Tikrit Journal of Pure Science

One of the most significant helminthozoonosis in Iraq and
around the world is cystic echinococcosis, which occur by the
etiologic agent of Echinococcus granulosus and it’s
distinguished by considerable intra-specific variability
(genotypes G1–G10). DNA was extracted from 48 isolated
cysts (25 sheep, 12 goats and 11 human) and used as
templates to amplify using Trachsel method to differentiate
Taeniide (Echinococcus spp. and/ or Taenia spp.) and
mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit one (COX1)
gene for genotyping. The PCR products were sequenced, and
sequence analysis was used to further evaluate the data. Out
of 48 separated of the host cysts, 36 isolates displayed the G1
genotype (100%), and in 12 samples, a nucleotide substitution
at position 58 (T→C) results in polymorphism (99.9%). The
G1 is considered that the most contagious and prevalent
genotype of E. granulosus in the world. Our investigation
revealed that, a single genotype that may be in charge of the
disease's infectivity in sheep, goats, and human as well as its
persistence in endemic areas. these epidemiological findings
could be guided the successful hydatidosis con

The Synthesis of new Hg(II) complexes of (2-(2-(2-chlorobenzylidene) hydrazinyl)benzothiazole) (CHB) with phosphine ligands (dppm, dppe, dppp, and dppb) were synthesized, resulting in complexes with the following formulas: [Hg2(CHB)2(µ-dppm)2]Cl4 or [Hg2(CHB)2(µ-phosphine)Cl2]Cl2 (where the phosphines are dppe, dppp and dppb). The suggested geometry around the metal ion is tetrahedral, with the (CHB) ligand acting as a bidentate ligand through the N atoms, while the phosphine ligands act as bidentate bridging ligands through the P atoms. The prepared complexes were characterized various analytical techniques including molar conductivity, infrared spectra, 31P{1H}-NMR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectra. Additionally, the biological effectiveness of these complexes was evaluated against four types of bacteria, namely Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has been assessed. Some of the complexes exhibited an inhibition level in the range of (5-10 mm) at the minimum inhibitory concentration indicating potential antibacteria properties.

Balambo Formation (Early Cretaceous) had been studied in Razan and Bekhme sections, Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, to determine the hydrocarbon generation potentiality for the studied rocks. The samples were analyzed for TOC, Rock Eval pyrolysis and GC-MS technique. The Balambo Formation’s TOC wt. % content is relatively high, ranging between 0.95 to 7.59 wt.% (average 2.91 wt.%). The Formation has the potentiality to generate gas and oil owing to its suboxic-anoxic depositional environment, marine origin organisms, suitable maturity level, and the type of kerogen is predominantly types III and subordinate amount of mixed type II-III according to the Rock-Eval pyrolysis data and isoprenoid/n-alkane. The C27%, C28% and C29% regular steranes distribution suggested the studied formation is deposited in marine environment. The samples were proven to be mature based on the ratios of the Tmax, steranes 20S/ (20S+20R)C29 to ββS/(ββS+ααR)C29 steranes and C32 22S/(22S+22R) hopane. Although the Ts/(Ts+Tm) ratio data point to an early mature stage, vitrinite reflectance predictions ranged from 0.55 to 0.75%,

A total of forty-four groundwater samples were collected from several groundwater wells located at diverse depths and locations throughout the Kre-Bardarash basin in the Duhok governorate. The sample program began in May 2023 and includes the examination of several heavy elements, including but not limited to (As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Va, Ni, Zn, Bo, Cr, Co, Li, Mn, Se, and Ag)The essential goals of this research are to find that the samples have concentrations within the acceptable limits as prescribed in Iraqi drinking water standards. The average Heavy metal Pollution Index (HPI) concentration is 955, which is considerably less than the crucial index value of 100. The percentage of groundwater samples that exceeds the 100-index value is 5%, indicating that the water is completely unsuitable unfit for drinking, while 90 percent are rang from excellent to very poor quality according to HPI. The MI concentration was 0.16 with 88.6 % percent of groundwater samples were found to be very pure water class. The results show that the groundwater in the Akre-Bardarash basin of wells 1,2, and 3 is highly polluted in the northeast part, and wells 22 and 30 are also highly polluted in the south-east part. All of the wells mentioned above are unfit for human consumption. The impact of human activity and industrial activity on the study area has played an important role in the pollution of groundwater quality in the northeast and southwestern parts of the Akre-Bardarash Basin. According to the findings of the current study, it can be concluded that the water can be used safely for drinking without any negative effect on human health, except wells 1,2, and 3 in the northeast part and wells 22 and 30 in the southwest part.

