JOURNAL OF KUFA FOR CHEMICAL SCIENCES

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have remarkable properties, which can make these materials as a source alternative to graphene. The new member of TMDCs family ReS2 has got interest because its unique property. Synthesis ReS2 still needs a high temperature to deposit; the high deposition temperature makes ReS2 materials highly cost to produce. In this work the rhenium carbamate complex ([Re2(μ-S)2(S2CNEt2)4]) which have a high thermal stability was used to synthesis ReS2 thin films by reducing the deposition temperature to 525 °C, 25 °C less from previous study. The produced thin films were deposited using Aerosol-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (AA-CVD). Films have been characterized firstly by p-XRD which confirmed that ReS2 thin films were successfully prepared, then the morphology of thin film were investigated by SEM and the results showed morphology was smooth and uniformed.

In this study, activated charcoal extracted from Iraqi date seeds was used to study the effective removal of liquid thiamethoxam pesticide residues. Using Karwa clay to increase the adsorption capacity of thiamethoxam, activated charcoal made from Iraqi date kernel waste was produced using two different processes: chemical catalysis and physical catalysis treated with a phosphoric acid solution (5M). Several elements, including thiamethoxam concentration, mixing duration, contact time, amount of activated charcoal temperature, and pH of the medium, have been studied to influence thiamethoxam removal efficiency. The results showed that the maximum adsorption dose was 0.05 g/L, the dye concentration was 100 mg/L, and the adsorption duration for activated charcoal was 2.5 hours, which is the ideal condition for removal efficiency of 10 63%, while the adsorption duration for activated charcoal was 2.5 hours, which is the ideal condition for removal efficiency. 10 63%. The adsorption time on the Kora clay was 3.5 hours, which is the ideal condition for removal efficiency of 10 74%. Adsorption equilibrium was performed using Freundlich, Temkin, Harkins Jura, Dupin, Elovitch, and Langmuir, and the results on the activated charcoal surface showed that the Harkins Jura model with R2 values of 0.987 and the results on the kura clay surfac

In this work, the drug naproxen was loaded onto the chitosan nano polymer, and the resulting product was characterized using infrared spectroscopy and proton NMR spectroscopy, and the physical properties of the prepared drug were studied, including its solubility in a number of different solvents, including (deionized water, toluene chloroform, acetone, Ethanol, methyl sulfoxide, hexane,). The absorbance of drug release was measured using UV spectroscopy in two buffer solutions (PH 2.2, 8) at 237°C as a function of time (one hour and a day). The biological effectiveness of the prepared drug was studied by taking two types of bacteria, namely )Staphylococcus aureus( bacteria Gram positive and )
Escherichia coli( bacteria Gram negative. The results show that the effect of the prepared chitosan nanodrug gave a much higher result in inhibiting bacteria than using the drug alone (Naproxen). When using two concentrations (1024 and 512) ppm.

Several heterocyclic derivatives were developed for this study. The synthetic strategy was carried out in two stages: first, the preparation of three different types of derivatives of Schiff bases (F1-F3); It was prepared by reacting one mole of p-phenylenediamine with two moles of aromatic aldehydes (4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 4-(methylthio) benzaldehyde, 4-(pyridin-2-yl) benzaldehyde) .The second step was the formation of pent acyclic heterocyclic compounds (Imidazolidinone, tetrazole, and thiazolidinone) by reacting Schiff bases with different amino acids, sodium azide and thioglycolic acid. This is done by taking two moles of it to form five-ring heterocyclic derivatives (F4- F19). The progress of the reactions was monitored using TLC technology. The compounds were characterized using" FT-IR, H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectra" techniques. The biological activity of some of the compounds bacteria Such as (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus), high efficacy against these bacteria. Antioxidant compounds were also studied, and then molecular docking investigations were performed using MOE software. Good binding interactions have been reported when using heterocyclic compounds (F10) as targets,

The Geometry optimized has been investigated at ground state, B3LYP, 6
311G basis sets with density functional theory (DFT). Theoretical characteristics, like as shape and the HOMO-LUMO gap determined by DFT simulations, help the discovery of donating sites. Global reactivity characteristics of folic acid at the B3LYP/6-311G level have been computed in this work. The global reactivity descriptors include global softness (S), global hardness (η), global affinity (A), ionization potential (I), electro negativity (χ), chemical potential (μ), global electrophilicity index (ω), and global hardness (η). Theoretical spectrograms for the UV and IR spectrum were also constructed at B3LYP values.

