Journal of Studies and Researches of Sport Education

The importance of this practical study came to know the effect of the Clausmayer model for students of the cognitive domain (contemplative and impulsive) in learning some skills in your technical gymnastics on a balance beam device in order to provide students with practical educational concepts that correspond to their cognitive methods in order to
communicate the skill and absorb it by the student. The research objectives were:
-Preparing an educational program to teach some of the motor skills on a balance beam device on and applying it in the CloseMayer model.
The most important conclusions were:
The educational program proposed by the researchers according to the approach of Clausmyer was effective in improving the level of skill movements under study for the two experimental groups (contemplative and impulsive) in different proportions.
And it was recommended:
-Adopting the educational program according to the style of Clausmeier when teaching
the skillful movements of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science.

The importance of research comes in the hands of wrestlers, players and trainers, an easy test to measure the tolerance of power and to know the progress of this ability between another period being the most important abilities in this game
The research objectives were:
1-Design and standardization of a test to measure the strength of the arms using the bag Bulgarian free wrestling.
2-find standards and standards to assess the strength of the arms using the bag Bulgarian free wrestling.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The test designed by the researcher is able to detect the level of tolerance of the arms of the junior wrestling free.
The research sample was divided into three ascending levels (average, good, very good).
The researcher recommended the adoption of the current test as a way to detect the level of strength of the arms of the free wrestlers.

The importance of the research to improve the performance of free throw, especially the method in which an important aspect of performance because there are two methods to perform free throw and emphasize the important method through appropriate exercises.
The research objectives were:
1-The development of exercises proposed according to the requirements of the method of free throw performance in the development of some of the variables Biomechanical accuracy and correction of basketball youth.
2- To identify the effect of the proposed exercises according to the requirements of the method of free throw performance in the development of some biomechanical variables and accuracy correction of basketball youth.
The researchers concluded: The exercises proposed according to the requirements of the method of free throw performance helped to develop some biomechanical variables and precision correction performance of the basketball youth.
The most important recommendations: The adoption of the proposed exercises according to the requirements of the method of free throw performance helped because they have a role in the development of some biomechanical variables and precision correction performance basketball youth.

And thus highlight the importance of research to promote the game of volleyball in the right way through learning the basic skills important according to the use of optimal training required and here we put scientific information on the role of this modern method to work in achieving the good results and advanced volleyball game.
The research objectives were:
1-the development of educational exercises in the style of learning by playing directly in learning some basic skills of volleyball for beginners students of Diyala.
2-To recognize the effect of the method of learning by playing directly in learning some of the basic skills of volleyball for beginners students of the education of Diyala.
The most important conclusions were
1-The method of (learning by direct play) has an impact on learning some basic skills of volleyball for junior students who represent the teams of education Basra.
It was recommended that:
1-Adopting the method of (learning by direct play) because of its influence in learning some basic skills of volleyball for junior students who represent the teams of education Basra.

The importance of research on the importance of Enmog (Bloom) in the method of learning technologically to learn the movements of the ground and thus put scientific information is informed according to the scientific method is true, however, the teacher on the role of this model in learning ground movements in the Gemnastic.
The aim of the research is to:
1-the development of educational exercises in accordance with the model (Bloom) of the method of technical learning in the learning of ground movements in the Gemnastic of students.
2-to recognize the effect of the model (Bloom) of the method of technical learning in the learning of ground movements in the Gemnastic for students.
The conclusions were of concern.
1-Bloom model of the method of technical learning in the learning of some basic skills on the ground movements has achieved the objectives of directing the technical examination of the students and learning the duration.
2-Bloom model of the method of technical learning techniques that reduce the psychological situation in performance and reduce fear and increase the courage to perform.
It was recommended to adopt the "Bloom" model of the method of technical learning in learning some basic skills in the field of ground movements has achieved its objectives to produce a technical examination of the students and learning the duration.

