Ibn Al-Haitham Journal For Pure and Applied Sciences

Excessive use of pesticides has led to increasing concern about undesirable effects on human health and the environment. Imidacloprid is an internationally used neonicotinoid insecticide due to its significant toxicity to insects. Its residues may reach the food chain, which is important for examining the potentially harmful properties of imidacloprid exposure. The current study aimed to characterize the histopathological effects of imidacloprid on the liver of male rabbits.


The Imidacloprid administration daily at the two chronic oral doses of (45 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg, daily) for 37 days. Treated male rabbits groups for treatment concentrations revealed many histopathological changes in the liver, such as congestion of blood vessels, hemorrhage, inflammation, ballooned hepatocytes, steatosis, infiltration, vasodilatation, necrosis and fibrosis. The study results established that Imidacloprid was significantly worse in specific organs in the digestive system (liver) of male rabbits.

In this paper, a solar concentrator is designed in the form of a concave half-cylindrical mirror consisting of polygonal reflective surface plates. The plates are arranged to give a hemispherical shape to the design. These surfaces work to receive solar radiation and focusing by reflecting it to the receiver that is placed in front of the reflecting surfaces. The results are compared with a system consisting of a concave reflecting surface of the same dimensions to obtain a good criterion for evaluating the design performance. The results showed a low acceptance angle for the design for all the samples used due to the geometrical design nature. The optical efficiency affected by the angle of incidence greatly by all the samples used, which differ in the concentration ratio, width and location of the receiver.

The present work has been characterized by higherorder modes in the cavities of the Gyrotron; they are capable of producing RF plasma by developments of it. It uses for fusion systems. We choosethe TE31,8 mode in our study. The main problem of gyrotron isthe deviceof the thermal cavity loading. The problem of the thermal loadingis solved when any parasitic modes suppress, absence of desired modes; the thermal loading is increased when the high power tube of gyrotron operationis unstable. The mathematical interaction model contains equationsthat describe the electron motion and the field profiles of the transferredelectric modes of the resonator, these are interacting with electrons based on the finite difference methodthat has been designed to study the starting current, the frequency, quality factor and calculates the roots ofthe Bessel function bythe program we designed in Fortran language.They are used to calculate the operation frequency. Good agreementis between our results andthe previous published resultsboth confirm the accuracy of theperformance of the designed program

We focus on studying the dynamics of bulksemiconductoroptical amplifiers and their effects on the saturation region for shortpulse that differ, however there is the same unsaturated gain for both dynamics. Parameters like current injection, fast dynamics present by carrier heating (CH), and spectra hole burning (SHB) are studied for regions that occur a responseto certain dynamics. The behavior of the saturation region is found to be responsible for phenomena such as recovery time and chirp for the pulse under study

The new, standard molecular biologic system for duplicating DNA enzymatically devoid of employing a living organism, like E. coli or yeast,represents polymerases chain reaction (PCR). This technology allows an exponential intensification of a minor quantity of DNA molecule several times. Analysis can be straightforward with more DNA available.A thermal heat cycler performs a polymerization chain reaction that involves repeated cycles of heating and cooling the reactant tubes at the desired temperature for each reaction step. A heated deck is positionedontheupper reaction tube to avoid evaporating the reaction mixture (normally volumes range from 15 to 100 l per tube), or anoil layer can be placed on a reaction mixture surface.The amplified DNA fragment is determined based on selecting primers in addition to the starting and end of the DNA fragment. The primers stand for short, artificial DNA stripes, no higher than fifty (typically 18-25bp) nucleotides have been based on a starting and ending of DNA fragment to be amplified. DNA-polymerase connects and starts a new DNA strand synthesisThe PCR products can be visualized by dual foremost methods: (1) staining of the product of DNA amplified by a chemical dye like bromide ethidium, or (2) marking of fluorescent dyes (fluorophores) PCR primers or nucleotides before amplification of PCRs.PCR offers some benefits. First, it is a simple method of understanding and using and quick results. It has an extremely sensitive technology withthepotential for sequencing, cloning,and analyzing millions or milliards of copies of aparticular product.