The new heterocyclic ligand [8-((1E)-(2-(((4-fluorobenzylidene)amino)methyl)phenyl)diazenyl)-1,3-dimethyl-3,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione] (4F-DBAPD) was prepared from the diazotization of Ortho-aminobenzylamine with (1,3-dimethyl-3,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione), followed by the condensation of the resulting compound with 4- Floro Benzaldehyde. Different analytical and characterization techniques including (mass,1HNMR, FT-IR and UV-Vis. spectroscopy and C.H.N elemental analysis) in the investigation of newly prepared ligand. A series of novel solid metal complexes of this ligand with Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) were prepared and all complexes were characterization by techniques above, excluding the mass and the 1H-NMR spectroscopy of some prepared solid metal complexes and the use of flame atomic absorption spectroscopy to determine the percentages of metal ions in the prepared complexes also studied the magnetic susceptibility and molar conductivity of the metal complexes dissolved in DMSO at 1 × 10-3 M concentration laboratory temperature. The results of this studies showed that the coordination sites for the new Azo-Schiff base ligand with Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II)and Zn (II) were to be through nitrogen of the theophylline ring, ,the nitrogen of azo group and the nitrogen of azomethine group . The Electronic spectral and magnetic measurement data predict octahedral structure of the complexes .All complexes showed that electrolytes properties. In the final stage of the study, Molecular docking technology was used to study the biological effect of the new ligand and its complexes as anti-lung cancer agents and to compare the most effective of them on this type of cancer to propose it as a treatment.

Methyldopa (M. dopa) drug concentration in pharmaceutical and pure forms is determined using a simple spectrophotometric method. In this work, the medication is first oxidized using an excess of N bromosuccinimide (NBS), and then it is reduced with 3,3 diaminobenzidine (DAB). The maximum absorption wavelength of the compound (λmax = 513 nm). Beer’s law is obeyed in the concentration range of 0.5 10 μg mL 1 (R2 = 0.9988) for determination of M. dopa. The conditions for compound formation were studied and optimized to obtain the highest absorbance available. the detection limits (LOD) determined and was 0.171 μg. mL 1. The limits of quantities (LOQ) study and was 0.571 μg. mL 1, Sandell sensitivity (S) was 0.008????�g cm 2 with a molar absorptivity of 25.87×103 L mol 1 cm 1 and (recovery% 100.780 to 114.620). Common excipients did not appear to cause any interference in the formulations. The findings demonstrate an easy to use, quick, accurate, and accurate method for determining the amount of methyldopa in pharmaceutical items. The suggested technique was effectively

The research shows how to the synthesis and characterization of new substituted benzimidazolium salts, identify their Ag(I), and Au(I) bis-NHC complexes, and assess their anticancer activity of these compounds. Benzimidazolium salts have been derived from various substitution such as aliphatic chains and phenylacetamide chloride to produce asymmetrically substituted salts. New Ag(I) bis N-heterocyclic carbene complexes were synthesized from the in situ deprotonation process of asymmetrically di substituted benzimidazolium salts with Ag2O. Afterwards, Ag(I) bis-NHC complexes were used as transfer reagents in the transmetallation process to create Au(I) bis-NHC. The prepared complexes were characterized using (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR) spectro techniques. The anticancer activity of benzimidazolium salts and Ag(I) and Au(I) complexes showed good activity compared to cisplatin as standard substance.

One molecule made by Schiff ester chemistry. Physicochemical methods, including 1H-NMR, mass ranges, and FT-IR spectra were used to examine the chemical's conformations. Liquid crystal behavior and transition temperatures of the produced compounds were verified with polarizing optical microscopes and differential scanning calorimeters (DSC). The chiral nematic phase: the compound synthesised showed it existed in an enantiotropic state.