The importance of the research to emphasize the importance of the method of teaching the students with the material Gymnastic in the effectiveness of ground movements on the rug according to the program of skipping program that helps the student to choose the most appropriate exercises according to the response enjoyed by the student and thus may contribute to the right learning.
The research objectives were:
1-Develop the linear program in learning some basic skills on the ground movements in the technical gymnastics of female students.
2-To recognize the impact of the linear program in learning some basic skills on the ground movements in the technical gymnastics of female students.
The most important conclusions:
1-Linear program in learning some basic skills on the ground movements has achieved the objectives of directing the technical examination of the students and learning the duration.
2-Give the student the freedom to choose the response required of multiple possibilities that highlight his energy in the implementation of the duty of the exercise from the exercises.
The researcher recommended:
1-Adopting the linear program in learning some basic skills on the surface of the ground movements because it achieved its objectives by directing the technical examination of the students and learning the duration.
2-The student should be given the freedom to choose the response required of multiple possibilities because they highlight his energy in the implementation of the duty assigned by the exercises set.

Research objective:
1-Preparing a counseling centered curriculum for some physical education teachers in the Erbil Governorate Center.
2-Knowing the effect of the guiding curriculum in reducing professional pressures for some physical education teachers in the Erbil Governorate Center. The researchers assumed that: - There is an effect of the counseling-centered approach to reducing professional pressure for some physical education teachers in the Erbil governorate center.
As for the human field, it included some physical education teachers in the Erbil Governorate Center. The temporal field began in the period from 12/23/2017 to 01/30/2018.
The researchers used the following statistical methods: - (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, (t) test for one sample with pre and post test).
In light of the results obtained by the two researchers, the following main conclusions were reached: -
1-The guiding curriculum had a distinct role in acquiring basic information about the guiding programs and their topics related to guiding centered guidance.
2-The positive impact of the counseling program is due to the role of the program’s content in increasing attention, focus, self-confidence, relaxation, emotional control, building his personality, and facing the problems and pressures that the teacher is exposed to during the work, i.e. (pressures of the nature of work).
3- It showed significant differences between the pre and post tests of the first experimental group (the guidance centered on the guide) and in favor of the post test in the stress of the nature of the work.
According to the findings of the two researchers, they recommend the following: -
1- Preparing and applying instructional curricula and paying attention to the role of counseling in a sober and scientific way to address many psychological phenomena that teachers suffer from in schools.
2- Benefiting from the counseling-centered mentoring strategies as a preventive and guiding method for teachers in reducing occupational stresses.
3-Interest in conducting other similar studies on other samples from teachers and in other specialties so that we can learn more about the effectiveness of the program used to reduce professional pressure among teachers.

The importance of research is evident through the scientific and research information that we provide on how to achieve the achievements of the basketball game and the role of appropriate and targeted exercises as well as the best way to codify the required stresses and thus we have contributed to the improvement of the basketball game for applicants.
The most important research objectives were:
1-Identify the effect of a proposed proposed exercise according to my method of legalizing intensity on some types of muscle strength and offensive skill for advanced basketball players.
The following was concluded:
1-The exercises used and the strengths codified with both types helped effectively to develop the strength marked by speed and to develop into some basic offensive skills in basketball.
2-The maximum intensity is better in developing the force characterized by the velocity than the loads below it and this is an indication that this ability can be developed only in the degrees of maximum load.
And it was recommended:
1-Adoption of the exercises used and the codification of the stresses used helped effectively to develop the strength marked by speed and to develop into some basic offensive skills in basketball

The importance of research in advancing the sport of swimming, especially chest swimming, came in the right way by learning the basic skills according to the appropriate exercise, which is the mental exercise and the style of the educational bag through which we put scientific information for trainers and teachers on how to teach this event.
The research objectives were:
1- Preparing mental exercises according to the educational bag method in learning basic skills in chest swimming.
2-Knowing the effect of mental exercises according to the educational bag method in learning basic skills in chest swimming.
The most important conclusions were:
1- Applying mental exercises and applying it in the educational bag style has an effect on learning basic skills in chest swimming.
2-Mental exercises and codification according to the method used to have a direct impact on teaching basic skills in chest swimming for beginners.
It was recommended:
1-Adopting mental exercises and applying it in the style of the educational bag because of its effect on learning basic skills in chest swimming.
2-It is necessary to choose and codify mental exercises according to the method used because of its direct impact on teaching basic skills in chest swimming for beginners.

