Journal of Engineering and Sustainable Development (JEASD)

This work is aimed to study the behaviour of composite top steel cover plate on steel beams running in two directions. Linear shear connection behaviour with partial interaction is assumed. The study assesses the effect of slip that will take place between cover steel plate and the steel beams when the composite deck is subjected to normal loads.The simplified grillage (or grid-framework) method is used to study the deflections and the moments in the grillage caused by the applied loads. The solution is approximate but gives acceptable accuracy when compared with more accurate methods such as the method of finite elements by using plane shell elements.Keywords: Composite deck, Grillage method, Shear connectors, Steel structure.

There are two methods to implement LUT up to 7-bit depends on the type of Xilinx chip hardware and the software that can use in design and the code generation. The first method implements LUT as a RAM. This method gives high speed and requires a very high cost.The second method implements LUT as logic gates. This method requires special software and gives a low speed implies. This paper proposed a modification to the second method that will save the speed of the first method and low cost of the second method. It depends on the design of the LUT. Therefore it will not require special software.

It is a common tradition to depend on (d50) of the bed-material to estimate the sediment load in earthen channels and consider it appropriate to yield results of acceptable accuracy.The aforementioned concept is reviewed in this research through applications on a practical case study constituted nine existing channels, six of which are in the Middle-Euphrates area. Grain-size distribution analyses have been performed for the bed material of those six channels for the purposes of this research, whereas the available data for the other three were considered. The Einstein [1950] approach for estimating the bedload (as developed by Al-Delewy [2003] to make the approach fully amenable for solution by a computer) is used in this respect. Besides, some new additions were necessary to satisfy the requirements of the research.The bed material of each example channel has been classified into six size-classes. Estimates of bedload were performed, once based on (d50) and then for the classified soil; (PR) has been used to denote the ratio of the former to the latter.Despite that no rigid conclusion can be abstracted from relatively limited applications, the research indicated that the (d50) criterion in some cases is not more than a very rough indicator, particularly with very fine or coarse beds, and especially with mild bed- slopes; the ratio (PR) ranged from (0 %) to (1718 %).An indicator of the classified sizes, called texture coefficient, (TC), has been introduced in the research.....

The quality of digital communications whether at radio or optical frequencies depends primarily on the Bit Error Rate (BER). Reducing the BER improves the communication system behavior. At optical frequencies the digital signal is subjected to various types of noise that tends to degrade the BER. This paper describes the dependence of BER on noise and how these effects can be encountered by using longer wavelengths (1.5-1.6 um) at different bit rates.

In this paper a composite beam element has been developed. The composite beam element can be used to model the nonlinear behavior of composite beams. The element is implemented in a nonlinear finite element program (written by the researcher) and its implementation is verified by the analysis of continuous beam tested by others. The good agreement between the computed results and experimental data demonstrates accuracy of the used element. It was found that the increase of steel reinforcement gives an increase in ultimate load by 14.3%, also the increase of flange width at plastic hinge region gives an increase in the ultimate load by 39.3%.

The paper proposes a way for the implementation the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), by matching the algorithm requirements with the hardware (specifically the Xilinx FPGA's) requirements. The aim from the new proposal was an implementation that is not restricted to a particular device. Instead a one guided by the customer requirements, that’s to say transforming the AES architecture to general purpose tool. Finally, a comparison of the proposed implementation with other implementation of the AES using FPGA was made and assessed. The results clearly demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed implementation.

Iraq, the home of two great rivers, Euphrates and Tigris, has faced a sever shortage on its surface water resources on the years 1997-2002. The shortage due in part to the Turkish implementation of (GAP) project which includes number of dams and diversion tunnels which results in larger share of the two rivers water for Turkey on the expense of Iraq, and, in part to the recent drought that the middle east has experienced. Such situation calls for exploiting all the possible water resources of which rainwater constitute an important component. This paper concentrate on evaluating the potentials of rainwater that can be harvested and distributed over different geographic zones of the country, and on the suitable techniques used to collect and store the harvested water. These techniques are site specific and designed to meet local people preference as well as geological, topographical, hydrological, and economical requirements…

Any new engineering project almost needs for land grading computations and design.
Many methods of computation, some are traditional and other has been recently developed,
are already in use. However, there is no one simple method which satisfy the special cases
that may be experienced, e.g., in irrigation engineering and site preparing of large
hydraulic structures, a method that may enable the user to select the most economical stage
of grading complying with his own case study.
In this research a new method of gradually step by step land grading procedure has
been proposed. The method is very simple, reliable and permits economical choices of
solution.
The procedure is based on relaxation technique of gradually grading of the land
under work, that is, by cutting benches and filling pans that following the computed
general slope of the whole area. By this procedure the land grading shall be graded gradually towards a horizontal plane of zero slopes in all directions, however, the user may
select any suitable stage of grading that satisfy his case of design.
The proposed grading method has been well explained through an explanatory
example. The results showed that the method can be easily programmed for computer,
provides several economical choices for the user, save efforts and money in using grading
machines, and no limitations are needed in using the method.