Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies

Epicone of the purposes of the bloody conflict between the Arabic tribes which epic struggle on powerand victory and deterrence to ferment throws. Epic Culture with Arabic origins which wereb a sedon the depth ofits meaning with masculinity What is the saga will soonbem olded on human life and dignity and homeland defense needs ordoes not need to be. And all the things that zealor passion in the human soul and motivate shim to do greateven battle fieldis based on sense of the epic. And the poets who werere sorting to emphasize Epic thought. But do not do it with words known epic Alnabghh Alzbyany and ; Al semval Ben Aladya. Alnabghein war to escape and it poetry is n t interpretation of winning or not winning positions. But in the poems, melodies of praise and lyrics with epic melodies mixed, and the epic poems of the era could take the color and provide forcertain epic style. Alsemvalhave alittlepoetry, The most important features of his poetry, proud to Dignity and generosity and a great honor and the dignity of work,especially Loyalty. And in the poem, epic can be used, And an epic meanings of strong style which with wisdom mixed, is followed .

Water is an issue, of the most complex issues and problems faced by the relations Turkish-Arab, and the precise relationship with Iraq and Syria, which are also common issues between these countries, however, as well as cooperation in this case was weak, and the position of weakness which comes from the non-recognition of any party other rights, Turkey I thought from the beginning that the current in the Tigris and Euphrates water is a Turkish waters because they stem from Turkish soil, and therefore it is not legally bound to give a fixed quota for countries riparian with them at the time interested in estimating need two of the waters of the Tigris and the Euphrates, and it's It is committed to international laws which provide that no harm others, so it is ready to deal with Iraq and Syria to provide them with water provided it does not contradict the interests of the country and in the establishment of economic and development projects, and for this we find it handled this issue in a roundabout way, in contrast, the two tried to political particular stand Turkish and demanded their rights and legal waters of the Tigris and Euphrates, but they did not reach a common solution to agree upon the face of Turkey's water policy but was disagreement between the two is the most prominent in this case, making Turkey to exploit this difference to their advantage, and building on what we've had, we find that the biggest affected by politics water for Turkey is Iraq as the latest recipient State of the rivers, at a time when Turkey has sought to employ economic and political interventions of Turkey towards the countries of the region so as to provide them an important function in the pioneering policies in the regional order in the Middle East, through the insistence of Turkey to move forward on a broad project scale in Southeast Anatolia, in order to provide the border areas of energy and sources of irrigation to make it a gathering of grains, fruits and vegetables to countries of the Middle East point, continuing its commitment not to consider the Tigris and Euphrates rivers international, but Nhrien crossing the border and the purpose of allowing itself Bastosmaarhama according to their interest and to build dams, according to the perceptions and to allow them to Pthoelhma ((political card)) in the future to control the life of Syria and Iraq of water, which benefit from the differences the two countries, but also works to sustain its plans to build the water away from the unified Arab vision.

The city of Damascus included several peoples, the majority of which were Arab Muslims, and Christians and Jews lived in neighborhoods that were known to them. Each sect was distinguished by its beliefs and customs, benefiting from the spirit of social tolerance in Damascus. The Turkmen, Kurds and others also lived in Damascus. There is no single community, while Arabic is the language spoken by most of the inhabitants of Damascus,There are reasons to push us to study the subject in the period in question, including the impact of the city in the Arab Islamic civilization, and the diversity of social life diversity of its components, although our study has focused on the conditions of the Arab Muslim community within the borders of Damascus, but did not neglect the elements and communities that included the Damascus society through The coexistence of these groups despite their mixing, which contributed to the cultural and anthropological and demographic construction that characterized the city of Damascus.The research aims to give a clear picture of the religious holidays in Damascus, that ancient and important city among the cities of the Levant, as well as those who inhabit it are diverse religions and nationalities, and this is a variety of customs and traditions. Hence our research on Islamic religious events in Damascus, Social things are characterized by some stability and slow change very severe, and this study required reference to many historical and geographical sources, books and other Arabic travel books that provided us with the appropriate historical information.