The objective of the study was to identify the effect of the use of the Colb model for the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad,As well as to identify the differences between the research groups in the remote tests in learning skills using the model Colb.The researcher used the experimental method and included the sample of the research on the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science / University of Baghdad by drawing lots, the third division (j) was chosen to represent the experimental group,And the third division (c) to represent the control groupafter the distribution of the sample splitting measure according to the Colb model, the sample was divided into four groups of experimental groups (third (j), 7 (female students), 6 (female students) and third group (c) (7) Students).The researcher used statistical package for social sciences (spss) to address the results of his research,The researcher reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is that the Colb method has a positive effect on learning some of the technical skills of the gymnastic as well as the positive effect of the style followed by the school material, but the preference was for the Colb method.

The importance of the research comes to raising the level of learning basic skills with handball and communicating the scientific information to the teacher and the student about the goals and how to apply the method of inclusion, as one of the advantages of this method is its contribution to investing time in physical education lesson optimally so as to provide the greatest degree of repetition and practice of the skills allocated within the curriculum.
The most important research objectives were:
1-Knowing the effect of using the inclusion method in managing physical education lesson time and learning and retaining some basic skills in handball.
The most important conclusions were:
1-The method of inclusion (containment) is the most time-consuming investment in the physical education course for middle school students in the middle class.
2-The two methods used include inclusion and traditionalism in students' learning of some basic skills of handball under study.
It was recommended:
1-Using the inclusion method (containment) more widely in physical education lessons, as a result of his contribution to increasing student participation during the lesson and his success in learning basic skills with the hand under study.
2- The use of inclusion in other school stages for both sexes and other games, after the positive results that appeared when using it

Importance of research :The importance of research has emerged in the recognition of the psychological propaganda secretions in the behavior of players
Research Objectives: Building a measure of psychological advertising on football players league in Iraq (excellent, first)
Conclusions: The Psychological Propagation Scale is an independent tool that measures the impact of psychological propaganda on football players in the Iraqi league (the Premier League) for the central and southern regions
Recommendations: The interest of sports institutions (clubs in particular) in the psychological rehabilitation of the football player and the development of personal qualities good for him and urge not to be affected by psychological propaganda

The antioxidant activity of Inula graveolens L. methanolic extract could be attributed to its higher content of both phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assessment the possible effect of methanolic extract of Inula graveolens L. plant as an improvement of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status in track and field male athletes. Levels of enzymatic, non-enzymatic antioxidants and other general biomarkers were determined in serum and urine before (D0) and after (D30) supplementation of 400 mg of MEIG or placebo once at day for 30 day in elite group. This study showed increased significantly (P < 0.01) in the levels of vitamines A, E and C with compared to placebo group. On the other hand, no significant variation was seen in the levels of CAT, GRx, and SOD activities was disclosed; whereas, such was not the case as regards glutathione peroxidase (GPx). This enzyme activity decreased during the placebo period (p < 0.05) while remaining unaltered throughout the MEIG intake period. Same table reflect that the CK activity reached 686 ± 1.5 and 470 ± 1.4 (U/L) after placebo and MEIG periods, respectively (P < 0.01). Furthermore, data obtained, was shown that during placebo supplementation, urinary excretion of isoprostanes was markedly increased, disclosing thereby, an increase in oxidative injury and inflammation (1.29 ± 0.11 vs 1.75 ± 0.18 ng/mg creatinine at D0 and D30, respectively; p < 0.05). Such an increase did not appear during the MEIG supplementation (1.35 ± 0.12 vs 1.37 ± 0.13 ng/mg at D0 and D30, respectively). Finally, no significant difference on cholesterol and triglycerides was evidenced whatever the period (placebo or MEIG). Regardless of the capsule content the athletes had, no modification of urea concentration was observed; whereas, ferritin concentration was significantly reduced in both cases. Also, Hb concentration was not modified in the placebo group; however, MEIG supplementation increased Hb concentration, as opposed to placebo intake, respectively (12.8 ± 0.3 vs 12.6 ± 0.2 g/dL, p < 0.05).

The importance of the research comes in experimenting with the complex training method in which weights and weight exercises are combined together, because they have a role in developing the strength that is characterized by speed and that affects the field of basketball game, especially when offensive skill performance, and thus we will put scientific information in the hands of our coaches that can be used according to the scientific method in addition to a statement The role and importance of the training tools that will be made according to what this training method needs and the specificity of the basketball game, and so we have contributed to raising the level of sport in our country, especially the basketball game.
The most important research objectives were
1-Identify the effect of complex training according to the competitive form in developing the distinctive speed and some offensive skills of young basketball players.
The following was concluded:
1-The combined training method has a major role in developing the level of strength, which is characterized by speed (arms and legs) for young basketball players.
It was recommended:
1-Adopting exercises with a combined training method to develop the distinguished strength of speed for young basketball players.

