The Arab Gulf

Metaphor study has been a main feature of literary study since ancient rhetoric. A number of approaches to metaphor have been devised to answer questions about whether metaphors are ornamental or essential for meaning; whether metaphors are linguistic or psychological .Much work in cognitive science has demonstrated that metaphor is a basic pattern in the way that human mind works and that there is a basic distinction between linguistic expressions of metaphor and their underlying conceptual content .The present paper is an attempt to discuss a range of metaphors in Canto I of Keats' " The Fall of Hyperion " to the aim of identifying how full words can be taken as metaphorical by a number of readers .

This study tackles some problems in Iraq during a difficult period. It studies the reasons that stand behind the ( Common silence) of Iraqi people . The research presents a theoretical introduction and a practical work represented by a questionnaire given to (2000) Iraqis chosen randomly from the south of Iraq .The questionnaire aims at investigating their opinions regarding silence and possible solutions. The research concludes that the roots of silence is found in the history of Iraq throughout different stages.

This study is intended to state the distinctive transformations in E. Hemingway's Fathers and Sons in terms of Chomsky's transformational grammar. So, despite the simplicity of the language in Hemingway's fictional prose, the effect is quite complex. The passage analyzed in this study reveals such a fact. So , it seems that this passage lacks transformations; while in fact, it hides three transformations, i.e. pronominalization, nominalization, and style indirect libre. These transformations by their roles work in a distinctive way, i.e. reported thought, indirect discourse, and deletion. Such a fact reveals that Hemingway's use of transformations is different from other writers', especially his contemporaries like W.Faulkner.

This research sheds lights on the relations of Saudi Arabia and the United States of America. The relations began in limited fields with the beginning of the 20th Century through Evangelist work and medical treatment. The United States realized that Britain had priority in the Arab Gulf and Arabian Peninsula Area on one side, and the limitation of its interests in that area on the other . By the end of the World War II and the development of the United States as a greet power , discovery of oil in the Gulf area and the emergence of USSR as a great power in economic , political and military standards pushed the United States to search for a position in the Middle East in general, and in the Arab Gulf and Saudi Arabia in particular.
The research falls into three sections. Section one discuses Saudi Arabia – US relations between the two World Wars, while section two tackles the role of oil during that war , and section three presents the development of the Saudi Arabia – US relations after World War II till 1953, King Abdul – Aziz Al Saudi' death.

Saudi Arabia occupies an advanced place in American foreign policy since 1933. This American concern is basically due to American Oil Companies when king Abdulaziz Al saud gave the concession of Saudi Oil to Standard Oil Company of California in the 29th of may 1933,which is , later, known as Aramco. since that time ,the company had the right of .drilling , production and marketing of Saudi oil .Saudi oil companies represented by Aramco was authorized to fix Saudi oil price.
With the beginning of the seventies , the kingdom regained its national fortune after long series of negotiations with Aramco . The four-years negotiations ended with giving 40% of company shares to the kingdom .Another series of negotiations extended over six years (1974-1980) to sign a final agreement concerning the company's property Which was settled to the Saudi side. But the framework of Aramco as National Saudi establishment was not settled until the beginning of 1983

Folk song has gained a significant place in the culture of different nations. People developed this type of songs and used it in most creative arts . Theatre is much concerned with folk songs in its dramatic works, especially "Lyric", the art which assimilates Opera.
The research falls mainly into four sections .Section one includes the problem of the research , its aim , significance , limits and a detailed definition of the term "Folk song" Section two tackles folk song objectives, causes of its emergence , its style of melody and rhythms , and how it must be simple , not harmonic , and easy to memorize . While section three presents the selected Kuwaiti sample (Alsindebad Lyric) , how the composer uses folk songs , and whether he succeeds or not .And the last section discusses the results and presents some recommendations. The researcher concludes that the composer successfully uses folk songs in this Lyric .

The early life of Nazik Al-Mala'ika has an eminent impact on her later poetic product, particularly these poems through which she revealed her sufferings, pains and feeling with the bitterness of alineation and loss. the circumstances she experienced caused her pains, sorrows and moaning, and consequently made her live in psychological alienation. The vocabulary that embody the sense of her alienation were easy and accommodating, void of utterance decoration, pleasing one's self and accurate in describing the state of consciousness she experiences. Among the vocabulary she uses in expressing her alienation (alienation, sorrows, throes, solitude, life-loss, crying). Most of psychological alienation aspects were sensitive, dynamic ones. she expressed, through the verbs she used, her suffering inner consciousness with all the surrounding social circumstances .Her alienation poems are characterized with their sad musical tones, which are harmonica and appropriate with her state of consciousness

The research endeavors to uncover the axis implemented by Bedr Shakir Alsiyab through the use of religious heritage in clarifying his philosophy and his special relation with the universe. The poet uses codes of prophet , religious characters, Quranic stories, religious places , Islamic religious signs and religious Christian signs. These codes constitute an icon that represents glorification of the selected experience towards spiritual horizons