Sulfa pyridine is a sulfa-derived antibiotic. It works to inhibit the activity and reproduction of bacterial cells, by inhibiting the production of some enzymes that bacteria need for their growth and activity. Therefore, in this research, we decided to increase the effectiveness of the Sulfa pyridine compound by adding some groups such as azomethine, as well as preparing some derivatives of thiazolidinone and derivatives , thiazine, hydroquinazolone, and oxazepine, Then evaluating the effectiveness of some prepared derivatives against two types of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus and molecular docking study against skin cancer .

Thyroid disorders are divided into two types: hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, The prevalence of hypothyroidism is increased in India, Iraq followed by China, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Europe, and America. As for, the prevalence is increasing in the north and Baghdad, while the prevalence of hyperthyroidism is increased in Sweden, the United States, and Europe. In Iraq, the prevalence of hyperthyroidism is increased in Basra, Nasiriyah, Baghdad, and Dohuk. The current study aimed to innovate a biochemical relationship between IL-34 and thyroid disorders and to evaluate the levels of (TSH, T4, T3, FT3, FT4, anti-TPO, anti-Tg) in sera samples of patients with thyroid disorders (hypothyroidisms and hyperthyroidisms) and healthy controls. Materials and Methods: 90 persons were participated in the current study

A direct and compassionate approach has been examined to quantify Amoxicillin (AMX) in pharmaceuticals. This method involves a liquid ion exchange process that relies on forming an ion-pair association complex between AMX and Co (II) as a chloroanion complex by the presence of hydrochloric acid and the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-100. The highest wavelength recorded was 357nm. An analysis was undertaken on the impact of the optimal conditions on the separation process, specifically at a temperature of 95°C. After a heating duration of 15 min., the Co(II) concentration was determined to be 100μg/mL, with an optimal TritonX-100 surfactant volume of 0.5mL. Furthermore, an investigation was conducted to analyze the impact of various organic solvents with differing dielectric constants on the dissolution of the Cloud Point Layer. This study aimed to elucidate the most likely structure of the extracted complex was 1:1 [AMX]+; HCoCl4-. The linear calibration curve spanned the concentration range of 5-1000 μg/mL, exhibiting a limit of detection (LOD) of 4.790 μg/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 14.515 μg/mL. The analysis of Amoxicillin in pharmaceutical samples was conducted using

The derivatives of [3-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-imine]L8 and [2-((1H-tetrazol-5-yl)methyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole] L7,L9 have been obtained using -(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)acetonitrile as starting material .The latter compound was utilized as a key intermediate for the synthesis of new heterocyclic compounds L8,7,9 with good yields. Newly synthesized compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activity and characterized by analytical and spectral data

Synthesis of Heterocyclic Organic Ligand involved the preparation of non-homogeneous ring ligand derived from ortho-aminobenzylamine. This was achieved by the azo compound prepared in the first step. The second step included the reaction of the azo compound with 4-(benzyloxy)benzaldehyde .ligand was characterized using various spectroscopic and diagnostic techniques, including mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy , and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy . In addition, precise analysis of C, H, N elements and melting point measurements were conducted. the molar ratio (1:2) (M:L) was found for the ligand (BPDIM ) to prepare metal complexes for cobalt, and copper (divalent) while maintaining a molar ratio of (1:1) for gold complexes (trivalent). While supporting the values of accurate analysis of elements (C.H.N) and the results of flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, the proposed molecular formulas for all studied complexes were investigated. In addition, infrared spectroscopy, Electronic spectra of metal complexes, molar conductance.The new complexes showed variations in conductance depending on the metal ion and oxidation state. This study aimed to conduct an in vitro cytotoxicity comparative study of BPDIM and its Au(III) complex on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and other normal cells. The Au(III) complex was found to be highly selective in targeting cancer cells without affecting normal healthy cells, compared to the ligand. Thus, this complex can be considered as a new drug for treating breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and an attempt in the future to study its effect on other types of cancer.

