Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science

Atmospheric blocking has received a lot of attention in recent years due to its impacts on mid-latitude circulation and then on weather extremes such as cold spells, heat waves, drought, and heavy rain. In this paper, the effects of atmospheric blocking on weather events ''rainfall in particular'' over Iraq are evaluated.Daily meteorological data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) for the period 2002-2018 were analyzed to identify different atmospheric blocking systems over Iraq and surrounded regions. In order tolocate the blocks on maps, the study domain is extended from 10-70o N and 10-70o E for mean sea level pressure. This study state two cases of Omega blocking system occurred on 25 Jan 2006 and 01-03 Feb 2006. Rainfall observed by the Tropical Rainfall Measurements Mission (TRMM) along with true color cloud images detected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrora-diometer (MODIS) were employed for determining the severity and trajectory of rainstorms associated with atmospheric blocking systems. NCEP provides data with a spatial resolution of 2.5o × 2.5o while TRMM is 0.25o × 0.25o. Analysis of one typical year (2016) showed that among 24 blocking systems detected during the period of this work, 37.5% were Omega blocks, 20.8% were Cut-off low blocks, 16.7% were Rex blocks, and the percentage of the Cut-off high and Split flow blocks were 12.5% each. The results also indicated that the strongest blocking was the Omega blocking that occurred on 01-03 Feb 2006 and resulted in 120 mm rainfall

Study of rain received particularly great importance in the areas described as semi-arid, which ison the other hand are not well prepared for the drainage of rain that may turned into flash floods. The pressure systems, especially those passing through the country in the winter rainy season and spring also autumn have a role in determining the amount of rainfall falling in the region In addition to climate change and its effects in terms of climate cycles and climate extremes and thus required determine the size of rainfall Whether it is beneficial or harmful. In this study to determine of heavy rainfalls, two important cases of heavy rainfalls were studied in 24, Dec, 2016 and 24, Nov, 2018, which exceeded 50 mm on the Iraq, from one country to another in this account ,rainfalls rate, divider from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in which the rain intensity is determined according to the schedule and limits (light precipitation I≤2 mm / hour), (moderate precipitation 2 50 mm / hour). Each case was Analyzed and visualized by using the data analysis and display system (GrADS) The data were obtained from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Show maps results of the first case in (24 December, 2016) in the northeastern region, the central region and thewestern region of the country the abundant rain condition through maps of rainfall rates on these areas as well as by maps of mean sea level pressure and dense cloud cover, maps showed a decrease the temperature accompanying the low pressure also streamlines, geopotential height, relative vorticity show this. And show the vertical velocity (omega), relative humidity, geopotential height, relative vorticity, and show support of air decline in terms of streamlines, relative humidity, geopotential height and relative vorticity over the country. Maps 700 hPa the vertical velocity (omega), relative humidity, geopotential height and relative vorticity, maps 500 hPa, results of second case, (24 November, 2018) that occurred in the northeastern and eastern part andsoutheastern part of the country, also appear clear through maps of falling rainfall rates, as well as maps of sea level pressure and the dense cloud cover accompanying the heavy rain situation. maps 850 hPa it shows the low temperature accompanying the atmospheric decline, also streamlines, geopotential height and relative vorticity also maps 700 hPa and 500 hPa lik first case, in differential patterns all of this shows clear support for the atmospheric decline in terms of streamlines, relative humidity, geopotential height, and relative vorticity, and explain the causes of heavy rain situation over Iraq

In this research, the seasonal Optimal Reliable Frequency (ORF) variations between different transmitter/receiver stations havebeen determined. Mosul, Baghdad, and Basra have been chosen as tested transmitting stations that located in the northern, center, and southern of Iraqizone. In this research, the minimum and maximum years (2009 and 2014) of solar cycle 24 have been chosen to examine the effect of solar activity on the determined seasonal ORF parameter. Mathematicalmodel has been proposed which leads to generate the Optimal Reliable Frequency that can maintain the seasonal connection links for different path lengths and bearings. The suggested ORF parameter represented by a different orders polynomial equation. The polynomial equation has been determined depending on different selected parameters (path length, bearing, time (day), months and BUF values). The suggested seasonal ORF parameter was examined for the three stations of the adopted years. The value of the seasonal ORF ionospheric parameter increased with the increase of path length and varieswith the bearing between the transmitting and receiving stations also, the seasonal ORF values were higher at maximum solar cycle (2014) than the minimum solar cycle (2009).

