Journal of Arabic Language and Literature

Philosophical hermonticus, represented by Hedger, called to free linguistic from the positive vision that made it a subject for the logical representative, and to direct attention to its ontological and historical dimension which involve another type of understanding that could not be founded by a deep structure in or beyond the linguistic surface, it is a confession that linguistic is a depth without surface, it takes the language existence and the human existence and all life aspects, where language does not has an independent existence, it is unified with thought, world, history and the particles that are founded by language as a living experience, so it became a way to recognize language, ant to reveal the human experience in world; scientific, technical and historical, where it proves the linguistic feature as a base for existence and understanding, which, in its turn, proves that language is a field of understanding and interpretation, and that its understanding comes from a previous conception of the human existence to give it a managing feature that could not reveal its reality as well as the reality of its function in life.

Hysteron and Proteron represent one of the rhetorical means that the two explainers (Al-FaKher Al-Razy and Scholar Al-Tabataba'i) had used in their explanations to get the hidden meaning of the holy Qura'nic verses and their unique miracle. The two explainers are agreed upon using this rhetorical method in their analyses, yet they have different treatment, so there aresimilarity and difference points. This helps in understanding range which this style occupied in the explanations ofAl-FaKher Al-Razy and Scholar Al-Tabataba'i. In generalhysteron and proteron had gone into two directions; in the first hysteron and proteron was subject the grammatical rules and systems, while in the second it followed the meaning in the general significance.

The poetry of Saiyed Mohammed JawadAl_hakeem is full of a lot of images ..And these Images are considering the attitude of the poet..and explaining his loyalty to Ahlulbayt(pbut).
The poetical image of this poet contains the most known features of the poetical image and well recognized items giving his poems an attractive form as well..
These poetical images were too recommended ,good valuable, and almost necessary for the poems.

Music helps in elevating the aesthetic aspect of poetry and makes it affecting the receiver by achieving the private rhythm for the poetic structure. This organized rhythm represents the integral stage of selecting the terms and using it within different linguistic structures to achieve the aimed meaning. These linguistic structures organized within musical forms with the highest degree of organizing allowed by language within a discipline area to secure the aesthetic effect with different rate according to these condition and organizations. In order to show this musical aspect, the research attempts to follow the external rhythm in a number of the poems that are named (Al-Milookiyat= Royal) for Al-Jewahery to study its nature that included a linguistic collection devoted to praising kings for a long time and to follow up the associated musical aspects.
The research includes an introduction, deals with rhythm and its importance, a preface, tackles Al-Milookiyat and the persons whom they praised, then the research text which studies the external rhythm( rhyme and meter) of these poems and the conclusion that carries the most important results of the research. The bibliography is the last step of this research.

All changes in the cultural environment can certainly influence and change the literary production. This is the central hypothesis of my article upon which I examinethe poetic system and its development according to a new cultural vision that began increasingly impact life in the early decades of the twentieth century.
The transformations that influenced Arabic literature and thought had been extremely vast and complicated. Therefore, I limited my article to one of its manifestations which is the status of women. This topic has not been approached widely from cultural viewpoint.
The article deals with Iraqi Poetry in 1940s and 1950s for applied purposes. The reason for focusing on this period is that the essential transformations in the cultural system had been completed. In fact, the poets of this period had been more than writers who produce poems, instead, they had been dynamic actors in the intellectual environment. They were dreamers in their great courageousefforts. This article is to honor and acknowledge their efforts by examining their cultural activities and poems.

BadrShakir al-Sayyabis one of thenoted contemporary rural poet who has been attracted by civil life, and this was because of the condition that led them to seek refuge to that tumultuous atmosphere forcingly or willinglyand the contemporerary content of his poems started to change along with his conditions and influenced by his environment. And the village had its own effect indeed. As his poems were limited just to that environment which crystallized his youth with its deserts and landscapes and lands that buried his mother within it.
He could not forget his great interest in village Jikorin spite of his migration to city, Baghdad, so that the conflict between village and city was distinctive in his poems. When He tried to come back to Jikor, the citywhich once was an effective reason in his public emotions in seriousrefusal to that wondering life without being mixed in his poems kept him away. And he remained homesick to that pure rural atmosphere until he passed away in his early age.
This study that trusted its plan on descriptive method which aimed to search in Alsayyab`s poems which adapted its contents from rural at mosphere and extracting the result in its literary shape and removing duplicity between city and village. The most important thing from this study is proving continuos conflict in Sayyab`s poems between city and village through showing examples containing that form and its analysis.

The exaggeration is considered one of the terms that interpreters depended on to understand the Koran text ,they realized its importance in the Koran text ,therefore ,I wanted to offer their efforts in explain the concept of exaggeration that they have and its impact in interpretation of the text .
I abbreviated my study to the grammatical composition in order to focus on accretion places to be away from ambiguity of thoughts and the variety of demands ,at the most important of these results are : the deep meaning of the word exaggeration depends on the increase and this content was used by linguists and specialists of the morphology and grammarians and even the Koran interpreters and the aim form this increase is to strengthen the meaning and reach to its ends ,this content conforms with the events that were described with exaggeration such as praise or vituperating or threat or berate because they need description which is according to events

Text thresholds have significance in comprehending the uniqueness of literary texts for we cannot travel among the different spaces of the literary text without going through its various thresholds. Thresholds refer to the marks that are considered entrances to the literary texts, which are not meaningful without the text. Such thresholds are the cover of a novel, its title, titles of chapters, and introductions, which are all elements that lead the reader throughout the novel and contributes to his/her interpretation of the text.
The study constitutes of three sections and an introduction that defines the threshold. It is followed by a conclusion that sums the important results and a list of sources. The first section tackled the main title, the second discussed the introductory threshold, and the third studied the internal titles.
Al-Fartoosi could set a writing style of his own through all the thresholds of his novel (Iron era), unique style, exotic view towards life its different issues. His style combined imagination with reality, known as science fiction, which he used to imply his message that refused used the oppression used by the some governments.

There is no doubt that the Andalusian nature may have affected the mood of the poet and his thinking and feelings, they are inspiring Almahawkh which fascinated poet Vham beauty breathtaking, with all its land, trees, Riad, flowers , rivers running high mountains and Iatlleha of the sky, stars and planets and the sun and the moon.
From here we find that the nature of the Andalusian captivating may cast a shadow on the hair in Andalusia, Vtvenn poets filming her charms and draw her paintings, Vavrdoa her poems, but lost a lot of them to describe them, and examples of this are many, and the poet is not different from other poets is that his handicap may rein his hair in this area.
Poet leaned on his stock to the cultural landscape, which he acquired from the experiences of other poets who preceded him in questioning the nature of their Vtother, and came in his hair from the employment of the manifestations of nature in drawing the various forms had been received Mbthotha during these poems.
Derived poet images that rely sense - including Albesr- of nature through the other senses Kalsama and smell, as she was Hacta hearing and smell when the poet tributaries important to memorize images through Sense manifestations of nature, like the sound of thunder and the roar of the sea and floods, as well as the perfume of flowers and the morning breeze.
Start Search introduction and preparation was examined nature Andalusian in the hair, then brief definition of the poet in question, then talk about the picture and means of photography taken from nature source to draw the image when the poet, and seal Find the most important results, and bibliography of the most important sources and references that used the Search.