The carboxylic acid group of ibuprofen, which is responsible for some of its side effects, is converted into a hydrazide group by reacting it with hydrazine. the hydrazide then reacts with specific aldehyde to create highly active Schiff base. These Schiff bases react with certain amino acids to form imidazolidinone molecules(K7-K10). Schiff bases also react with anhydrous acids and hydroxy succinimide to produce seven-membered heterocyclic rings (K3-K6) The synthesized compounds were tested against two types of bacteria at various concentrations.

The spectrophotometric method was suggested for the determination of trace amounts of cobalt. The method is based on the reaction of cobalt (selected between some ions) with a novel prepared reagent 4-((1-ethoxy-1,3-dioxobutan-2-yl) diazenyl)benzoic acid at pH 9 in the presence of sodium hydroxide as a basic medium to form a distinct color complex that shows maximum absorption at λmax = 421nm. Under specific conditions, Beer’s law is obeyed to control the concentration mode of 10-60 ppm. The molar absorptivity was 106.0695 L.mol-1cm-1, Sandellʹs sensitivity was 2.6×10-5, and the detection coefficient was 0.9984. The method was applied with good results to estimate cobalt in multiple doses of vitamin B12 (tablets and injection), then compared with FAAS instrumental, for which the results were close.

Triazoles play an essential role in pharmacy, especially when exposed to the chemical structure of the drug, delving into drug metabolism processes, and biological preparations. It is found abundantly in vitamins, dyes and many other natural products. Most heterogeneous organic compounds are extracted from animal or plant sources. It is used in some industries, such as the manufacture of nylon used in the clothing industry, and in the manufacture of vitamin C. It represents the active group in many enzymes, coenzymes, polymers, and the manufacture of nucleic acids. The study also reached the grades of diagnosing and determining the structural formula using the infrared spectrum (FT-IR), the proton magnetic resonance spectrum (1H-NMR), and the carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum (13C-NMR) according to the functional groups and their appearance in each spectrum. Also, when comparing the process of preparing the derivatives, it was found the difference in the substituted groups from the base compound has a clear effect on the time period for completion of the reaction, which was monitored using the TLC –technique (Ethanol: benzene)

Because riboflavin is becoming increasingly significant in the food, biological, and pharmaceutical fields, it is critical to accurately detect its content to guide nutritional health, diagnose and treat related diseases, conduct pharmacological research on riboflavin, and oversee the quality of food and drugs. A thorough application cloud point extraction and, liquid ion exchange in addition to HPLC techniques for the determination of riboflavin in pharmaceutical domains was provided. To produce an ion-pair association complex for RF with Zn(II) from HCl media and in the presence of Triton X-100 as non-ionic surfactant, the approach uses a liquid ion exchange process. The maximum wavelength was 295 nm. The influence of the ideal conditions on the separation process was examined: 95°C temperature, 15 min. of heating, 100μg/mL Zn(III) concentration, and TritonX-100 as the best surfactant. Within the concentration limit 5-1000μg/mL, the calibration curve is linear

The study involved the preparation of a heterocyclic aromatic Azo-Azomethine compound in a base medium . The compound was identified by partial elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy and many other properties. Physical properties. In addition ,it can tained the preparation of series of octahedral coordination complexes for the ions of manganese(II), iron(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II), cadmium(II) and mercury(II) a tetrahedral complex for the single positively charged silver ion and a flat square complex for the triple gold ion. The prepared new compounds proved their vital activity as antioxidant , anti-cancer compounds, and compounds with high color stability.