In this paper, the concept of soft closed groups is presented using the soft ideal pre-generalized open and soft pre-open, which are ????????????????-ᶅ-????????????-????-closed sets \"????ᶅ????????-closed\", Which illustrating several characteristics of these groups. We also use some games and ????????????????????????????-????????????????Separation Axiom, such as Şᶃ(Ʈ0,Ӽ, ᶅ) thatuse many tables and charts to illustrate this. Also, we put some proposals to study the relationship between these games and give some examples

This paper develop conventional Runge-Kutta methods of order four and order five to solve ordinary differential equations with oscillating solutions. The new modified Runge-Kutta methods (MRK) contain the invalidation of phase lag, phase lag’s derivatives, and amplification error. Numerical tests from their outcomes show the robustness and competence of the new methods compared to the well-known Runge-Kutta methods in the scientific literature

Let????????????be any group with identity element (e) . A subgroup intersection graph of a subset????????????is the Graph with V (ᴦ????????(????????????)) =????????????-e andtwo separate peaks c and d contiguous for c and d if and only if |〈????〉∩〈????〉|>1, Where 〈????〉isa Periodic subset of ????????????resulting from ????∈????????????.We find some topological indicators in this paper andMulti-border (Hosoya and Schultz) ofᴦ????????(????????????), where ????≥2,????>1,????is aprime number

Thisarticle will introduce a new iteration method called the zenali iteration method for the approximation of fixed points. We show that our iteration process is faster than the current leading iterations likeMann, Ishikawa,Noor, D-iterations, and ????*-iterationfor new contraction mappings called ????????????−quasi contraction mappings. And we proved that all these iterations (Mann, Ishikawa,Noor, D-iterations and ????*-iteration) equivalent to approximate fixed points of ????????????−quasi contraction. We support our analytic proof by a numerical example, data dependence result for contraction mappings type ????????????by employing zenali iteration also discussed.

In this paper, we used the maximum likelihood estimation method to find the estimation values forsurvival and hazard rate functions of the Exponential Rayleigh distribution based on a sample of the real data for lung cancer and stomachcancer obtained from the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment, Department of Medical City,Tumor Teaching Hospital,depending on patients' diagnosis records and number of days the patient remains in the hospital until his death

The significanceofthe work is to introducethe new class of open sets, whichis said Ǥ-????????-open set with some of properties. Thenclarify how to calculate the boundary area for these sets usingthe upper and lower approximationand obtain the best accuracy

In this paper, Bayes estimators for the shape and scale parameters of Weibull distributionhave been obtained using thegeneralized weighted loss function,based on Exponential priors. Lindley’s approximation has been used effectively in Bayesian estimation. Based on theMonte Carlo simulation method, those estimators are compared depending on the mean squared errors (MSE’s

The brain's magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is tasked with finding the pixels or voxels that establish where the brain is in a medical image The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can process curved baselines that frequently occur in scanned documents. Next, the lines are separated into characters. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) can process curved baselines that frequently occur in scanned documents case of fonts with a fixed MRI width, the gaps are analyzed and split. Otherwise, a limited region above the baseline is analyzed, separated, and classified. The words with the lowest recognition score are split into further characters x until the result improves. If this does not improve the recognition score, contours are merged and classified again to check the change in the recognition score. The features for classification are extracted from small fixed-size patches over neighboring contours and matched against the trained deep learning representations this approach enables Tesseract to easily handle MRI sample results broken into multiple parts, which is impossible if each contour is processed separately Hard to read! Try to split sentences. The CNN inception network seemsto be a suitable choice for the evaluation of the synthetic MRI samples with 3000 features, and 12000 samples of images as data augmentation capacities favors data thatis similar to the original training set and thus unlikely to contain new information content with an accuracy of 98.68%. The error is only 1.32% with the increasing the number of training samples, but the most significant impact in reducing the error can be made by increasing the number of samples