The research included five sections: The first section includes: The importance of research: The importance of research on the importance of supervision, especially financial control, which has a relationship and association with all the activities of sports institutions. Hence, the researcher has to present this study which addresses the financial situation suffered by these sports institutions. Research on the weakness of financial control or its disappearance in many cases and the absence of a special questionnaire or criteria based on scientific basis to assess the level of financial control of the administrative bodies of sports clubs sponsoring the game of boxing from the point of view of the governing bodies of sports clubs in the region N Central and South America. As a target search: 1. Building a special questionnaire to financial control and administrative bodies in sports clubs 2. Measuring the level of financial control in sports clubs sponsor boxing from the perspective of administrators in these clubs.
The second section included theoretical studies and related topics related to financial control.
The third section included the following: Research Methodology: Therefore, the researcher used the descriptive method in the survey method. The research sample was chosen as individuals members of the administrative bodies in the clubs sponsoring the boxing in the central and southern region. They were (260) The fifth section, which included the most important conclusions: The application sample has evaluated the clubs sponsoring the boxing in the financial control according to the levels of the questionnaire and in the order where the distribution of the sample was as follows: The highest value of the administrative personnel was within a good level, Make up (38,461) and then the average level (38), they constitute 36,538, followed by an acceptable level (18), they also constitute 17,307, then weak (8), they constitute (7,692) The researcher recommended the following: 1 - work on financial control intensively on the basis that it is the basis or the largest role in all violations and deviations that occur during the administrative work 2 - provide material and moral support by the Ministry and the Olympic Committee and sub-associations and central clubs sponsoring the boxing, Which has limited income so that it can keep pace with clubs with high financial income.

Body levers are a major determinant of athletic skill. The length of a particular part of the body may increase the length of the resistance arm, which requires greater flexibility in the spine. It can bring the center of mass of the body mass closer to the center of rotation in the rotational movements of the player Whether the center of rotation inside or outside the body (imaginary axis, the real axis) and the real axis here is the device of the mind, which works to maintain the player to touch the center of mass body mass of the device during the performance of smooth motor. The negative factor in this performance is the bending and extension of the joints of the body in which the center of the weight of the mass of the body during the performance and this proves the importance of research in the researcher to know the impact of infrared radiation after the kinetic changes during the motor performance of a series of motor on the machine mind, The question is whether muscle agility and muscle flexion affect the technical performance of the brain. After inquiring about this question, he found that there is no instructor using this radiation before the training unit.

The two researchers touched on the importance of the planning performances in the skill of receiving the transmitter, because of its great impact in keeping pace with the development skillfully attack and turn the defensive work into offensive and get a poin. The problem of the search was represented by a clear weakness in the schematic performances of the skill of receiving the transmission of most of the Iraqi teams, which is not consistent with the different types of transmission to the competing teams, which causes the loss of many of the break points .The researchers used the experimental method, while the sample of the research consisted of (20) players from the two clubs (Mudaina&Bahri) athletes .

The various sports organizations considered to be the interface of the sports community towards better performance, in which the performance of individuals is the basis and the cornerstone for the strength of the performance of these organizations, which operate within the systematic and organized institutional framework and governed by rules and nature of work with the disabled.
This study seeks to reveal the most serious obstacles facing the institutional work of the disabled sport in Syrian Arab Republic according to the staff point of view.
The study investigated the obstacles in the administrative, financial, social and technical fields.
The study concluded that regulations and legislation are the most influential obstacles in the administrative field. The lack of incentives is the first obstacle in the financial field; the social culture is the most influential obstacle in the social field, the lack of specialized staff is the hardest obstacle in the technical field.