In this research paper, our work included the synthesis of some new heterocyclic organic derivatives compounds {penta, hexa, hepta} rings membered by using Schiff Base reaction methods. These cyclic derivatives have given good results, in anti-cancer Activity, and can be prepared there are compounds in three steps.
First step:-\ It involves the preparation of some heterocyclic penta-cyclic derivatives; it is contained from Imidazolidine (five ring members).
Second step:-\ It includes the preparation of some new heterocyclic hepta derivate containing from 1, 3- Oxazepine and Oxazapane (hepta ring saturated and unsaturated members)
Third step:-\ involved the study inhibitory of activity anticancer of some compounds synthesis from this line. The compounds were analyzed and characterized using spectrum photometers by {FT-IR, 1HNMR}

In this work, for the first time a blend of a prepared nano barium titanate BaTiO3 using hydrothermal method and Cs3Bi2I9 was used as a perovskite material for photo anode layer fabrication to be used in photovoltaic pv solar cell. This prepared layer was characterized through XRD, SEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy and the findings state that the band gap of the prepared layer was reduced further compared to the original material of barium titanate (insulating material) suggesting that the prepared material is promising in the PV cell. This fact was further confirmed through performance testing, which showed that the Insulating short circuit current (Isc) measured 5 mA and the photoconversion efficiency (PCE) was 2.4%. It was found the morphology of the prepared layer was also improved.

This research includes prepeared of some new heterocyclic compounds from 2-hydroxy napthaldehyde with 2-amino thiazol , 2-amino thiazol reacted with 2-hydroxy napthaldehyde , to produce shiff base derivative (R),(R) using to synthesis of some new heterocyclic derivatives by reactions and reactant with types solvent and materials to synthesis heterocyclic membered ring , first step : Involved synthesis of seven heterocyclic compounds by reacting (R) with phthalic ,succinic and malic anhydride to prepeared oxazepine compounds (R1,R2,R3) . Second step involves preparing of five- heterocyclic derivatives by reacting (R) with amino acid glycine and thyrocine in tetra hydro furan to prepare (R4,R5).Third step includes preparing of heterocyclic compounds β-lactam(R6). All the compounds were characterized by FT-IR ,H1NMR,13CNMR .Also compounds were studied the measurement antibacterial activity.

Long-COVID disease, is a term that describes the persistent SARS-CoV-2 symptoms, is challenging to diagnose due to its complexity and incompleteness of pathogenesis. Although numerous factors were explored with this condition, the Galanin (GAL) and its receptor 1 (GalR-1) were not extensively studied in this context. Galanin system engaged in the pathophysiology of multiple chronic aging-related diseases, including alcoholism, inflammatory conditions of bowel and skin, and chronic pain. The presented study aimed to evaluate the relationship between tested Galanin system parameters in Long-COVID patients.
Methods: The amount of GAL and GALR-1 were measured using the ELISA technique in a group of (90) Long-COVID patients and (60) individuals who had healing and were no longer experiencing symptoms of Long-COVID.

This study presents the synthesis, characterization, and molecular docking studies of a novel Schiff base functionalized N heterocyclic carbene. The synthesis involved the coordination of Schiff Base/NHC ligand precursor (1M) with silver(I) ions, yielding Silver( Schiff base /NHC Complex (1N). Characterization of (1M) and(1N) were performed using various spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, IR and UV Vis, supplemented by elemental analysis. Molecular docking studies were conducted to explore potential biological activities of the synthesized complex. The results demonstrate successful synthesis of the Schiff base functionalized NHC complex of silver(I) and provide valuable insights into its structural properties and potential biological applications

A novel precursor (1a) of a Schiff base-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene ligand and its corresponding Ag(I) complex (2b) were synthesized via an in-situ deprotonation method using a Schiff base/imidazolium salt and silver oxide. The compounds were thoroughly characterized employing UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopies along with elemental analysis techniques. Molecular docking analysis was conducted to elucidate the binding interactions between the silver complex and the active sites of survivin dimer H. sapiens protein (PDB ID: 1E31).

hypertension commonly interact, creating a difficult condition with major cardiovascular effects. Patients who have hypertension are more likely to experience their risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) , left main disease involvement, and three-vessel

The current investigation examined the relationship between cortisol levels and adrenomedullin (ADM) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) and hypertension (HT). As DMT2 patients experience HT at a rate of (40 60)%, DMT2 is thought to be one of the known complications of HT. The combination of these two conditions can result in the development of stroke and myocardial infarction, which are the primary causes of death in Iraq due to the disease progressing to atherosclerosis and diabetic nephropathy.