Due to the importance of aluminium compounds in many industrial fields, therefore, in this study, copper-reinforced (Al-Zn) compounds were prepared in different proportions (0%, 0.4%, 1.2%, and 2%), using the powder technique. The structural properties of the compounds under study were investigated using XRD and EDS tests at room temperature. It was found through the XRD results that the samples were polycrystalline (cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, and hexagonal). The results of the crystallinity analysis showed that sample (Al-Zn-(0%)Cu) was (12.73%) crystallized, sample (Al-Zn-(0.4%)Cu) was (32.125%) crystallized, sample (Al-Zn-(1.2%)Cu) was (42.771%) crystallized, and sample (Al-Zn-(2%)Cu) was (50.179%) crystallized. Theoretical density of the phases was determined for each sample using independent calculations, taking into consideration some factors such as variations in atomic mass, the number of atoms of the constituent elements, and the size of the unit cell

The current research dealt with studying the effect of air gap width on the objective properties of the magnetic Snorkel lens used in the scanning electron microscope. The structure of the lens was designed and its properties were studied, and the axial magnetic flux density distribution was calculated (Bz) using the electron optical design program (EOD), The results indicated that the maximum value of the magnetic flux density (Bmax) increased with a decrease in the width of the air gap (S), accompanied by a decrease in the half-width, spherical and chromatic aberrations, and an increase in the resolution of the analysis.

The interaction between a pin-plate and plasma are representing an interest subject in plasma technology and applications. In this research, the influence of added NaCl to distilled water on the discharge characteristics that formed in the gap between pin-water surfaces was investigated in more details. Their electrical and optical characteristics serve as identifiers. It's found that all optical emissions intensity peaks as a results that detected are decreased with increasing of NaCl concentrations (300,400, and 500 mg). As well as, the emission intensity of neutral emission peaks are much higher than that of the ionic emission peaks. The addition of NaCl changes the liquid accessibility, which alters the kinetics of the discharge that forms in the pin-water surface gap. Also, its observed that the NaCl concentrations affected on the I-V characteristics. The data detected that the plasma frequency ((377.1176 - 279.1951)*1011 rad/sec), electron number density ((4.4519 – 2.4401)*1017 cm-3) and electron temperature (2.1537 – 1.663 eV) decreased with increases of NaCl concentrations except the Debye length ((1.6342 – 1.93989)*10-6 cm) shown a different behavior with increase of NaCl concentrations.

In this paper, ammonia (NH3) gas sensitivity was enhanced by the development of highly dense copper oxide (CuO) nanorods on glass substrates. The layer of copper (Cu) was deposited using a vacuum thermal evaporation method. The grown layer of Cu was sequentially inserted into an oxidation furnace at (400 °C) for (120 min) under atmospheric pressure to produce copper oxide (CuO) nanorods. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles- deposited copper oxide nanoparticles were successfully enhanced via a photo assisted spray pyrolysis technique. A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) NH3 gas sensor with aluminum (Al) contact electrodes was fabricated on CuO nanorods. The structure of the crystal as well as the morphology of the CuO nanorods were evaluated with field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction, and UV-visible spectroscopy respectively. In order to create a high-performing MSM NH3 gas sensor, silver nanoparticles (NPs) were sprayed by the photo-assisted spray pyrolysis technique on the CuO nanorods, which are produced via the vacuum thermal evaporation method. The results showed that the modified CuO nanorods by Ag nanoparticles demonstrated great sensitivity to NH3 gas might be much improved, and the sensitivity rises from (376.4 to 700 %) , fast response and recovery times about (10.4 and 9.5 s) respectively to NH3 gas

The structure of ((_42^102)Mo) was explored theoretically with IBM-1 in this work. The (〖E4〗_1^+)/(〖E2〗_1^+ ) symmetry limit of the proposed nucleus was investigated. The considered nucleus was discovered to be deformed with O(6) dynamical symmetry area with gamma-ray softened nucleus. In addition, the B(E2) transition, quadrupole moment, and energy levels for all bands would be computed in this study. According to recent research, ((_42^102)Mo) is unstable to gamma, and their transition behaviors are generally similar to symmetric (γ -soft) O(6) limits. When the current findings are compared to the experimental results, they show a high level of agreement

In this study, we investigate a class of fractional ordering and fractional derivative-based boundary value problems. α∈(3,4] and ζ∈(0,a]. There are four boundary value requirements in this equation. The Banach fixed point theorem (Contraction mapping theorem) and the Schauder fixed point theorem are both used to arrive at the existence and uniqueness solution. Examples based on the fractional integral method and integral operator are used to illustrate our main points.

In this article, the concept of a soft S_p-closed set is introduced. Its relationships with some other types of soft sets are explored and discussed. In addition, via soft S_p-closed sets and soft S_p-open sets, the concepts soft S_p-neighborhood, soft S_p-limit point, soft S_p-derived, soft S_p-interior, soft S_p-closure, and soft S_p-boundary are introduced and investigated