post-test which is concerned with those students who have attended lexical bundles classes shows high rates of correct answers in the use of noun phrase, verb phrase, preposition phrase and it cleft clause at the level of production and recognition. Therefore, learning such multi word expressions can contribute to gaining effective proficiency in language communication and competence