The excavations which conducted in 2011 by Iraqi mission under supervision of Mr. Dheyaa Makki reveled a big group of different objects dated to the Kassite period ( ca.1595-1162 B.C) including a unique piece made of river turtle shell which it used by an craftsman who draw an interesting scene on it. This research deals with the varroice scenes drawn on this object such as animals and plants figures, and geometrical designs, when we were able to study each figure independently, and this study resulted that these figures contain different ideas and religious concepts those were originally from ancient Mesopotamia civilization .

The paper aims at measuring the spatial intelligence for student of Department of Geography and whether gender affects such skill. The research tackled ( 94 ) student of both sexes . The researcher collected his data via a questionnaire of (44) items . After analyzing data ,one of the most imporaent findings is that student of Department of Geography (College of Basic Education) lack the ability to fully make use of this mental skill. Morever , the gender gap is not a statistic point of view . The researcher stated a few suggestions to polish the students' skills and improve their ability to use spatial intelligence.

The present study aims to identify (the effectiveness of reciprocal teaching strategy in achievement and the development of scientific thinking to the second grade average students in physics). And limited to:1 - a sample of second grade students in the Mediterranean city of Hilla Center.2 - the first five chapters of the book to be taught physics for students in the second grade average.3 - first semester of the academic year 2013-2014 m.In order to achieve the goal of the study formulated the following hypotheses:1. There is no difference statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group the collection of students studying physics in accordance with the reciprocal teaching strategy and average grades collect the control group students studying physics in the traditional way in the post achievement test.2. There is no difference statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group taught in accordance with the strategy of reciprocal teaching students and average students grades Aljmuah officer taught according to the traditional way in the post test of scientific thinking.3. There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) in the average differences between the scores of pre and post tests of scientific thinking with the experimental group students studying physics in accordance with the reciprocal teaching strategy.4. There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) in the average differences between the scores of pre and post tests of scientific thinking with the control group students studying physics in the usual way. To verify the hypotheses of the study, the researcher randomly chosen medium Damascus for boys, then Akhtarashoaiaa Division (a), to represent the experimental group, and the Division (b) to represent the control group and the number of students of both of them (32) students. It was conducted parity between the two groups in the study variables (chronological age - physics degrees average first grade - intelligence - the pre-test of scientific thinking). Promising Researcher (115) behaviorally target included specific subjects in the experiment, as a promising plans teaching of those subjects, and to verify the purpose of the study and its hypotheses promising researcher achievement test consisting of 40 items, from multiple choice quad alternatives were confirmed the veracity of its paragraphs and persistence and transactions difficult and the power to distinguish, also used researcher scale scientific thinking prepared by Abboud (2012), consisting of (30) paragraph after making a number of amendments to it and ascertain the sincerity and persistence, and after the test was applied all of the achievement test and test scientific thinking and then data were collected and statistically analyzed using statistical methods to validate the assumptions of zero Vozart results outweigh the experimental group students on a control group of students in each achievement test and test dimensional scientific thinking.

The study discussed the question of succession of two conditions in Arabic grammar, namely that two conditions exist on one answer in the pronunciation, and the answer mentioned for the first condition, and the answer to the second condition is deleted is indicated by the first condition and its answer, or if the answer to the second condition is dispensed with the answer of the first condition, then no An answer to the second originally, The researcher presented the position of the ancients regarding the succession of the two conditions, especially in those concerned with the interpretation of the Qur’an and its significance, and then moved to clarify the position of the modern scholars, and suggested what was most likely from their views, and concluded the results that the conclusion guaranteed.