Multidrugresistance and biofilm formation have increasingly becomea leading human threat in particular dairy products, which become the primary source of essential nutrients word-wide. Biofilm formation is responsible for economic losses in the dairy industry. Therefore, in current study, the multi-drugs resistance and biofilm formation were investigated for Streptococcus spp.isolated different dairy products (milk, cheese, and cream) collected from various markets in Diwanyah city, Iraq. Bacteria were isolated and identified by morphological and biochemical characteristics using selective agar plates. Antibiotic resistance was tested using disc diffusion method, whereas biofilm formation was investigated using Microtiter plate method (MTP). The results showed that Streptococcus spp.isolates in milk (7 isolates), cheese (17isolates), and cream (18 strains) showed high resistance against novobiocin, Nalidixic acid, streptomycin, and cephalothin. However, all isolates showed high sensitivity to vancomycin. Streptococcus isolates showed a variant level of biofilm formation with high percentages (71.43%) of strong biofilm formation in milk isolates, 29.4% in cheese, and 50% in cream. These results suggested that multidrug resistance Streptococcus spp. has beenobserved in some dairy products with a high ability for biofilm formation and could affect the quality of dairy products and probable human threats.

Public swimming pools, if not treated well could work asareservoir of many microorganisms that cause infections among swimmers. Conjunctivitis is one of those common infections that resulted from microbial and non-microbial agents, microbial conjunctivitis caused by viral (mainly Human adenovirus HAdVs) and bacterial infections. Thisstudy aimsto investigate the prevalence of microbial causative agents of swimming pool conjunctivitis and evaluating the swimming pools in terms of health and the extent of contamination in Erbil province. Eighty-eight specimens were isolated and identified from the swimmers showing signs and symptoms of swimming pool conjunctivitis from different public swimming pools in Erbil city from Januaryto the end of February2020. Sample identified using bacteriological methods, serology test, and nested PCR for detection of HAdVs. The swimmers samples consisted of 60 males and 28 females, and they were aged between 16-56 years. The obtained results showed that, out of 88 samples, 36 (40.91%) detected as a viral infection and 29 (32.95%) asbacterial infection, while, 23 (26.13%) showed no growth (non-microbial infection). Frequency of swimming pool conjunctivitisamong male and female was 60 (68.2%) and 28 (31.8%) respectively.Depending on the obtained results, it can be concluded that conjunctivitis could resultfrom viral, bacterial, and non-microbial agents, a viral infection is the main cause followed by a bacterial infection, alsopublicswimming pools are not a safe placeand swimmers are subjected to infectionby different pathogens.

At the present time, everyone is interested in dealing with images in different fields such as geographic maps, medical images, images obtaining by Camera, microscope, telescope, agricultural field photos, paintings, industrial partsdrawings, space photos, etc. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is an efficient retrieval of relevant images from databases based on features extracted from the image. Follow the proposed system for retrieving images related to a query image from a large set of images, based approach to extract the texture features present in the image using statistical methods (PCA, MAD, GLCM, and Fusion) after pre-processing of images. The proposed system was trained using 1D CNN using a dataset Corel10k which widely used for experimental evaluation of CBIR performancethe results of proposed systemshowsthat the highestaccuracy is 97.5% using Fusion(PCA,MAD),where the accuracy is 95% using MAD, 90% using PCA. The performance result is acceptable compared to previous work

The rapid development in technology and the spread of editing image software has led to spread forgery in digital media. It is now not easy by just looking at an image to know whether the image is original or has been tampered. This article describes a newimage splicing detection method based on noise level as a major feature to detect the tempered region. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is exploited to estimate the noise of image and the K-means clustering for authentic and forged region classification. The proposed method adopts Columbia Uncompressed Image Splicing Dataset for evaluation and effectiveness. The experimental results for 360 images demonstrate that the method achieved an 83.33% for detecting tampered region this percentage represent a promising result competed with Stat-of-art splicing detection methods

