Kirkuk Journal of Science

The research work was investigated to determine some primary metabolic products
(proteins and carbohydrates) and secondary (phenols) to decrease the effects of some heavy
metals (iron, lead, copper and zinc) bioconcentration factor (BCF) in uptake of total nitrogen
(TN), total phosphors (TP) and total potassium (TK) in shoots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis
(Red River Gum) and Nerium oleander (Oleander) cultivated in Kirkuk city roads. Plants and
soil samples were collected from eight localities seasonally from March 2018 to February
2019. Lead, iron and copper accumulated in N. oleander shoots(average concentrations lead
0.35 ppm, iron 0.802 ppm and copper 0.12ppm) respectively more than E. camaldulensis
shoots (average concentrations lead 0.3 ppm, iron 0.646 ppm and copper 0.091 ppm), while
zinc accumulated rate in E. camaldulensis shoots 0.226ppm respectively equal N. oleander
shoots 0.221ppm. The uptake of TP negatively affected in E. camaldulensis and N. oleander
samples but TN and TK did not because its recorded average values in plants samples (TN in
E. camaldulensis 1.599 ppm and N. oleander 1.82 ppm; TK in E. camaldulensis 63.468 ppm
and N. oleander 62.787 ppm) higher than recorded in soil samples (TN 0.577 ppm and TK
47.16 ppm). N. oleander samples were more efficiency by accumulate higher rate of heavy
metals without effects in nutrients uptake compare to E. camaldulensis samples were removed
bio concentrated heavy metals and nutrients. The total proteins rate and phenols compounds
recognized in E. camaldulensis samples (Chlorogenic acid, Catechin, P-coumaric acid,
Benzoic acid, Cinnamic acid, Genistic acid, Kaempferol and Quercetin) and in N. oleander
samples (Chlorogenic acid, Catechin, P-coumaric acid, Benzoic acid, Cinnamic acid, Genistic
acid, Kaempferol, Quercetin, Rutin, Ferulic acid and Epigallocatchein) escape active
defensive lines for plants samples to uptake nutrients without negative affected by
concentrated heavy metals.

The current research aims to measure radon gas concentrations in different types of
tobacco. 20 types of cigarettes tobacco and two types of molasses were collected for eight
different companies the most prevalent in smoking which are found in local markets using the
techniques of solid state nuclear track detector CR-39 and electronic radon detector RAD7.
The results showed that the radon gas concentration ranged between (44.54-100.22) Bq m-
³ in
cigarette samples and its concentration in molasses samples ranged between (40.02-134.98)
Bq m-
³ CR-39 detector. The results showed that radon gas concentration ranged between
(41.9-84.1) Bq m-
³ in cigarette samples (BD-BP). The ranged between (40.4-82.1) Bq m-
³ in
molasses samples (Gr2-Gk2) using the RAD7 reagent technique. The results of the study
shows that the radon concentrations in tobacco samples are less than the internationally
allowed limit (200-300 Bq m-3
).

The current work focuses to study the foraminifera assemblages within the
Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/PG) boundary outcropped in the High Folded Zone in Smaquli
valley (Gali section), Kurdistan Region, and Northeastern Iraq. The boundary is nearly
located between Tanjero and Kolosh Formations and their exposure mainly consists of thick
succession of deep marine turbidities (flysch) and hemipelagic sediments. The study aims to
indicate biological fossils assemblages and physical expressions that inherited from globally
important events of the end of cretaceous. The study has extraited expressions of the well
exposed successions of fine grains from which 8 biozones are identified in the uppermost
section of Shiranish formation, the Shiranish- Tanjero transition area and the Tanjero
formation through biostratigraphy (biozonation) and lithostratigraphic analyses. These zones,
from the bottom to top, are upper part of Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval Zone (CF8),
which belongs to Upper part of Shiranish Formation, (Early Maastrichtian) and lower part of
Tanjero Formation. The second, third, fourth and fifth zones are Gansserina gansseri Interval
Zone (CF7), Contusotruncana contusa Interval Zone (CF6) (Early Maastrichtian) and
Pseudotextularia intermedia Interval Zone (CF5), Racemiguembelina fructicosa Interval
Zone (CF4) respectively and all belong to lower part of Tanjero Formation (Early
Maastrichtian). The sixth, seventh and eighth zones are Pseudoguembelina hariaensis Interval
Zone (CF3), Pseudoguembelina palpebra Interval Zone (CF2), Plummerita hantkeninoides
Total Range Zone (CF1) respectively that belong to upper part of Tanjero Formation (Late
Maastrichtian). Moreover, four biozones of Danian (Early Paleocene) are recorded in the
lower part of Kolosh Formation which are Guembelitria cretacea Interval Zone (p0), (base of
Danian), Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina Total Range Zone (pα), (base of Danian),
Parvularugoglobigerina eugubina-Subbotina triloculinoides Interval Zone (P1a) (Early
Danian), Subbotina triloculinoides–Praemurica inconstans Interval Zone (P1b), (Middle
Danian). The lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic study revealed that no physical events
(conglomerate, erosional surface, paleosoil and hardground) and has a conformable and
gradational existence, which is evidenced by continuous sedimentation of the same sediments
and no chronostratigraphic gaps within K / PG boundary. Biologically, it shows the gradual
extinction of the Cretaceous planktic foraminifera and the sudden emergence of the Paleogene
ones.

Nanocompound of BaAlyFe12−yO19, Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 and nanocomposite
[x(BaAlyFe12−yO19 ) + (1 − x)Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4
] were prepared by Sol-gel method with aratio x= 10, 25, 50, 75%. The samples compressed as a tablet under 7 ton cm2 ⁄ hydraulic
pressure, and these tablets were sintered at a temperature of 900 ℃ for a period of two hours
(2h). The X-ray diffraction revealed the hexagonal structure of BaAlyFe12−yO19 with lattice
parameters c = 23.109 Å and a = 5.879 Å, while Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 reveals the cubic structure
with a lattice parameter a = 8.358 Å. The grain size of the samples has been calculated by
SEM and it was between (25-35) nm. Electrical properties showed a decrease in the dielectric
constant values, loss coefficient from (282.4348),(73.0997) to (4.2752),(0.4322) respectively,
and increasing the electrical conductivity value from (2.2023*10-7 Ω
-1cm-1) to (9.1754*10-1Ω-1cm-1) with increasing the frequency.

The paper aims to study the effect X-Ray on different parameters of the nuclear track
detector CR-39 irradiated with alpha particle. The parameters are tracks diameter, the Bulk
etch rate, Track diameter growth rate. The detectors were exposed to X-Ray of voltage 5 kV
and current 0.01 mA for different periods of time (0.5-2.5) h with step 0.5 h before and after
irradiation with alpha particles of energy 2.5MeV emitted from 241Am source. It was found
that the detector response in the case of irradiation with (X-ray+Alpha) is greater than that in
the case (Alpha+X-ray) as compared to the slandered one irradiated with alpha particles only.
It was also found that the track diameters and the bulk etch rate increase with the progress of
the exposure time to X-ray for both cases, before and after irradiation with alpha particles.