contemporary research includes the following ;-1-samples of the female students in the fifth class in the secondary school in the educational directorate/ ALRASAFA /1 2-the subject of Geography which is putting by the education authority for the fifth class print 23 ,2001 by the Ministry of Education , that decided to teach the chapters first, second, third , and fourth from the book which is mentioned above .3- the first course for the scholar year 2003/2004A C For the improving the aim of the research I designed these applications 1- There are no differences with statistical signs at the level (50,0%)between the middle of degree for the first experimental group who were studying the geography by using the strategy of co operation method and the middle of the whom studied the same subject in the classical method 2- There are no differences with statistical signs at the level (50,0%)between the middle of degree for the second experimental group who were studying the geography by using strategy of short reports method and the middle of the whom studied the same subject in the classical method 3-There are no differences with statistical signs at the level (50,0%)between the middle of degree for the first experimental group who were studying the geography by using the co operation method and the middle of the whom studied the same subject in the short reports 4-There are no differences with statistical signs at the level (50,0%)between the middle of degree for the first experimental group who were studying the geography by using the co operation method and the middle of the whom studied the same subject in the classical method. 5- There are no differences with statistical signs at the level (50,0%)between the middle of degree for the second experimental group who were studying the geography by using the short reports method and the middle for the second group of experience whom studied the same subject in the classical method in the development the statistical conception .6- There are no differences with statistical signs at the level (50,0%)between the middle of degree for the first experimental group who were studying the geography by using the co operation method and the middle of the second group whom studied the same subject in the short reports method in the development the statistical conception .After choosing ALFADHILA secondary school for females by the researcher , It was indirect way to practice the experience , He limited the samples as three groups ; - the first group the number of the students (30) studies geography by strategy of co operation method - the second group the number of the students (30) studies geography by strategy of short reports method - the standard group the number of the students (30) studies geography by strategy of classical method.The researcher compare between the three groups in the Changeable data ( and testing the prevails information The degree which getting in the fourth class , the age , the level of education of father or the parent also the educational level of mother , cleverness , and the testing of previous learning.

The semantic change falls within the family of linguistics, which was studied by linguists in all languages, including the Arabic language and a long time ago, and recent studies by researchers in this field have been widely concerned, because of Arabic language linguistic interference with the Persian language due to juxtaposition or occupation and the resulting From political, economic, social, and other factors, which led to the influence of the Arabic terminology and words used in the Persian language, so the factors of semantic change came to them.So our research included an introduction and three topics and a conclusion, the first of which was devoted to linguistics and significance, and the second topic came in explaining the relationship between the signifier and the signified, while the third topic dealt with the selected samples and models that were studied, and concluded the research with the most important results that we reached with Conclusion and a list of margins, sources and references that we benefited from in writing the research

The preliminary results of field work in the Allied sites in Syria and the countries of Anatolia indicate the discovery of well-preserved archaeological remains dating back to this stage, which in turn shed light on the chronology and the cultural features that the Allied sites in that region are connected to, as well as the differences that discuss civilization development The local during this stage, and the material remains that were extracted from these sites are reminiscent of the assemblies of manufactured materials that have been documented from the known Halaf sites in northern Iraq, as well as the presence of types of manufactured materials that have the characteristics of the Halaf, such as the pottery of the stained oak and the adornment that shows In the lips and a large number of stone seals, not to mention what those produced by the excavation of the remains are well preserved Marih it shows a community the size of the village.

The poetic approach is a reflection of the artistic and aesthetic nature of the experience of life. It is based on levels defined by the conscious awareness of the specific function performed by the language, to produce significance, and to meet in lines The experience of life is the same as the experience of writing. In our study of stylistic stylism, we adopted the experience of Ra'ad Zamil in two subjects. The first came to study the figures and the media, while the second was specialized in the study of the natures of nature, with a conclusion in which we mentioned the most important results that we reached Her guardian.

The study deals with a poem by Nizar Qabbani entitled (Wijudiya) Which highly attracted both literary writers and critics for its controversial viewpoints that it arouses as well as its historical importance as it goes beyond the norm and the traditional .It is open to modernity and refrained from the past bounds . For its form ,it goes beyond the traditional rhyming .The study relied on the stylistic viewpoint which reflects its own time features and represents the modern spirit and its new identity. All these features are subject of the study which is stylistically oriented to describe the poem. The study has three levels :Phonetic, Structural and Semantic .The most important results of the study is that it is concluded that the poem shaped an intended relation with his personal feelings and the musical tone of the poem . In addition, ( Janeen ), the name of the woman in the poem, with her Parisian life represented the stylistic view with its sematic implications . All in all, the poem is an attempt which represents a new cultural project which goes beyond circumstances , place and time.