The chaotic system has been widely studied. A new six-dimension hyper chaotic system is introduced in this paper. We used a new chaotic system based on a six-dimension for the purpose of increasing chaos in the system, where the new system has eleven positive parameters, complicated chaotic dynamics behaviors and gives an analysis of the new systems. The basic characteristics and dynamic behavior of this system are investigated with a presence of chaotic attractor, Dissipativity, symmetry, equilibrium points, Lyapunov Exponents, Kaplan-Yorke dimension, waveform analysis and sensitivity toward initial conditions. The results of the analysis exhibit that the new system contains three unstable equilibrium points and the six Lyapunov exponents. Maxim non-negative Lyapunov Exponent (MLE) is obtained as 4.72625,and Kaplan-Yorke are obtained as 3.92566, and the new system characteristics with, unstable, high complexity, and unpredictability, the new system dynamics is simulated utilizing MATHEMATICA program. The phase portraits and the qualitative properties of the new hyper chaotic system have been described at the detail

Cancer of the breast is one of the world's most prevalent causes of death for women. Early and efficient identification is important for can care choices and reducing mortality. Mammography is the most effective early breast cancer detection process. Radiologists cannot however make a detailed and reliable assessment of mammograms due to fatigue or poor image quality. The main aim of this work is toestablish a new approach to help radiologists identify anomalies and improve diagnostic precision. The proposed method has been applied through the implementation of preprocessing then segmentation of the images to get the region of interest that was usedto find a texture features that were calculated based on first Order (statistical features), Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), and Local Binary Patterns LBP (LBP). In the features selection phase mutual information (MI) algorithm is applied to choose from the extracted features collection suitable features. Finally, Multilayer Perceptron has been applied in two stages to classify the mammography images first to normal or abnormal, and secondly, classification of abnormal images into benign or malignant images. This method was implemented and gave an accuracy of 92.91 % for the first level and 93.15% for the second level classification.

The main object of the present paper is to introduce the class of meromorphic univalent function K*(σ,τ,S) defined by differential operator with study some geometric properties like coefficient inequality , growth theorem and distortion theorem, radii of starlikeness and convexity of f(z) in the class K*(σ,τ,S) .Also the concept of convolution (Hadamard product) investigate and Neighborhoods of the elements of class K*(σ,τ,S) are obtained.

In this article,A-contraction type mappings in integral case are defined on a complete n-normed spaces and the existence of somefixed point theoremsare proved in the complete n-normed spaces and given some results on Picard operator.

The researchers have presented some theorems of the fixed points of single-valued mappings by defining known contractive conditions on those points in the same path from a given graph. Here, this procedure will be modified and used to find fixed points of order-preserve mappings in a complete partially ordered g-metric space.

This paper is devoted to introduce the structure of the p-ary linear codes C(n,q) of points and lines of PG(n,q),q = p^h, when p=3. The linear code C(2,27) is given with its generator matrix. Also, some of weight distributions are calculated. Finally, the generator matrix to the dual code of C(2,27) has been founded

In this paper, depending on the notion of fuzzy length space we define the Cartesian product of two fuzzy length spaces. we proved that the Cartesian product of two fuzzy length spacesis a fuzzy length space. More accurately, the Cartesian product of two complete fuzzy length spaces is proved to be a complete fuzzy length space. Furthermore, the definitions of sequentially fuzzy compact fuzzy length space, countably fuzzy compact fuzzylength space, locally fuzzy compact fuzzy length space are introduced, and theorems related to them are proved.

The importance of branch and bound algorithm is the mathematical improvement to find the value of (X) that Maximize or minimize the objective function within a set of feasible solution, as it is reliable on the efficient evaluation of the bounds of regionsor branches of the space of the research, whether they are upper or lower. In this paper discuss five cases with respect to branching decisions based on network solutions to calculate the nearest link with a short time.From the results, bound and branch algorithm can develop and change the obtaining solutions for the five cases under study.