The aim of this research is to identify: the effect of psychological exercises on reducing attention deficit according for third stage students . The effect of reducing distraction and the use of means in development(front and back ground impact) .the researchers used the experimental approach, the research sample was represented by third stage students . the most important conclusions- exercise has a positive effect in reducing distraction . the use of assistive devices has had an effective positive effect on the development of the tennis for female students . – the combination of psychological exercises and assistive devices plays a positive role in the development of the skills of the frontal impact tennis for third stage students .the curriculumwhich was applied to the control group has a positive effect on the development of the skill of the ground
strike vinegar tennis ball. Recommendations – the use of psychological exercises because of their importance in reducing distraction –the need to develop attention because of its importance in developing the basic skills of tennis – the use of the aids used in the research for their importance in developing the basic skills of tennis

Research objective: The research aims to design a proposed psychological guidance program to manage psychological stress cognitively using relaxation methods and to identify its effect on volleyball players - sitting for the physically disabled. Research methodology and field procedures: The researcher used the experimental method in his study. The intentional method was adopted in selecting the research sample and the community members, numbering (25) volleyball players - sitting for the sports season (2017-2018), were identified. The research sample was divided into two experimental groups (11) players and a control group (10) players. It also included procedures for applying psychological stress measurement for them, as well as the steps for designing a psychological guidance program to manage psychological stress cognitively using relaxation methods for them. The program was implemented on the experimental group and post-measurements were taken and compared with the control group. The most important conclusions: 1- The proposed approach to managing psychological stress using relaxation methods designed by the researcher has a clear effect in developing the reduction of psychological stress among players. 2- The results of the experimental and control groups in the post-tests showed that the proposed approach is more effective than the regular approach in developing the psychological state of volleyball players. Sitting for the disabled. The most important recommendations: 1- Adopting the guidance approach proposed by the researcher to reduce the psychological stress of players due to its importance and effectiveness in managing their psychological stress. 2- Paying attention to developing the psychological skills of the disabled due to its great impact on their private and public lives and self-esteem.

The university has a sports curriculum to enable students to participate in sports tournaments, including indoor soccer tournaments, in which students participate and exert maximum physical, psychological and skillful effort to achieve victory through competitive behavior. There is a need for self-expression that drives the individual to grow and improve. The importance of the research lies in revealing the competitive behavior and physical self of students participating in sports activities. The objectives of the research were: Identifying the relationship between attitudes towards physical self and competitive behavior among indoor soccer players at the University of Basra. The most important conclusions: There is a negative moral correlation between attitudes towards physical self and competitive behavior among indoor soccer players at the University of Basra. The most important recommendations: Paying attention to the psychological aspect and caring for players and enhancing self-confidence and self-esteem.

The research problem is represented in the low level of achievement of junior fencing players due to the weak use of learning methods in their correct form, and the reliance of some coaches on some educational methods that do not match the development in the game of fencing. The researcher used the experimental method on a sample of (24) players, and the sample was divided into three equal groups, each group consisting of (8) players. The researcher will conduct some physical and skill tests in fencing, and the results will be processed using some statistical methods, in order to reach some important conclusions and recommendations for junior fencing players.

Volleyball is a team game that requires a high level of physical and skill capabilities, so workers must be very interested in how to link and integrate between them, especially when teaching juniors. The research problem lies in learning the skills of sending and handling from below, which are real means of implementing plans, and without them the team cannot perform offensively or defensively in the required manner. Therefore, the researcher wanted to know the extent of learning the two skills among players in the specialized school. The research aims to: 1- Identify the effect of the educational curriculum for teaching the skills of sending and handling from below and retaining them among the research sample. 2- Identify the amount of retention and development rates in the skills of sending and handling from below and retaining them among the research sample. 3- Identify the physical requirements after learning the skills by the research sample Research procedures: The researcher used the experimental method that is appropriate for the problem, and physical and skill tests were identified that are appropriate for the sample and at the ages of 10-12 years of juniors in the specialized school affiliated with the National Center for the Care of Sports Talent, whose number is 20 Players were randomly selected and divided into two groups, control and experimental, with (8) players for each group. Exploratory experiments were conducted on (4) players. The most important conclusions of the researcher are: 1- There is an effect of the educational curriculum in learning the skills of sending and handling from below and maintaining them in volleyball for the sample. 2- The researcher's use of follow-up tests had a positive effect in identifying the players' level and also the trainers' level of training and the extent of their delivery of information in an accurate manner to the players. The most important recommendations are: 1- Relying on competent and practical trainers when training juniors because this has a positive effect on the success of learning. 2- Following up on the players' performance during the training period is an important thing for the players to know their level and thus increases their ability to learn.

