Kirkuk University Journal For Agricultural Sciences (KUJAS)

A rapid, efficient and reproducible propagation protocol was developed for initiation,
multiplication and root formation of poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) through the culture of
single nodal segments on basal MS medium. The results showed that the best cultures were established on
solid MS medium supplemented with (5.0+0.1) from both BA and NAA respectively after being surface
disinfested in %07 ethyl alcohol for 00 seconds, followed by immersion in mercuric chloride (0.57) for
five minutes. The best shoots multiplication was achieved with the combination treatment 5.0+5.0 mg/l
of BA and NAA (6.16 shoots/ explant) as compared with the use of BA or Kinetin separately. The
rooting percent (5007) was recorded by adding 0.0 and 0.0 mg/l IBA. IBA performance was better than
IAA in producing higher number of roots by giving 6.60 roots/ explant on shoots cultured on solid MS
medium supplemented with 0.0 mg/l IBA. A high survival rate (%07) was found with poinsettia plantlets
gradually acclimatized into the out-air conditions.

This study carried out to look at easy alternative ways instate of the traditional methods to
measuring leaf area for four types of ornamental plants in the different forms and the leaves included
Ficus elastica Roxb. Var Decora, Scindapsus aureus, Hedera helix, Ficus nitida, and comparison of
different measurement methods with each other. The study included conventional measuring methods
(cloning and cork pore) and update methods by computer measurement program and statistical method by
using regression predictive equations.
The results showed no differences between measuring methods except with Ficus nitida, but the
measuring of leaf area in a direct computer way gave the most accurate results to find the leaf area of
Ficus elastica Roxb. Var Decora, Scindapsus aureus, Ficus nitida and Hedera helix plants (100232,
51213, 2.220 and 43223) cm2, respectively.
The results of method by measuring leaf area using the dry weight of the leave plant were not
encouraging compared with the rest ways. While the method of calculating the leaf area of leave plants
gave nearest values by cloning with computer way for the Ficus elastica Roxb. Var Decora, Scindapsus
aureus, Ficus nitida and Hedera helix plants (1.225., 50201, 23201 and 02220) cm2, respectively. But
when using the regression equation way the results was satisfactory with some plants only. And the best
results registered with Ficus elastica Roxb. Var Decora & Ficus nitida plants when using regression
equations based on the way of cloning, as was the coefficient of determination R2 where (123305 and
123543) respectively, and it was (123343, 123..0 and 123305) with Ficus elastica Roxb. Var Decora,
Scindapsus aureus & Ficus nitida plants respectively, when using the regression equations based on the
computer way.

This experiment was conducted in the vegetable research farm, College of Agriculture , Duhok
University. Three levels of seaweed extracts \" Sea force 1 \" (i.e.0،9،1 ml/ L Dist . water) as a foliar
application on two squash plant cultivars \" Mullah ahmed and Zucchini \" at spring and autumn growing
seasons of /9002. Plants were sprayed once at the beginning of flowering, male and female flower and
twice (at the beginning of flowering and the second after 10 days from the first spray ).
Results indicated that spraying with sea force 1 increased , leaf area , chlorophyll. Results
indicated that the highest value of chlorophyll were in the interaction treatment between Zucchini, twice
application at the high concentration (01.21, 11.10)% in the two growing seasons respectively. Sea force
1 resulted in an increase in the early and total yield, reached (1.197 ,1.714) and (11.17،10.92) Ton /ha at
the first and second seasons respectively. Spraying with the Sea force1 twice at 1 ml/ l will give the best
results.
The interaction treatment between Zucchini, and twice application at the high concentration gave
the highest early yield (1.027, 9.226) Ton /ha and highest productivity (41.20, 17.11) Ton / ha in the two
growing seasons respectively

The study was carried out to isolate and identify the fungi from 05 samples which collected from Koya
district sewage water in April-June 0505.The results showed that Asperigillus and Penicillium have
057.04 and %07054 occurrence respectively, while the appearance of Rhizopus,Alternaria, Fusarium and
Cladesporium were %7004 , 07004, .7054 and 07504 respectively. Penicillium citrinum Were identified
and isolated from sewage in Koya district by using production media of antibiotics.The fungal extract was
obtained from the culture by solvent extraction . The extraction showed zone of growth inhibition
activity against Staphylococus aureus .IR.and UV. were used to identify the fungal extract wavelength.

This research was conducted in University of Kirkuk/Agriculture College at Lath house of
Horticulture department during Oct.0202 season ,It was concluded effect of socked of cormes of
both plants(single and double)flowers of Freesia in water solutions of gibberellin at022 mg.L
-
0
and control(without GA3) for 00h. before planting.