Abstract:After the end of the First World War and the emergence of new international powers on the scene, all of this clearly affected the nature of the prevailing international relations at the time, in: Iran’s relationship with Turkey, which was characterized in the period before the war by a kind of oscillation between conflict and conflict for a long period of time, and between its stopping For a short period until it returned and erupted again, so this policy clearly raised the Middle East region, especially Iraq, so the end of the First World War opened good for these two countries because of the change in the political systems that ruled and how, as good relations between them represented in good neighborhood And hold alliances Between them.

Praise be to God, Lord of the Most High, and prayers and peace be upon the beloved Mustafa Muhammad and his pure family, and after.For speaking according to what is written and put in place, in addition to that, other things, some of which are important, on which the speech is held and the meaning are carried out, some of which are added complementaries in which the meaning is understood in general, and some of what is conceived, some of which are not what can be found and if they are tolerated.One of these matters whose existence is important and speech appreciation is dependent on the refining of the factor, which means in its simplest form: to remind the worker in the sentence with his word or with a similarity of pronunciation, with nothing arranged on his second mention.We have seen that we search with the certificates that apply to this matter by collecting them all and making them in one place in order to get to know them uniformly and learn about their conditions and their hidden and important language secrets in the study and achievement, and we understand how scientists guide them and their sayings in them.The research was formed in an introduction in which she introduced the subject, and a preliminary study in which she searched: refining and its types, and small topics related to refining are: the alternative to the intention of refining the worker, the opposite source of the verb, the return of the preposition with kindness, the re-verb in the sentence, and a conclusion in which the results of the research were mentioned.

The research is concerned with the treatment of models of women's poetry in Jahiliyyah, Islam and even the Umayyad period, which is characterized by symbolism and inspiration. As the symbol is an artistic expression that poets address, it is at the same time a psychological and social phenomenon that some poets seek to use to convey what they want, In the language through the installation of vocabulary and make it provides the recipient a meaning other than the apparent meaning, which distancing the poet from the expression of the direct expression of the spirit of self, as the poet draws a picture of reality and mixes with what is deep and placed in the non-scope to express the pillars of the human soul, Connects feeling And Al-Lashawar. The research dealt with the symbolized place in women's poetry, and began to monitor the symbolic place in their hair, such as Al-Khansa, Salma Bint Al-Mahalhal, Jalila Bint Mourah, and many other women. Al-Assad was a symbol of strength and courage, It also symbolized the manifestations of nature to many things, the mountain symbolized the strength and greatness, and symbolized the water for life and development, and included the research topics entitled (place of tears) and (natural phenomena) and what symbolizes such as mountains and water.

President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali took power in Tunisia in 1987 to achieve many reforms and constitutional and ministerial amendments. A constitutional monitoring body was created to implement the laws and implement them a few weeks after the events of the seventh of November. And made important amendments to the articles of the Constitution, especially in the three executive, legislative and judicial authorities, and carried out revisions to the press in order to promote freedom of opinion and expression, as well as the above-mentioned signed a national charter in which all political parties were gathered; It is holding a national honor of moral and cultural works to create the conditions to achieve the desired objectives of constitutional change.

The China-Arab relationship can date back to ancient times. This humble paper aims to study this relationship since the Tang Dynasty in the seventh century in general and its development in the Ming Dynasty in the fourteenth century in particular. It focuses on the following goals: First, discovering the most important information about the influence of the two ancient civilizations with each other before the Ming Dynasty; Second, analyzing the achievements made during the Ming Dynasty and the characteristics of the Sino-Arab relationship in this era; Third, comparing the Sino-Arab relationship during the Ming Dynasty with that in previous eras and analyzing the similarities and differences among them. The paper relies on the descriptive-analytical method to present the most important issues in the ancient Chinese-Arab relationship such as the spreading of Islam and the Arabic in China and the attitudes of the central government towards them, then it also explains those issues by analyzing the texts, explains the reasons for their emergence and development and analyzes the similarities and differences among them. Thus it is appropriate to borrow the comparative approach as well.