The research problem was revealed through the researcher's modest experience as a player, coach and specialist in sports affairs. He noticed that most Iraqi coaches are ignorant of the use of exercises that require a high level of coordination, speed and high agility. If they exist, they do not meet the purpose or goal imposed on them due to the lack of creating a competitive atmosphere during training, the players' lack of awareness of them and their lack of adaptation to performing such exercises with high intensity with great mastery of the skillful performance of the movements. The study aimed to: 1- Know the effect of the training program for Sakio training on the research variables (neuromuscular coordination, speed, fast and explosive power) and for the research sample. The researcher used the experimental method using the equivalent group method to suit it in solving the research problem and achieving its goals. The research sample was chosen intentionally and included the players present at the National Center for Talented Boxers in Basra for the year 2017-2018. The sample was limited to boxers in the youth category and weighing (55 kg). The number of boxers was (4) and they represented 35% of the original community. The researchers in this study included physical tests (the speed-characterized strength test for the arms, the motor speed test for the arms, and the eye-arm coordination test). The researchers used statistical methods represented by the SPSS statistical program, and through this, the researchers reached the following important conclusions: 1- The training program was effective in causing positive changes through the results of all post-tests for the research sample. 2- The Sakio training has a significant impact on developing the level of neuromuscular coordination, motor speed, and speed-characterized strength for the muscles of the arms and legs. The researchers also recommend: 1- Emphasizing the use of Sakio training. 2- The necessity of urging trainers to develop their scientific capabilities in a way that serves the specialization.

The researcher confirmed in her current research to conduct a study to analyze the most important aspects and creative procedures in the management of institutional clubs by the responsible administrative bodies in Baghdad Governorate and according to the available capabilities under the current circumstances and to reach positive results in a different way and with creative and innovative ideas, as the administrative creativity scale was prepared and the level of the administrative bodies of these clubs in this field was identified, as the researcher used the descriptive approach with survey studies and correlational relationships, and the research community was determined in the intentional way, which consists of institutional sports clubs, the number of which was (14) clubs with a community of approximately (110) members of the administrative body of these clubs. After the scale forms were distributed to the sample and filled out by them, the forms were collected and statistical operations were conducted on their results through the use of the SPSS statistical program, as the researcher reached a conclusion that the members of the administrative bodies of the Iraqi institutional clubs in Baghdad did not have administrative creativity at the required level, as it became clear that the direction of work is within a pre-prepared systematic routine under circumstances that may be It is inconsistent with what is current, in addition to the fact that there is a clear absence of motives and incentives supporting administrative creativity. The study recommended applying the scale to other samples in other fields and clubs periodically so that it would be a reference for improving and developing work. The researcher also recommended emphasizing collective creativity and interaction in exchanging information, adopting new proposals, and expressing freedom of opinion in creative ideas, with a focus on surveying the opinions of all beneficiaries to develop the work of these clubs.

The importance of the research came in creating a suitable training atmosphere for age groups, especially juniors, by building scientifically standardized training units that contain manufactured training devices and means that bring enjoyment to those age groups in continuing training without stopping and progressing to achieve the required training goals. In addition, we will build a basic foundation in the formations of advanced teams from Iraqi basketball teams that help in the advancement of basketball in our country. The objectives of the research were: 1- Manufacturing training devices and means to develop the offensive skill performance of juniors in basketball. 2- Developing special exercises according to those manufactured training devices and means to develop the development of offensive skill performance. 3- Identifying the results of the differences between the pre- and post-tests of the control and experimental groups in developing the offensive skill performance of junior basketball players. 4- Identifying the results of the differences in the post-tests between the control and experimental groups in developing the offensive skill performance of junior basketball players. The most important conclusions: The proposed exercises on the manufactured devices and tools have developed some of the offensive skills under study. It was recommended to: Adopt the exercises applied to the training devices and means Manufacturer for players to raise the offensive skill level in junior basketball.

Every sport is characterized by the need to develop one or some basic physical qualities that distinguish it from other sports. Therefore, we see that some sports need to develop the quality of speed at the expense of a number of physical qualities, while we see that other sports require the development of one or two qualities at the expense of strength. Therefore, we notice that the quality of muscle strength plays a major role in many sports and sports activities, especially in football, in which performance is based mainly on the players possessing the quality of explosive strength of the legs to a large extent, as this quality represents a key to playing and an opportunity to advance in achievement if its practitioners possess it.