This study was carried to investigate the effect of estrus synchronization with and
without PMSG injection on some reproductive efficiency and blood values of Iraqi
Awassi sheep in Kirkuk province. The study conducted in sheep farm College of Agriculture ,University of Kirkuk on 26 adult Awassi ewes aged 2-3 years. and weighted
45 kg in an average. Ewes were divided into 3 groups, 1
st
group (10 ewes as a control),
the 2
nd
group 0 ewes were subjected to estrus synchronization using intravaginal
progestagen sponges. While the 3
rd
group (7 ewes) were estrus synchronized as in the 2
nd
group with intramuscular injection of 400 IU of PMSG at day of withdrawal of sponges .
Blood samples were collected (2 ml) from the start of the study up to 6 months in a two
week interval to determine hemoglobin concentration, Packed Cell Volume total and
differential numbers of Leukocytes , ewes fertility and prolificacy , gestation period,
lambs birth and weaning weights and average daily gain up to weaning (00 days of age)
were recorded.
Results of the present study showed that hormonal treatment exerted significant
effect (P<0.05) on ewe’s fertility with higher percentage in 1
st and 3
rd
group, while its
effect in ewe’s prolificacy lacked significance. Hormonal treatment affected lamb birth
weight insignificantly, while its effect on average daily gain (ADG) and weaning weight
was significant (P< 0.05) with higher weaning weight and ADG in the 1
st and 3
rd
groups.
The differences between hormonal treatment groups in Hb. Conc., total and differential
leukocyte numbers lacked significance, while its effect in PCV was significant (P<0.05)
with higher PCV in the 1
st and 3
rd
groups.
Simple correlation coefficients between blood values and ewe’s fertility and prolificacy,
gestation period, lamb birth and weaning weigh and ADG were insignificant with
negative values for Hb. Conc., gestation period, lamb’s birth, weaning weights and ADG.
PCV values showed negative and moderate correlation coefficient with lamb’s birth
weight and ADG. Basophiles percentage showed positive moderate correlation with
ewe’s reproductive performance and negative moderate correlations with lamb’s weights.
It could be concluded from the study that ewes fertility and prolificacy improved with
PMSG injection , while lambs growth and blood values were not affected by PMSG
injection

A total of 291 broiler chicks Ross 003 one day old unsexed were randomly into four experimental
treatments (three replicate / treatment, 26 birds / replicate) .The chicks feed in two stages : starter 2-12day , grower
11-99 day , in both stages used four percentages from black seed meal : 0 , 10 , 90 and 60 % replacement soybean
meal in diets .
The results of study showed significantly differences (P≤050.) for all treatments compared with T9 in total
body weight,total weight gain,average growth rate,and for control group in total feed consumption,while in feed
convertion ratio,pancreas,abdominal fat percentage for T9,allso T0 get a significantly effect (P≤050.) in
production index,economic figure,dressing percentage,main cut,breasts,thighs and heart,but the treatments had no
effect in secondary cut,back,neck,edible bewols,liver and gizzard. The economic efficincey,T0 get the best revenue
and net revenue percentage

Seven upland cotton varieties (Halab09, SP8888, Dunn5151, Coker1555, Lachata, Dunn5951 and
Coker059) were used in half diallel cross to develop 15 single crosses. Parents and their crosses were sown
at Al-Haweja (Kirkuk Governorate) in 19 April 1991 using randomized complete block design with three
replications. Graphic analysis, components of genetic variation and narrow sense heritability were
estimated for characters: plant height, number of vegetative branches, number of fruiting branches, number
of bolls per plant, boll weight, seed index, lint index and seed cotton yield per plant. The results showed
highly significant differences between genotypes for all characters. Additive and dominance genetic
variance components were significant from zero for all characters. The values of dominant components
were more than that of additive for all characters except for boll weight. Graphic analysis suggested the
presence of epistatic gene action (non-allelic interaction) for plant height, boll weight, seed index, lint
index and seed cotton yield per plant. Narrow sense heritability was high for seed cotton yield per plant
(8575156), moderate for number of vegetative branches, boll weight and seed index, and low for other
characters.

