Journal of Basrah Researches (Sciences)

In the present work, a new analytical function has been proposed to represent the axial magnetic field strength for the symmetrical magnetic lenses. Thereby, the correspondence magnetic flux distribution, that is necessary, for determing the aberration integrals, can be deduced immediately. The effects of the geometrical and physical parameters as an optimization parameters on the objective focal properties and the pole piece configuration have been investigated. The results have shown, that new conclusions concerning comparison between the results of synthesis procedure with that of analysis procedure for the same initial conditions can be set up.

This paper presents a mainly theoretical study of the behavior of a bubble in oil in a sound field. An equation for the radial motion, including the effect of the liquid compressibility is presented. The diffusion of gas, and evaporation and condensation at bubble wall are neglected. By using values of the initial bubble radius, the ratio of oscillating pressure amplitude to the static pressure in the liquid, and the angular frequency of the pressure variations, the effects of the viscosity of the liquid on the bubble oscillation are clarified.From the results, the effect of viscosity, a fairly large difference in the waveform of the oscillation is found. The calculations for the bubble oscillation in water are carried out and they are compared with that in oil. It has been clarified that the oscillating bubbles in oil are hard to collapse in comparison with that in water.

Mathematical formulations have been made of the physical behavior of a bubble in an acoustic field. A new model of nonlinear bubble dynamics is constructed including effects of compressibility of the liquid, and evaporation and condensation of water vapour at bubble wall. The kinetic equation of evaporation and condensation of water vapour at the bubble wall is calculated numerically in order to investigate the effect of evaporation and condensation. Comparison is given between this model and the isolated adiabatic model.It is concluded that the effect of evaporation and condensation is considerable on bubble dynamics in acoustic field. It is also clarified that the partial pressure of water vapour is identical to the saturated vapour pressure except at bubble collapse. At a strong collapse, the partial pressure of water vapour differs from the saturated vapour pressure. Comparison of radius-time curve is given between the calculated results and an experimental data by others. The calculated result by this model fits with the experimental data.

Optical properties of Zn¬xCd1-xS thin films prepared by using a fast thermal evaporation technique with different Zn concentrations in the range (0.0  x  1.0) have been investigated in room temperature. Optical transmission of films are recorded in the wavelength range 300-700 nm . Direct energy band gap to these films were determined by correlated between the optical absorption coefficient with the photon energy .Energy gaps values were in the range (2.4 – 3.5 eV).

The overhead wire systems for transmission of electrical power with high voltage of 132 up to 400kV use straight and parallel groove connectors to join aluminum and copper wires in a transmission network. In this work, straight and parallel grooves connectors of aluminum and copper cables have been manufactured to transmit high tension power of 132KV. A joint compound material has been painted at the interface between Al and Cu metals within the connectors. The joint compound is prepared in a laboratory with high resistance of corrosion. The manufacturing connectors are tested to study their mechanical and electrical properties. The results shown that the resistance between the terminals of Al and Cu with the anticorrosion material between them is 0.1Ω. While the Tensile Test Report for the specimen of straight connectors confirmes the value of maximum tensile force of 5.75 tone. The failure section occurred at 2cm inside the Cu cable and not inside the manufacturing straight connectors.These manufacturing connectors are examined successfully for 6 months within the transmission network under the authority of the General Company for Generation and Transportation of Electrical Power in Basra. A certificate has been issued by this company confirming the good quality for the application of these connectors.

Zinc sulfide thin films were prepared by thermal evaporation technique, on glass substrate(corning 7059) at different substrate temperatures. Films structure and grain size were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) device. Films have cubic polycrystalline structure with lattice constant . The optical constants (refractive index and absorption coefficient) of the films were derived from optical transmission spectra in the wavelength range 300-700 nm. Data are analyzed by Swanepoel method. Increasing of substrate temperature, the refractive index of films was increased and all films have nearly same refractive index at wavelength about 630 nm. Optical band of prepared films are in the range 3.4-3.62 eV and was increased with increasing substrate temperature. The aim of this study is to obtain matched properties from ZnS thin films to be used in solar cell applications.

In this paper, the white land snail Monacha obstructa (Pfeiffer,1842), is recorded for the first time in Basrah. This snail was collected from Basrah marshes, It is considered as an economical detriment animal, for its voraciousness in eating vegetables and small plants. The farmers used poisoned extermination to terminate it.

The electron spin resonance spectra of vanadyl ion complexes of N,N',N'',N'''-Bis(benzil) azomethine Bis(1,2-ethylene diamine) and N,N'-Bis(benzil) azomethine 1,2-ethylene diamine have been studied in solution at room temperature and frozen glasses.The spectra have been analyzed and the components of the g tensor and hyperfine tensors of complexes have been obtained.The unpaired electron is in the antibonding orbital (B2g).The spin Hamiltonian parameters have been equated to atomic orbital coefficients in some of the molecular orbital involved in bonding in these complexes.

An oil extract from fruits of red pepper Capsicum annuum L. was isolated and identified using several techniques such as: a thin layer chromatography, ultraviolet, visible, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT. IR.) and some of colour reagents . The antimicrobial activity of the oil extract was determined against types of reference strains of bacteria : which are ( Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571, Escherichia coli NCTC 5933, Pseudomonas aeruginosa NTCC 6750, and Klebsiella pneumoniae ). The results indicate that the oil extract from the fruits of red pepper Capsicum annuum has varying degrees of inhibiting the test organisms.

This paper reports the specific and uphill transport of Cu (II) ions across a liquid membrane [CH2 Cl2 – C2H4Cl2 ] mediated by a tetradendate Schiff base ligands as carriers .The transport is driven by pH gradient between two aqueous phase (source and receiving phase ) and the cation transfer has been coupled by a counter flow of protons .The concentration of metal ions in SP(source phase ) , and RP(receiving phase ) monitored by spectrophotometric method and was found to decrease progressively in SP, whereas Cu (II) ions appeared in RP and their concentration increased with time .