The life cycle of A leucaspis Laporte which attack poplar species was studied in Iraq in 2,,2 . The
study showed that the mean of incubation period , viability and larval stages (2 days , ,,8 , ,49 days)
respectively . it was appeared that the larval stages live inside the ground .
After the emergence of adult it laid the eggs on soil . The study also indicated that the number of
eggs laid by a single female were 2,-2,, egg . Also it was found that this species of insect has one
generation per year . The hibernation appeared in the second larval instar . Ecological study has shown
that the area and percentage of damage started with primary appearance of the grains scarab
adult at the beginning of may . The increasing of insect number caused an increase in the area and
percentage of damage which reached their maximum means ( 5,.4, , 51.66 and 6.,6 cm2 ) , (54.25 ,
5,.,4 and ,.6,8 ) respectively for populus deltoides , p. nigra and p. euphratica respectively , this happened when the insects number means reached the maximum 22.1, , 5,.25 and 51.51 insect /leaves
for the above mentioned poplar species to mean temperature for ,,c◦ and R.H 21 % .
The statistical analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between the mean insect number
and mean of area and percentage of damage in the , poplar species with ( r ) value ( ,.,2 , ,.,, and
,.,, ) for damage area , and for damage percentage ( ,.6, , ,.,6 and ,.65 ) respectively

The experiment was carried out at fields of college of agriculture and forestry , university of Mosul
in clay soil to study the effect of two disk ridger angles 01○
and .8○
and two distances between center of
disks 011 and 000 cm and two forward speeds 8431 and 0463 km/h on pulling force , drawbar power ,
slippage percentage , depth of disks , ridge width , ridge height , number of soil aggregates larger than 01
cm/m , disturbed soil volume and percentage of ridge conservation .The split split plot design and
randomized complete block design with three replications were used in this experiment .The results showed
that all studied characteristics were significant effected by the disk angle and the distance between disks and
the forward speed except the number of soil aggregates larger than 01 cm/m which was no significant
effected by disk angle and distance between disks . The effect of interaction among three studied factors
were significant in percentage of ridge conservation while there were no significant differences concerning
other studied characteristics.

This study conducted in the laboratories of Horticulture Department / Agriculture College /
University of Kirkuk, to study the effectiveness of alcoholic and aqueous extracts with three
concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5)g/011 ml for each of the seeds (Sorghum Halepens L.) and (Lantana
Camera L.) leaves on the growth of some plant pathogenic fungi ( Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer
and Penicillium oxalicum). The chemical analysis of plants showed that containt tanines, flavonoids
,resins, glycosides ,saponoids and alkaloids.The results showed the inhibition effectiveness of aqueous
and alchoholic extracts against the fungi used , especially the concentration of 0.5 g / 011 ml gave the
best results . The study showed that the highest percentage of inhibition was on fungus Penicillium
oxalicum ( 04.56 ) when aqueous extract of (Sorghum Halepens L.) seeds in the concentration of 0.5 g /
011 ml was used . And the results indicate that the fungus Penicillium oxalicum was more sensitive to the
alchoholic and aqueous extract of (Sorghum Halepens L.) and ( Lantana Camera L.) leaves ( 05 , 04.5,
02.5, 04.0) %, respectively, at the concentrations of 0.5 g / 011 ml and results showed that the aqueous
extract of the (Sorghum Halepens L.) seeds and (Lantana Camera L.) leaves affected more in the rate of
fungal growth, the percentage of inhibition of the fungi (A. niger and R. stolonifer and P. oxalicum) were
(05.0, 0..5, 04.5)% for the (Sorghum Halepens L.) seeds and ( 02.5, 04.0, 04.0)% for (Lantana Camera
L.) leaves respectively at a concentration of 0.5 g / 011 ml and the effect of alcoholic extract of
(Sorghum Halepens L.) was better than the (Lantana Camera L.) leaves at a concentration of 0.5 g / 011
ml with the inhibition of (0., 0., 05)% of (Sorghum Halepens L.) seeds compared with (Lantana Camera
L.) leaf against fungie . A significant differences between the levels of concentration and its effects on
the rate of growth of fungi were recorded, the concentration of 0.5 g / 011 ml was more significant than
other concentrations which record ..15 cm for the A.niger and ..00 cm for the (R. stolonifer) and 2.50
cm for the ( P. oxalicum). While we note that the comparison treatment for these three fungi recorded the
highest growth rate of 5.2. cm for the (A.niger) and 5.05 cm for the (R. stolonifer) and 5.0. cm for the
(P. oxalicum)

It includes the following studies :- A correlation between mite pests Tetranychus atlanticur McG. and
previling temperature, relative humidity was studied in untreated fields throughout 8002 and 8002 at north
Diyala in Shekh baba region , and the efficiency of some acaricides for controlling mite pests infesting
ground nut plants was evaluated , application of the acaricides and its effect on the yield was also estimated
during 8000 , the results which are obtained showed that .
Appositive correlation between pest population density with each off mean of temperatures was
observed r = +06.2 , mean of relative humidity's where r = +06.0 .
Yellow color on some ground nut plants that the first symptoms for infections
It was be found to spread in the field as was evidenced by high percentage infection (0006).
Sulfer and abamectin was found to be highly significant in controlling mite pests ..6.6 and %8626
respectively , the application of sulfer and abamectin increased yield to 0%6 and 2%6 respectively.